仁爱英语八年级（下册）_语法复习练习.doc
. 仁爱英语八年级下册 语法复习练习一，系动词及用法。 大多数联系动词后面接形容词，seem后还可接不定式, be后可接副词、名词、介词短语等。联系动词和后面的表语一起构成句子的谓语。初中阶段常见的联系动词有be , look(看起来)，seem（似乎，好像），feel(感觉，感到)，sound(听起来)，smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），get(变)，become(变得，成为)，turn(变)，go（变），grow(变)，等。 表示变化的系动词的区别： 天气变化用get; 颜色的变化用turn; 由好变坏用go; 逐渐变化用grow; 好变坏、坏变好用become 或get;成为用become. 翻译下列句型： 1. 这朵花闻起来很香(sweet_ 2. 这种食物尝起来是可口的（delicious）_ 3. 她似乎很担心。_ 4. 她感到烦恼。_ 5. 这首歌听起来很优美。_ 6. 树木变得越来越绿。_ 7. 我感到失望。_ 8. 天气变得越来越暖和。_ 二，状语从句 1. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 2. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 3. Mary had _ much work to do that she was busy all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 4. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 15. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 6. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 7. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 1. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生都很喜欢她。 Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they all_ her very much . 2. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。 Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best. 3. 你一到就给我打个好吗？ Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai. 4. 虽然她很忙，她还坚持自学英语。 _ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself. 5. 他长大后想当一名老师。 He wants to be a teacher _ _ _ _. 6 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 _ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 7. 明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。 Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _ 三、宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的连接词 宾语从句是一种主从复合句，在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。根据宾语从句原先（做宾语之前）的句式，我们把宾语从句分为三类。 1）. 宾语从句原先是述句的，由that连接。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，可省略。He said. He wanted to stay at home. He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know. She is seriously ill. She doesnt know_I am sure . He will succeed. I am sure _. 2）. 宾语从句原先是特殊疑问句的，由其本身疑问词连接。连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know ？Who (whom) are they waiting for? Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? Can you tell me? Where is the No.3 bus stop ? _ I dont know. Why is the train late?_ 3）.宾语从句原先是一般疑问句的， 由if或whether。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。I want to know. Does he live there? I want to know if he lives there? He asked me. Was there a book store on Center Street? _ 2. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为述句（主谓式）的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.3. 宾语从句的时态 1） 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。 如： I dont think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2） 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3） 如果宾语从句所述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.宾语从句的口诀： 学习宾从要注意，时态语序和连词。 时态主从要呼应： 主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意。 主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去。 宾从所示表真理，时态不变不怀疑。 语序要用述序，切莫照搬疑问句。 That连接述句，省与不省要注意。 从句若表“是否”时，if/whether 要牢记。 特殊问句做宾语，仍用原来疑问词。 三个问题要记牢，切莫丢东又往西。 ( )1They want to know _ do to help us. A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they ( )2His teacher _ he _ bright and _ he was worth teaching. A. didnt think; was; that B. thought was; whether C. didnt think; was; × D .thought; wasn´t; × ( )3_ we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.引导词 1从句为述句，常选择引导词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 2从句为一般疑问句，常选择if或whether。在 whether or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑问代、副词作引导词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 2.判断时态情况 1主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。 2主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意；描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。 ( ) 1. The teacher told the children that the sun_ round. A. was B. is C. were D. are ( ) 2. I believe that our team_ the basketball match. A. win B. won C. will win D. wins ( ) 3. I dont know_ to visit the old man. A. whether B. if C. that D. who 3.宾语从句的用法 1that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外： (1)介词宾语从句的that不省略 (2)and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。 He told me (that) he had two sons and that they both had gone to college. (3)在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。 I heard it said that he had gone abroad We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time 2.Whether,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外： (1)whether从句中有or not (2)介词后用whether. Eerything depends on whether you agree with us 3宾语从句的语序要用述句语序 错: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. 正: He is wondering _ finish this difficult job. 4 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。 即否定前移。 错: I think he doesnt like the English teacher. . 正: I _ think he _ the English teacher. 5. 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；即主过从过。 错: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner. 正: He wanted to know _ _ _ crying in the corner. 宾语从句 从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。 1. I don't know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, I'll tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 3. Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _? A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means II. 按要求转换句型。 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子）Could you tell us _ Mr. Brown _ living in China? 2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） He asked me _ the girl _ some help 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _ Jim _Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _ the train _. