宾语补足语同宾语从句的区别.doc

宾语从句：1. 宾语从句充当的是句子的宾语，少了它句子就没有宾语不是完整的句子了。宾语从句一般由that引导，后跟的是一个完整的句子。Eg. I found that he was lying on the ground. I heared that he was back. I think that he is very kind.2. 而宾语补足语那么是有宾语存在，对宾语的补充完善。能充当宾语补足语的一般有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。 宾语加宾补一起构成复合宾语。常跟复合宾语的动词有：call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep, choose, elect, define, regard, see,recognize, treat, take, consider, look up, refer to, employ, use, show, organise, express 等。Eg. I heared Jim singing this morning. Tom made the girl cry. I find learning English difficult. I saw the kite up and down.注意：当感官动词与使役动词，如： see hear notice watch hear feel observe(感官动词) make have let(使役动词) 接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。 在help后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。宾语从句注意点：1. 多为that引导 2. 偶尔有if/ whether引导的一般疑问句，反义疑问句，选择疑问句等构成宾语从句。3. 在介词之后，不定式之前或在or之前只能用whether不能用if。 4. 宾语从句是陈述语气。注意：that引导的从句一般是：宾语从句与定语从句两种。在句子中补充当成分，后跟完整句子的是宾语从句。在从句中充当主语或宾语时为定语从句。定语： Do you know the girl that often comes here. Hes the boy that I talked with just now.注：定语从句先行词一般是who, whom, which that(that 可省略)。定语从句： 先行词是all. Few,little, something,everything,nothing等不定代词时，只能用that。 Eg. All that he said is true.先行词被only，no,any,all等词修饰时只能用that。先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that先行词被形容词最高级修饰时只能用that。先行词既包括人又包括物时，只能用that。Eg. We all talked about the people and the things that we remembered.在介词后只能用which。 Eg. The house in which I lived has been sold.宾语从句的时态问题：宾语从句的时态问题：1. 如果主句为一般现在时，那么宾语从句的时态不受限制，根据实际情况使用所需要的时态。I hear Jone left for Beijing yesterday.2. 如果主句为一般过去时，那么宾语从句的时态只能用过去的某种时态。Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.3. 如果宾语从句为客观真理或普遍事实，那么用一般现在时态。Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.4. 如果宾语从句是由when引导的从句或带有时间状语的从句，那么when引导的从句或时间状语从句中的时态不变。The teacher wanted to know when the girl was born. Tom said he had worked here since he left school.如果宾语从句含有过去的具体的年，月，日时其时态保持不变。 I heared Lucy was born in 1986.5. 否认前移：如果主句的谓语动词是think，guess，believe等动词且接有否认的that宾语从句时，常将否认词提前到主句中。I dont think that Alice is an American.6. 复合构造： 在think，find，make等接有复合宾语的动词之后，为防止句子头重脚轻或关系模糊，常用it做形式宾语，而将真正做宾语的宾语从句放在宾补之后，即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句I think it important that we should learn swimming well.宾语从句考点速记口诀：宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that，一般疑问是否if，whether替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句假设为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句假设为过去时，从句时态向前移。三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。状语从句看连词，根据连词的意思判断属于什么状语从句。 尤其注意时间状语与条件状语的“主将从现原那么。7. We lost the way in the forest, and we didnt know _.A. where we get back B. when did we get back C. how we could get back8. I dont know _ _she could finish the work by the end of this month.A. whether B. what C. when9. “Underground is the only word in the English language_starts and ends with the lettes “und. A. what B. that C. who D. whom 10. All the students like the teachers_can understand them well.A. what B. who B. whom C. which11. It will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we_to bed too late.A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone12. _he was very tired, he continued working in his office.A. Since B. Although C. As soon as D. Because 13. All _he said is true.A. that B. which C. what14. This is the best book _ I have read this year.A. which B. that C. what 15. I cant decide _to buy this bike or not.A. whether B. if C. that 16.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25th _Chrismas day.A. is B. was C. has benn D. will be17. wed like to tell you that you _the exam.A. have passed B. had passed C.pass D. will pass18. Could you tell me _ A. where is the nearest railway station B. where the nearest railway station wasC. where the nearest railway station is D. where was the nearest railway station19. he said he _three English songs since he came here.A. learned B. had learned C. would learn D. has learned20. -when will you fly to Sydney -pardon I ask _A. when will you fly to Sydney B.whether you will fly to SydneyC. that you will fly to Sydney D. when you will fly to Sydney21. Excuse me,could you tell me _our ticketsA. where do we show B. where shall we showC. where did we show D. where we shall show第 6 页