2022年中图版历史七年级下册第14课《明朝的对外交往与抗倭斗争》word教案 .pdf

名师精编优秀教案第 15 课 明朝的对外关系【教学目标】1.知识与能力目标通过本课学习，使学生了解郑和下西洋、戚继光抗倭等基本史实，掌握明朝对外关系的概况。通过本课学习,培养学生的识图能力、观察和分析图片及史料的能力。通过分析戚继光抗倭取得成功的原因，培养学生综合分析历史问题的能力，以提高学生评价历史人物的能力。2.情感态度与价值观目标通过对郑和下西洋、戚继光抗倭等内容的学习和分析,向学生进行传统的爱国主义教育，引导学生综合评价戚继光这位民族英雄，还可引导学生发现郑和与戚继光这二位历史人物的人格魅力，帮助学生形成正确的人生观和健全的人格。【重点难点】教学重点郑和下西洋，戚继光抗倭教学难点本课涉及的空间概念较多,学生在世界历史方面的知识储备不足，加上古今地名的叫法不一致，会给学生的学习带来不便。教师可将郑和下西洋路线等做成多媒体教学课件，将航行路线动态地显示出来，这样能调动学生多种感官的活动，并把历史事件与时间、空间紧密地联系起来，从而形成准确的时空概念。【教法学法】应用多媒体课件，运用启发式和问题目标教学法。【教学手段】多媒体课件【课时】1 课时名师精编优秀教案【课型】新授课【教学过程】一、复习提问，导入新课提问:（利用鉴真和玄奘图）图中的历史人物是谁？他去了哪个国家？学生回答，教师导人新课:唐朝时期，采取开放的对外政策，使唐朝在世界上享有很髙的声望，中国人被称为“唐人”。那么，明朝时期，对外关系如何呢？二、讲授新课(一）郑和下西洋1.检测学生自主学习的效果。2.针对学生的回答，教师点评，并进行归纳和讲解:时间：1405-1433年目的:提髙明朝在国外的地位和威望，“示中国冨强”，冋时也用中国的货物去换取海外的奇珍。次数:先后七次到达范围:亚非 30 多个国家和地区，最远到达非洲东海岸和红海沿岸。意义:郑和的远航，促进了中国和亚非国家和地区的经济交流;加强了我国和亚非各国的友好关系。评价:郑和是我国也是世界历史上的伟大航海家。文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 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ZI9S7O8T2A4名师精编优秀教案3.自主探究面对诸多困难，郑和最终成功七下西洋的原因有哪些？（学生讨论回答，教师相应的引导、点评和归纳）客观条件:包括当时经济发展，造船水平的髙超，航海技术的掌握，指南针的应用，天文、历史知识的积累等。主观方面，郑和本人具有吃苦耐劳的精神和英勇无畏的气概，同时他还具有一定的政治经验和组织才能;另外郑和出生在回族家庭，又皈依佛教，熟悉伊斯兰教和佛教教义，西洋各国大都信仰佛教或者伊斯兰教，这也是远洋航行成功的重要条件。当然，船队中其他成员也是功不可没的。然而，最重要的是明朝前期国力的强盛。(二)戚继光抗倭1.元末明初，日本的海盗经常侵袭中国东南沿海地区，他们被称为倭寇；2.明朝派戚继光抗击倭寇的进攻，戚继光是我国著名的民族英雄。3.“封侯非我意,但愿海波平”(1)这是戚继光的话，大意是:做官不是我的愿望，我的愿望是平定倭患。(2)戚继光的主要事迹：1561 年率领“戚家军”在台州抗倭，九战九捷。后又到福建、广东一带与其他抗倭将领共同抗倭。(3)戚继光领导的抗倭斗争是我国历史上第一次反抗外来侵略并取得胜利的斗争。那么，抗倭斗争取胜的原因是什么？反侵略的正义的战争;戚家军训练有素，纪律严明，能征善战。文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 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ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4名师精编优秀教案先明确交代抗倭的历史背景，可结合戚家军抗倭形势图或投影、计算机课件等，首先阐明“倭寇”的概念，再让学生搞清楚明朝中期倭患严重的原因，指导学生观看戚家军抗倭形势图，以对倭寇的骚扰范围之广、危害之深有一个形象的认识。教师还可以出示有关材料，启发学生思考:倭寇对我国东南沿海的骚扰造成了什么严重的后果？明确了以上几方面的问题，就为正确认识戚继光的抗倭斗争，以及更好地评价抗倭斗争的性质做好了铺垫。三、课堂小结1.明朝前期，我国是世界上最发达的国家之一,郑和下西洋同亚非各国的经济和文化的交流频繁,属于友好往来。明朝中后期，国势日渐衰落，倭寇入侵，倭患猖獗，戚继光领导了反侵略的抗倭斗争，并取得了胜利，然而中国与外来侵略势力的矛盾却日益尖锐，表现为冲突与战争。明代对外交往特点的演变，非常直观地反映了当时处于封建社会末期的中国，在世界范围内已经落后了。2.通过刚才我们对郑和下西洋经过的学习了解，你觉得为什么户年后的今天，郑和仍值得我们纪念？文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4文档编码:CS2C7K9E9O3 HG3G3A5C10T8 ZI9S7O8T2A4名师精编优秀教案(结合郑和下西洋与哥伦布到达美洲对照表思考)郑和（下“西洋”）哥伦布（到美洲）比较结果首航时间1405 年1492 年早半个多世纪次数7 次4 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