2022年人教版语文八上《故宫博物院》word导学案 .pdf

名师精编优秀教案华英学校八年级语文导学稿故宫博物院撰稿：奉乡云【学习目标】1整体感知课文内容，了解故宫博物院的建筑风格与特点。2学习按照空间顺序说明复杂事物的写作思路。3体会本文重点突出、详略得当地说明事物的写法。4培养学生珍视、热爱故宫博物院这一“世界遗产”的感情。【资料链接】：关于故宫朱元璋的儿子朱棣与建文帝大战三年，夺得了帝位(明成祖)，作皇帝后朱棣决定把都城迁到他原来的领地燕（北京），北京城的营建，从1417 年动工，1420 年基本竣工，1421年，正式迁都北京，在以后五百多年的历史中，明清两代共有24 位皇帝在这里行使对全国的统治大权。故宫是目前世界上最大的宫殿，北京城是15 世纪东方最完美的首都，成为世界建筑之林的瑰宝。故宫严格地按周礼考工记中“前朝后市，左祖右社”的帝都营建原则建造，其前半部分为外廷，是皇帝朝政场所。建筑庄严、宏伟，特别是太和殿、中和殿和保和殿三大殿，建筑在8米高的三层汉白玉石阶上，以显示封建帝王至高无上的威严，太和殿座落在紫禁城对角线的中心，故宫的设计者认为，不这样不足以显示皇帝的威严，不足以震摄天下。【学法指导】1.了解常见的说明方法常见的说明方法有举例子、作引用、分类别、列数字、作比较、画图表、下定义、作诠释、打比方、摹状貌等。写说明文要根据说明对象的特点及写作目的，选用最佳方法。2.掌握举例子、列数字、作比较等说明方法（1）举例子名师精编优秀教案举出实际事例来说明事物，使所要说明的事物具体化，以便读者理解，这种说明方法叫举例法。运用举事例的说明方法说明事物或事理，一要注意例子的代表性，二要注意例子的适量性。（2）列数字为了使所要说明的事物具体化，还可以采用列数据的方法，以便读者理解。需要注意的是，引用的数字，一定要准确无误，不准确的数字绝对不能用，即使是估计的数字，也要有可靠的根据，并力求近似。数字是从数量上说明事物特征或事理的最精确、最科学、最有说服力的依据。（3）作比较说明某些抽象的或者是人们比较陌生的事物，可以用具体的或者大家已经熟悉的事物和它比较，使读者通过比较得到具体而鲜明的印象。事物的特征也往往在比较中显现出来。在作比较的时候，可以是同类相比，也可以是异类相比，可以对事物进行“横比”，也可以对事物进行“纵比”。3.学习说明文应抓住的几个要素（1）说明的对象。（2）对象的特征。（3）说明的顺序。（4）说明的方法。（5）说明的语言。【教学建议】1.先让学生了解常见的说明方法，掌握与本文相关的举例子、列数字、作比较三种说明方法。2.再让学生知道学习说明文应抓住的几个要素。3.后让学生以导游的角色按课文的说明顺序对故宫进行解说。【预习准备】1字词我解决给加点字注音，给拼音写汉字：磬鳌头琉璃藻井蟠龙中轴线金銮殿妃嫔yong 正后 fei liu金额 fang chu立内 ting 肃 mu yu花园轮 kuo 乾 kun tan香 liao绕 yi坤宫2.说明方法知多少？.学习说明文应抓住几个要素？4.假如你是导游，你必须弄清游故宫的线路。请你先跟作者一道“游”一遍故宫，再完成课后“研讨与练习”一。5.课文从哪一段开始按空间顺序说明？第几段介绍小广场？小广场前面的是介绍故宫的哪一部分？小广场后面的是介绍故宫的哪一部分？小广场这一段在文章的结构有什么作用？文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8名师精编优秀教案【课堂导学】1.哪是课文中总说故宫的段落，并从中找出体现故宫总特征的句子。2.故宫的“前朝”重点介绍了哪些“殿”？请分析一下从几方面介绍太和殿的。3.故宫的“内廷”重点介绍了哪些“宫”？请分组讨论“前朝”与“内廷”在建筑风格上有什么不同。4.御花园的建筑风格又有什么特点？5.讨论一下我们学习故宫博物院有什么意义？6.写一写，请写一篇文章介绍某个建筑物，题目如我们的校园、我家的住宅等。【课文结构图】文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 ZG2P9N8T8L8文档编码:CZ3M8X6T2R10 HQ8C10A6E10M7 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