2022年人教版八年级语文上学期期末考试题 .pdf

八年级上学期期末试卷班级姓名学号第一部分基础知识（23 分）1阅读下面文字，把文中拼音所表示的汉字依次写在文下方格内。（4 分）你的价值，决定于你在多大程度上解放你自己，开tu你自己。你是平平淡淡，抑或轰轰烈烈，只在于你如何去选择；你是停zh沉寂，还是奔 t ng 呼啸，只在于你怎样去拼b。（王安雄生命之琴）2改正下列错别字。（4 分）千锤百炼万籁具寂惊惶失措如数俸还心弛神往鳞次栉比因地制宜退避三舍清描淡写相安无事可见一斑肆无忌惮正确字错别字3默写。（9 分）（1）感时花溅泪，。（杜甫春望）（2），铁马冰河入梦来。（陆游十一月四日风雨大作）（3）海内存知己，。（送杜少甫之任蜀川）(4)，却话巴山夜雨时。（李商隐夜雨寄北）（5）乱花渐欲迷人眼，。（白居易钱塘湖春行）（6），自缘身在最高层。（王安石登飞来峰）（7），甲光向日金鳞开。（李贺）4对下列两首诗理解不正确的一项是（）（2 分）过零丁洋别云间文天祥夏完淳辛苦追逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。三年羁旅客，今日又南冠。山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。无限河山泪，谁言天地宽！惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。已知泉路近，欲别故乡难。人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。毅魄归来日，灵旗空际看。A 过零了洋是一首七言律诗，四联八句，全诗押的是ing 韵；别云间是一首五言律诗，也是四联八句，押的是an 韵。B 过诗多用对偶句，如“山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉而打萍”和“惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁”，对仗极为工整。C 别诗中“三年羁旅客，今日又南冠”一联点明自己被捕，过了三年漂泊的生活，今天又成了囚徒，同时表明自己要像楚人钟仪那样忠于故国的意志。D“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”表明自己以死明志的决心，全诗透露出作者内心的恐惧和对前途的迷蒙。5右图是在第45 届戛纳国际广告节上获铜狮奖的一则公益广告，画面上是两棵树，标题是热带雨林。请仔细观察，合理想像，为这则公益广告拟一条简明的广告词。希望你的广告词富有创意。（3 分）答：第二部分阅读训练（37 分）阅读下列选文，做69 题。治水之法，既不可执一，泥于掌故，亦不可妄意轻信人言。盖地有高低，流有缓急，潴有浅深，势有曲直，非相度不得其情，非咨询不穷其致，是以必得躬历山川，亲劳胼胝。昔海忠介治河，布袍缓带，冒雨冲风，往来于荒村野水之间，亲给钱粮，不扣一厘，而随官人役亦未尝横索一钱。必如是而后事可举也。如好逸恶劳，计利而忘义，远嫌而避怨，则事不举而水利不兴矣。6选择下列句子中加点字解释相同的一组。（）（2 分）非相度不得其情如是而后事可举也怡然自得如好逸恶劳未尝横索一钱可以为师矣尝奏荐某人为某官是以必得躬历山川7下面句子朗读节奏停顿不正确的是（）（2 分）A治水必躬亲B泥于掌故C昔海忠介治河D而随官人役未尝横索一钱8用现代汉语翻译下列句子。（2分）非相度不得其情，非咨询不穷其致翻译：9在你心目中，海瑞是怎样的一个人呢？请联系选文和下面两则材料，对海瑞作出尽可能全面的评价。（2 分）“干国家事，读圣贤书。”海瑞所题自勉对联“三生不改冰霜操，万死常留社稷身。”海瑞墓园对联（为海瑞手书）答：A B C D 文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2文档编码:CX5M3M4Q7B8 HK7K9W4F9T5 ZA1J4R7B3A2阅读下列选文，做1012 题。（6 分）放学了，小亮还沉浸在欢乐之中，蹦蹦跳跳地朝家中走去。蓦地，他站住了，摸摸口袋里还剩下的舍不得吃的糖，一股恐惧感袭上心头。他好像又看到：现在的妈妈扬起细眉在爸爸的耳边嘀咕什么，爸爸抓起一条柴棍，气势汹汹地向他走来。