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用notuntil改写) They _ go home _ they had finished their homework 6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday. 宾语从句专项训练参考答案： I. 15DDDCD 610ADDBD II. 1. ifwhether; enjoys 2. ifwhether; needed 3. Neither; nor 4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came四，形容词和副词比较等级： 21.In China families are becoming _ with _ children. A, small, few B, smaller, fewer C, smallest, fewest D, smaller, less 22.Why does she look so _? Did she hail in the exam again? A, interested B, exciting C, unhappy D, surprised 23.The boss tried to finish the work with _ money and _ people. A, less, fewer B, fewer, few C, few, less, D, little, less 24.Mike went to school today because he felt _. A, enough well B, good enough C, enough good D, well enough 25.Im sorry Im late. There is _ with my bike. A, anything wrong B, something wrong C, wrong anything D, wrong something26.Whats the matter with Tom? He looks _. A, unhappy B, hungrily C, sadly D, happily 27.Now Mr. Brown drives much _ than he did two years ago. A, careful B, carefully C, more careful D, more carefully 28.Is there _ in todays newspaper? A, something new B, new something C, any new things D, anything new 29.Which is _, cotton, wood or iron? A, heavier B, heaviest C, the heaviest D, the most heaviest 30.In my opinion, Tim doesnt write English _ his sister. A, as clear as B, so clear as C, more clearly as D, as clearly as 31.A: Is there _ in todays newspaper? B: Yes. A, anything important B, any important thing C, important anything D, any things important 32.He spoke _ for everyone in the class to hear. A, enough loud B, loud enough C, louder enough D, enough louder 33.Your idea sounds much _ than his. A, interesting B, interested C, more interesting D, more interested 34. Ships come and go on the river _ boats. A, as noisy as B, noisier than C, as noisily as D, much noisily than 35.The train travels at top speed. The underlined part means _. A, the best B, the tallest C, the fastest D, the farthest 词性变换： 1.Im afraid that I cant afford (负担) such an _ cell phone. (expense) 2.Dogs can help blind people walk across the street _. (safe) 3.Please read the test paper _ before you do it. (careful) 4.There are _ than 200 passengers on his plane. (much) 5.Here is a _ present for your birthday. (love) 6.He is not as _ to us as his sister. (friend) 7.You _ helped me a lot. Thank you very much indeed. (real) 8.The little girl was so _ when she saw the traffic accident. (frighten) 形容词、副词参考答案 21-30 BCADB ADDCD 31-35 ABCCC 词性变换：1.expensive 2.safely 3.carefully 4.more 5.lovely 6.friendly 7.really 8.frightened 五，动词不定式 基本形式：to+动词原形（肯定形式） Not to+动词原形（否定形式）特征：没有人称和数的变化。 常用句型： Its + adj (+ for sb） + to do sth. Too+ adj + to do sth. 动词不定式可以跟疑问词连用。 例如. I dont know what to do how to do it. 1. What do you want_(be) when you grow up? 2. The police officer told the boys_(not play) soccer on the road. 3. Tony asked his grandpa_(give) him a toy car for his birthday. 4. He decided_(make) decisions by himself from now on. 5. The workers plan_(build) the bridge in two years. 6. I am really sorry_(hear) that.7. Would you like something_(drink)? 8. His brother taught him_(play) basketball. 9. Li Yang advised me _（not drink） too much. 10. You need _(see)a doctor when you have headaches often. 六，常用的表达方式 1，关于花费： Sth.cost sb.+钱 Sb. spend+时钱 in、on sth.doing sth. It take sb时 to do sth. Sb.pay 钱 for sth. 1. I'm interested in animals,so I_every saturday working in an animal hospital . A. Pay B. cost C. take D. spend 2. They spend too much time_ the report. A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write 3. -What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive -No，they only_l0 yuan. Aspent Btook Cpaid Dcost 4. -Will you please for my dinner Peter? -Sure! A. spend B. pay C. cost D.take 5. It will _me too much time to read this book. A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay 6. This science book _ me a great amount of money. A. took B.cost C used D.spent 7.-Do you often get online? -Yes, I _ lots of time on it. Its a good way to kill time. A. cost B. spend C.take D. pay2，特殊疑问词+不定式。（what to dohow to do it） 3，表示方位的介词区别 In the + 方位名词 + of 指某一围的地区。（中国，） to the + 方位名词 + of 指互不接壤互不管辖的地区。（中国，日本） on the + 方位名词 +of 相互接壤但互不管辖的地区。（中国，尼泊尔） ( ) 1 The United States is _ the south of Canada and _ the east of Japan. A. to; in B. on; to C. in; beside D. at; on ( ) 2 The man stood_the window, watching the boys playing outside. A. in B. by C. to ( ) 3 Japan lies_ the east of China. A. on B/ to C. in D. with 4，目的状语从句。(同结果状语从句) Sothat 引导的状语从句。 So + adj. / adv. +that、so + adj. + an/a +名词单数+ that 如此以至于 用于引导主句导致的结果。 Such +n. + that.从句。 同样表示 如此以至于。 不同：so 后面接形容词或副词，such 后面接名词。 So that. 引导结果状语从句，表示 因此、所以。1她是如此的疲惫，以致于很快就睡着了。 She was _ she _ quickly. 2. 这是一本非常有趣的小说，以致于我读了三遍。 It was _ novel that read it three times. 3. 他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。 He runs _ nobody can catch up with him. 4. 玛丽有如此多的工作要做，以致于她整天呆在办公室。 Mary had _ to do that she stayed at her office all day. 5.Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. A. as B. that C. which D. where 6.His plan was such a good one _we all agreed to accept it. A. as B. that C. so D. and7. The book was written in _ easy English _ even students could understand it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that 8. Zhou Libo is good at making people laugh. His lively shows were _ hot that tickets sold out in minutes. A. very B. too C. such D. so9. - You study _ hard _ youre sure to pass the exam. - Thank you for saying so. A. enough; to B. as; as C. so; that 9
