2022年人教版选修1《王安石变法的主要内容》word学案 .pdf

名师精编优秀教案第二课王安石变法的主要内容导学案【学习任务】1.王安石变法的主要内容有哪些？2.如何认识王安石的理财之道？3.王安石的强兵之法有什么作用【自主学习】列表归纳：王安石变法在政治经济军事文化方面采取的主要措施及作用措施内容作用青苗法农田水利法免役法（募役法）市易法方田均税法均输法保甲法保马法将兵法设军器监改革科举制度整顿太学惟才用人【问题探究】1.王安石认为改革的必要性是什么？改革的根本目的是什么？改革的方针是什么？必要性：北宋内忧外患，面临严重危机。根本目的：挽救统治危机，巩固宋王朝统治。方针：民不加赋而国用足2.王安石在经济方面的改革目的是什么？措施主要有哪些？增加国家赋税收入，改变积贫的局面，巩固封建统治秩序。青苗法、农田水利法、免役法、市易法、均输法3.王安石在军事方面改革的目的是什么？措施主要有哪些？改变积弱的局面，巩固封建统治秩序。名师精编优秀教案保甲法、保马法、将兵法和设军器监。4.王安石变法的理财措施中主要解决了什么样的社会问题？青苗法针对大地主和高利贷高息盘剥百姓的社会现象。农田水利法针对战乱土地荒芜、水利失修的社会问题。免役法针对官僚地主享有免徭役特权的社会现象。市易法和均输法针对大商人垄断市场的社会现象。方田均税法针对官僚和地主隐瞒土地、逃避赋税的社会问题【合作探究】一.中国古代的重大改革大都是以土地制度改革为核心内容的，这些改革措施都大大推动了社会的不断进步和历史的发展。（1）概括指出中国古代重大改革中解决土地问题的主要措施和各自的历史作用。商鞅变法：废井田，开阡陌；确立了封建生产关系，促进了封建经济的发展。北魏孝文帝改革：实行均田制，推动了北方少数民族封建化进程与民族融合的进程。北宋王安石变法：推行方田均税法，一定程度上增加了政府财政收入。（2）简要分析这些改革把土地制度作为核心内容的原因国情：中国是农业大国；目的：无论是发展经济，增加政府财政收入，还是缓和社会矛盾，稳定社会秩序，都离不开土地制度的调整和变革二.北宋年间，面对严峻的民族矛盾和阶级矛盾，以王安石为首的有识之士在范仲淹“精贡举”的基础上，为实现富国强兵的目的，就如何选拔、培养国家急需人才，展开了激烈的争论。阅读下列材料：材料一(范仲淹)国家专以词赋取士，求有才有识者，十无一二。况天下危困乏人如此，固当教以经济之业，取以经济之才，庶可救其不逮。南宋 李焘续资治通鉴长编卷一百四十三材料二(苏轼)自唐至今，以诗赋为名臣不可胜数，何负于天下，而必欲废之?(王安石)今人材乏少，且其学术不一，朝廷欲有所为，异论纵然，莫肯承听，此盖朝廷不能一道德故也。故一道德，则修学校，欲修学校，则贡举法不可不举。今以少壮时正当讲求天下正理，乃闭门学作诗赋，及其入官，世事皆所不习，此乃科法败坏人才。(司马光)神宗罢赋、诗及诸科，专用经、义、论、策，此乃复先王令典，百世不易之法。但安石以一家私学，欲盖掩先儒，令天下学官讲解。及科场程式，同己者取，异己者黜。元 马端临文献通考 卷三十一请回答：(1)据材料并结合所学知识，范仲淹、苏轼、王安石、司马光对科举考试内容分别提出了怎样的主张？(4 分)文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 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ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9名师精编优秀教案(2)结合所学知识，材料二中司马光所学“以一家私学“欲盖掩先儒”指的是什么？它产生了什么样的影响？(4 分)(3)据材料二并结合所学知识，王安石兴学校、变科举的主要目的是什么？(2 分)三.阅读下列材料材料一养兵之费，在天下十居七八。张载集（宝元以后）募兵益广，宗室蕃衍，吏员岁增。故用度不得不屈。(仁宗时)承平浸(渐)久，势官富姓，占田无限，兼并冒伪，习以成俗，重禁莫能止焉。今盗贼一年多如一年，一火(伙)多如一火，天下祸患，岂可不忧?欧阳文忠公全集材料二（王安石）“善理财者，民不加赋而国用饶。”续资治通鉴长编卷3下材料三熙宁、元丰（宋神宗的年号）之间，中外府库，无不充衍，小邑所积钱米，亦不减二十万。（元）脱脱等撰宋史卷三百二十八安焘传（宋神宗熙宁六年冬十月）时在京诸军出戍还营，教阅多废忘。上初置内教场，训练有法，旬一御便殿，程其能否而劝沮之，人人奋励。（南宋）李焘续资治通鉴长编卷247 材料四上（明太祖）曰：“昔汉武帝用东郭咸阳，孔仅之徒为聚敛之臣，剥民取利，海内苦之。宋神宗用王安石理财，小人进竞，天下骚然，此可为戒。”太祖实录请回答：（1）据材料一，指出北宋中期朝廷面临的经济、政治危机？（3 分）（2）王安石为实现材料二中“民不加赋而国用饶”采取了哪些措施?（2 分）文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 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HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 ZE2E7C3X7K9文档编码:CU3Y10S4B4A1 HE5T9N8O6P3 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