他愣怔着，不知如何办才好。他使劲拍拍口袋，不行，咋瞧都是鼓囊囊的。他低下小脑袋，吮着指头，想了许久，瞅瞅四周无人，迅速将糖埋入路边的雪堆中，还特地插上一根小棒棒。这一夜，小亮睡得特别香，特别甜。他梦见过去的妈妈笑着回来了，现在的妈妈垂着头走了，真高兴。第二天，小亮起得特别早。他照例先把全家的便盆倒掉、涮净，再掏米、添水、捅火、坐锅，然后才背上书包拿块冷馍悄悄溜出门。他要赶紧去挖他的糖。不想，一夜之间地温回升，冰雪融化了，糖浆和雪水混在一起，渗入大地。潮湿的地面上，歪躺着几张皱巴巴的糖纸和那根作为标志的小棒棒。小亮眨巴眨巴眼睛，忍不住滚下泪来。他伤心地蹲在地上，呆呆地凝视着。一会儿，又情不自禁地伸出冻裂的小手指，抠起一点泥土放在舌尖上他，又笑了：那泥土，甜丝丝的。10王小亮最大的愿望是什么？请从文中找出句子回答。（1 分）答：_ _ 11为什么王小亮摸着舍不得吃的糖，又有“一股恐惧感袭上心头”？（2 分）答：12文章多次运用了对比的手法，请举一例说明其在表现人物遭遇、凸现文章主旨等方面的作用。（3 分）答：阅读下列选文，做1316 题。（8 分）满眼是未加采伐的原始森林。潭无鱼鳖，林无鸟兽，偶或有如蝉、如蝇、如蚊的声音，侧耳谛听，分辨、捕捉，却又没有。那是静谧的世界、净洁的世界，甚或是蝉的世界。偶一文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6人声也是静悄悄的，舍不得打破山间的安宁。同行者都在深深地吸气，仿佛把整个阿里山的空气都吸进去，又仿佛吸进去以后凝化在体内而不要吐出来。山间的曲径幽路全被青苔染绿，茸茸的、毛毛的、蒙蒙的。这是浓阴遮蔽下的青苔路，离开了那森森万树，离开了那浓浓团阴，决计长不出这么密、这么厚的青苔。它真像一条条绿地毯，紧紧地贴在地表上、台阶上，甚或依附在树干上。森林恰似一片汪洋，无边无际。其盘曲之势，如幢顶，如伞盖，又如古寺宝塔，真不知树躯有多少围、祷身有多少高。它们排列之整肃，如孙武之军阵、秦皇之兵马。树干都是湿漉漉的，已不知多少年浸在山间雾气之中了。虽是盛夏亭午时分，正是骄阳喷焰，却透不进日光来。我们的身上也分明有点薄湿。忽然间，我觉得，这不就是唐诗中所说的“入云深处亦沾衣”吗?13仔细品读文章，根据下列句子分析人们的思想感情。（2 分）偶一人声也是静悄悄的，舍不得打破山间的安宁。同行者都在深深地吸气，仿佛把整个阿里山的空气都吸进去，又仿佛吸进去以后凝化在体内而不要吐出来。答：14作者抓住了潭水清澈、林区_、曲径幽路、森林_的特征来写景，使我们有身临其境的感觉。（2 分）15请仿照例句，再造一个句子：（2 分）例句：森林恰似一片汪洋，无边无际。广场的喷泉16有人认为画线句可以改为“山间的曲径幽路全被茸茸的、毛毛的青苔染绿”，你赞同吗？为什么？（2 分）答：阅读下列选文，做1720 题。（13 分）成功登陆火星的“勇气”号探测器2004 年 1 月 4 日，带着人类探索太空奥秘的千年梦想，“勇气”号火星探测器经过半年多的飞行，成功登陆火星。这对于了解火星及其演化，了解地球自身的过去和未来，都有十分重要的意义。火星是地球外侧的比邻星，距离地球十分遥远，探测器登陆火星远比登陆月球艰难得文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6多。月球表面几乎没有大气，制动火箭可以引导登月舱准确地进行软着陆；而火星大气的密度虽然远远低于地球大气的密度，但仍可使登陆舱在着陆的数秒钟内烧毁。同时，火星风也能把登陆舱吹离目的地。因此，航天专家们给火星起了个绰号叫“死亡行星”，意指探测火星非常艰难，稍有疏忽就会前功尽弃。美国科学家总结了四十多年来国内外火星探测的成功经验，并汲取了多次登陆失败的教训，采用了多种技术措施相结合的方案，终于使“勇气”号成功登陆。“勇气”号是迄今人类遣往其他行星的第一个可以移动的、自动化的大型实验室。其实，它就是一台车式机器人，长16 米，宽 23 米，高 15 米，重 174 公斤，靠太阳能电池板获得能源。它有自己的大脑、颈、头、眼睛和手臂。“勇气”号的“大脑”是一台每秒能执行约2000万条指令的计算机。不过，与人类不同的是，它的大脑并不在头部，而在腹部。所谓“颈”和“头”，是指“勇气”号上部伸出的一个桅杆式结构，上面有一对“眼睛”其实是两台可拍摄火星表面彩色照片的全景照相机。