2022年人教版小学数学五年级下册《长方体的体积》说课稿 .pdf

学习好资料欢迎下载人教版小学数学五年级下册长方体的体积说课稿各位老师：大家下午好！今天我说课的内容是长方体的体积一课。下面我将从说教材，说教法，说学法，说教学流程和说板书设计五个方面来进行说课。一、说教材1、教学内容长方体的体积 是人教版小学数学五年级下册第四章第三节的教学内容。2、教材分析本课是在学生已经基本认识了长方体和正方体的特征，学习了表面积的计算，掌握了体积的概念和常用的体积单位的基础上进行教学的。学习体积的计算，使学生进一步体会到知识来源于实践、用于实践的道理，掌握一些研究问题的方法。并且对学生空间观念的形成有着重要的意义。同时为学习体积单位之间的进率打下基础。3、教学目标根据上述教材结构和内容简析以及课程标准的具体要求，考虑到学生已有的知识结构和心理特征，我特制定以下教学目标：（1）、知识与技能：使学生掌握长方体和正方体体积公式的推导过程，理解长方体和正方体体积的计算公式；初步学会计算长方体和正方体的体积。（2）、过程与方法：培养学生实际操作能力，同时发展他们的空间观学习好资料欢迎下载念。（3）、情感态度和价值观：在活动中使学生感受数学与实际生活的密切联系，体验学数学、用数学的乐趣，从而激发学生的学习兴趣。4、教学重难点重点：结合具体情境和实践活动，探索并掌握长方体、正方体体积的计算方法、能正确计算长方体、正方体的体积，解决一些简单的实际问题。难点：在观察、操作、探索的过程中，提高动手操作能力，进一步发展空间观念。二、说教法学法(一)说教法课程标准中指出：有效的教学活动不能单纯的靠模仿和记忆，动手操作、自主探索与合作交流是学习数学的重要方式。本节课，我将采用动手操作法和引导探究法，组织学生开展丰富多彩的教学活动。（二）说学法数学学习活动充满着观察、操作、推理、比较、交流、实验、模拟等探索性与挑战性的活动，在本节课中，我会积极鼓励学生动手操作、自主探索，合作实践，组织学生认真观察、分析和讨论，突出体现学生在学习过程中的主体性，在解决实际问题的过程中来完成学习探究任务。三、说教学过程（一）、复习导入文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 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ZA10J4C1J8Q8学习好资料欢迎下载在脑海里回想长方体和正方体的特性，写出他们的表面积的计算方法，并请学生在练习本上画出图形，写出关系式。（二）、创设情境，引入新课告诉大家一个好消息，现在要在操场上修建一个长方体的沙坑，作为运动会跳远的场地，请你帮忙算一算，应该买多少沙子呢？这与我们以前学过的哪些知识有关系呢？（体积）（三）、小组合作，探究新知1、学生拼摆长方体分小组探究：每一组都用12 个小正方体（棱长1 厘米）摆出 4个不同的长方体，记录它们的长、宽、高，并完成下表。长/cm 宽/cm 高/cm 小正方体数量/个 体积/cm3第一个长方体第二个长方体第三个长方体第四个长方体观察长方体的体积与它的长、宽、高有什么关系，与同学说一说你发现了什么共同点和不同点？为什么形状不同而体积相等呢？教师引导：观察自己摆出的长方体长、宽、高的数，除了表示出长方体的长、宽、高的长度外，还表示什么？师生共同归纳：表示长的数，如4，除了表示 4 厘米长外，还表示出一排摆了 4 个 1 立方厘米的正方体。同样的道理，表示宽的数还表示摆了几排，表示高的数还表示有几层。文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 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ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8学习好资料欢迎下载引导学生观察表内数据并分析：长方体的体积大小，与哪些因素有关？2、操作验证，归纳提升第一组：请同学们摆出一个长4 厘米，宽 3 厘米，高 2 厘米的长方体，说出它的体积。（一排摆出 4 个 1 立方厘米的正方体，一共摆了 3 排，摆 2 层）第二组：同上要求摆出长3 厘米，宽 3 厘米，高 2 厘米的长方体。第三组：想象一个长5 厘米，宽 4 厘米，高 3 厘米的长方体，说出体积。记录数据，填入下表长（cm）宽（cm）高（cm）体积（cm3）推导：请同学们观察这些从实际操作中得出的数据，思考这些数据与长方体的体积有没有关系？是什么关系？教师板书长方体的体积公式：长方体的体积=长*宽*高V=a*b*h=abh 3、正方形体积的推导小组讨论，当长宽高都相等时，这是什么样的长方体？通常我们都叫它什么体？那它的体积该怎样求呢？文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 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页练一练的第三题【设计意图】培养学生灵活解决问题的能力，进一步巩固强化新知，提高图形认知能力和计算能力。3 综合练习让学生独立完成书上49 页练一练的第 4-8 题【设计意图】通过具体的生活实际问题，再次提高认识，巩固与掌握运算技巧，培养学生解决实际问题的能力。（五）、全课总结教师提问学生；今天我们研究了什么？这样知识可以帮助我们解决哪些问题？现在你们能解决刚开始上课时提出的修建一个沙坑要买多少沙子的问题了吗？教师带领同学回顾长方体和正方体的体积公式，提供修建沙坑需要的已知量来解决实际问题。文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 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ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8学习好资料欢迎下载四、板书设计长方体的体积长方体的体积=长*宽*高V=abh 正方体的体积=棱长*棱长*棱长V=a3五、教学反思本节课，我最满意的是长方体和正方体体积的探索过程及结果。因此在本节课中，有好几个小组的学生通过同一次的操作活动，就能同时得出长方体和正方体的体积计算公式，并且正确地阐述了原因正方体是特殊的长方体。同时学生能根据长方体与正方体的关系正方体是长、宽、高都相等的长方体，进一步的揭示了正方体的体积棱长棱长棱长与长方体的体积长宽高之间的联系与区别。在这一个环节的操作探索活动中，学生通过数据的记录与分析，发现长方体体积与长、宽、高（正方体体积与棱长）之间的关系，知道了求长（正）方体体积所必需具备的条件，并根据数据抽象归纳出体积公式，这当中不仅提高了学生的动手操作能力，也发展了学生的分析概括能力。同时在整个的观察、操作、探索的过程中，更进一步地理解与掌握长方体与正方体之间的联系与区别，有助于知识体系的重组与构建，学生的空间观念也得到了进一步的发展，这也是本节课的意图之一。但是，在本节课的学生汇报环节当中，学生在汇报时语言表述有些不清楚，且汇报习惯不是很好，这跟学生平时在这个方面得到的训练机会不多有关系，也跟老师当时的心态稍嫌急躁有着一定的关系。这提醒了我，在以后的教学过程中，要多所改进，不管文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 HE2B5R5A1M1 ZA10J4C1J8Q8文档编码:CT3F4Z3X4H7 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