两台相机的高度与人眼高度差不多，使“勇气”号能以类似人的视角环视四周，这儿瞧瞧，那儿看看，寻找有价值的探测目标。当发现值得探测的岩石等目标时，“勇气”号会像地质学家一样，走上前去对岩石敲敲打打，搜集数据，然后向下一个目标前进，因此科学家们亲切地称其为“野外地质学家”。“勇气”号配备了野外科学考察所需的“全套武装”，其中包括全息摄像机和显微镜成像仪。“勇气”号上有多台高清晰度摄像机，可以拍摄高分辨率的火星地表和天空影像。而显微镜成像仪就像地质学家手中的放大镜一样，能以几百微米的超近距离对火星岩石纹理进行审视。探测器还配备了一个相当于地质学家常用的小锤子式工具，能对岩石内部进行采样研究。另外还有一些先进仪器，可用来对岩石构造做进一步分析。“勇气”号火星探测器拥有一套独特的通讯系统。借助这套系统，“勇气”号可以直接与地球控制中心交流信息。火星上是否存在生命，一直是人们非常关心的问题。“勇气”号也将围绕此问题进行有益的探索。它肩负着两大使命，一是用先进的生化手段探测火星上是否存在生命，二是探测火星上是否有水。“勇气”号成功登陆火星，为人类进一步探索银河系打开了一扇希望之门；不过，这条探索之路仍是漫长而艰难的。尽管在这条道路上随时都可能遭受挫折，但是人类绝不会停止探索宇宙奥秘的脚步。目前，航天专家们正计划在发射无人探测器的基础上，选派航天员登陆火星，对这颗神秘而美丽的红色星球做进一步的科学探索与研究。17请你根据文章提供的相关信息，用一句话概括介绍“勇气”号探测器。（答案不超过45个字）（3 分）答：18文中对“勇气”号的结构、装备及其功能进行说明的是第段到第段。（2文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6分）19既然火星被称为“死亡行星”，登陆非常困难，为什么人类还要坚持对火星的科学探索？请根据文章内容简要写出四点理由。（4 分）答：20“勇气”号这一名称是从参加火星探测器命名比赛的一万份美国小学生作文中挑选出来的，中选文章的作者是一名9 岁的小女孩。人们为什么把为火星探测器命名这样神圣的使命交给孩子们呢？为什么“勇气”号这一命名能够中选呢？谈谈你对这两个问题的理解。（4 分）答：第三部分作文训练21作文题：心事要求：体裁不限，字数不少于500 字。八年级上学期期末试卷答案1.拓滞腾搏2.“具”改为“俱”“俸”改为“奉”“弛”改为“驰”“清”改为“轻”3.（1）恨别鸟惊心（2）夜阑卧听风吹雨（3）天涯若比邻王勃（4）何当共剪西窗烛（5）浅草才能没马蹄（6）不畏浮云遮望眼（7）黑云压城城欲摧雁门太守行4.D 5.答案示例：保护热带雨林对我们有多重要？要想知道答案，屏住呼吸试试！（或保护热带雨林就是保护地球的肺！）6.C 7.C 8.略9.勤政爱国、事必躬亲、洁身自爱、清正廉洁、勤学不辍、刚直不阿。10.过去的妈妈笑着回来了，现在的妈妈垂着头走了。11.如果让“现在的妈妈”知道亲妈妈送糖给他，自己会挨爸爸的一阵痛打。12.举例略。通过对比主要突出“过去妈妈”的慈爱，“现在妈妈”的冷酷，也体现了王小亮的机智、坚强和可爱。13.体现人们陶醉于清新宁静的山间，表现了人们对阿里山的喜爱和赞美。14.静谧宽广（意思对即可）15.答案示例：广场的喷泉像一朵盛开的花，美轮美奂。16.文章中把定语后置是为了突出幽路上的青苔的状态。同时把整句拆成两个分句，读起来也富有节奏感。（意思对即可）17.“勇气”号探测器是人类遣往其他行星的第一个可移动的、自动化的、用来对火星进行科学探测的大型实验室。（意思对即可）18.19.答案要点：（1）了解火星及其演化过程；（2）了解地球自身的过去和未来；（3）探测火星上是否有生命；（4）探测火星上是否有水；（5）为人类进一步探索银河系打开一扇希望之门；（6）探索太空奥秘是人类的千年梦想。（答出其中四点，意思对即可）（共 4 分，每个要点 1 分）文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J6文档编码:CJ10C4G7W2V10 HR10P3R2A8M4 ZU4S3W9P3J620.第一问答案要点：（1）孩子代表人类的未来和希望；（2）想信孩子具有丰富的想像力；（3）激发孩子探索宇宙奥秘的兴趣；（4）从小培养孩子的