2023年四六级翻译.doc

1. 官方网站样题2. 中国剪纸是一种独特的艺术形式，已有数千年的悠久历史。纸作为一种珍贵的商品始于汉朝。大多数可以获得纸并用于娱乐的人通常是皇家的贵族。在宋朝，剪纸者可以用剪刀把纸剪成大量不同的图案和不同风格的汉字，尚有一个年轻人甚至可以在他的袖子里剪汉字和花朵。现在，剪纸重要是装饰性的，装饰墙、窗户、门、镜子等。Chinese paper cutting is a unique art form and has a long history of thousands of years. Paper began as a precious commodity in the Han Dynasty. Most of the people with access to paper for entertainment were usually nobles in royal families. In the Song Dynasty, paper cutters could cut paper with scissors into a great variety of designs and characters in different styles, and a young man who could even cut characters and flowers inside his sleeve. Today, paper cuttings are chiefly decorative, which ornament walls, windows, doors, mirrors, and so on.3. 陕西是中华民族生息、繁衍的重要地区之一，也是华夏文明诞生、发展的摇篮之一。中国历史上最为辉煌的周、秦、汉、唐等十三个王朝曾在这里建都。丰富的文化遗存，深厚的文化积淀，形成了陕西独特的历史文化风貌。陕西历史博物馆被誉为“古都明珠，华夏宝库”，它是展示陕西历史文化和中国古代文明的艺术殿堂。Shanxi province is one of the important areas where Chinese nation lived and multiplied and it is also one of the cradles of the birth and development of Chinese civilization. It was the capital of 13 most glorious dynasties including Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang and so on. The rich cultural legacy and profound cultural heritage formed the unique historical and cultural features of Shaanxi. Shaanxi History Museum is known as “pearl of ancient capital and treasure house of China”, and its an artistic hall which displays Shaanxi history, culture and Chinese ancient civilization. 4. 元宵节是农历正月的第十五天，这是新年的第一次满月，象征着和睦和团圆。元宵节是春节的一个重要组成部分，也象征着春节长假的正式结束。关于元宵节的来历有很多传说。东汉时期，皇帝下令，在正月第一个满月的晚上，必须点亮灯笼，这也使元宵节更增添了一份意义。吃元宵是元宵节一个特别传统，而元宵节也因这种食物得名。Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. This is the first full moon of the new year, symbolizing harmony and reunion. Lantern Festival is an important part of Spring Festival, and marks the official end of the long holiday. There are many legends concerning the origins of Lantern Festival. In Eastern Han Dynasty, the emperor ordered that on the night of the full moon of the first lunar month, lanterns should be lit, adding yet another level of significance to Lantern Festival. Eating yuanxiao is one of the special traditions of Lantern Festival. Lantern Festival is also called Yuanxiao Festival.5. 七夕节指的是农历七月的第七个夜晚，这个节日是汉族传统的民间节日。七夕的晚上是传说中的"牛郎"和"织女"一年一度相会的夜晚。尽管七夕节不如像元宵节、端午节、中秋节等其它节日那般流行，但是在中国，男女老少都对节日背后的故事相称熟悉。在中国，许多人把"七夕节"当成中国的情人节。The Double Seventh Festival refers to the seventh night of the seventh lunar month. It is a traditional folk festival of the Han people. This night is not only the time when Niu Lang and Zhi Nv are supposed to have their annual meeting. The day is not as well-known as many other Chinese festivals such as the Lantern Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival and the Mid-autumn Day. But almost everyone in China, young or old, is familiar with the story behind it. The Double-Seventh Day in China is considered by many the Chinese Valentine's Day.6. 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经结识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充足结识到孩子掌握双语的好处既能增长他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，并且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，结识丰富的文化遗产。 An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. Chinas rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 7. 改革开放30 年来，随着中国逐渐崛起成为政治经济强国，海外人士学习汉语的现象与日俱增，海外孔子学院也成了人们学习中国语言和中国文化的首选之地。/ 通过学习汉语，他们对这个和自己文化大相径庭的古老文明产生了浓厚的爱好，并且有机会了解中国的哲学、艺术、医学、饮食文化，亲身体验这个文明古国的风采。/ 作为第二文化，中国文化也丰富了他们的生活和世界观。可以说，这个潮流方兴未艾。越来越多的学习汉语的美国人除了对中国菜肴赞不绝口之外，也在尝试针灸，草药和武术。/他们也看功夫电影，学习东方时装潮流和手工艺，不知不觉的在平常生活中谈及中国的点心，人参、银杏，乌龙茶等。目前在美国最热门的中国文化是道家学说和有着神秘色彩的风水学 。 As China is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture./ During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land, whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs. And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerable civilization./ As the second culture, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners. This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay. Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture , herbal medicines, martial arts./ They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts. Seemingly outlandish words such as dim sum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language. The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism, and ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement./ 8. 美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。/在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论是课堂教学的主旋律；而中国教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，编写千篇一律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。/美国人的政治观，经济观以及社会观的核心是个人道德自治观。中国传统的思想体系是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐。/现在，中美联系比以往更加紧密，中国人学英语，玩保龄球，吃肯德基，美国人学汉语，练功夫，吃北京烤鸭，泰坦尼克驶进中国，牡丹亭也在百老汇上演。/ American people emphasize efficiency, competition and originality while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members./In American schools, discussion is given top priority while Chinese teachers like to lecture in class,and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations. They write consistent and standardized teaching plans, and are happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents./Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral autonomy. Traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism, which sings high praises for communal harmony./Nowadays, the relation of China and America become closer than ever. Chinese learn English, play bowling, enjoy KFC, while Americans learn Chinese, exercise Kung Fu, like Peking Duck. And Titanic sailed into China, while The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway./ 9. 武术在我国源远流长，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。我们知道，一个民族的优秀文化遗产，不仅仅属于一个民族，它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富。/ 为了更好的推广武术运动，使其与奥运项目接轨，中国武协和国际武联做了大量的艰苦卓绝的工作。现在武术运动已被列为一种具有与保龄球运动和国际标准舞同等地位的奥运表演项目。/武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目自身的吸引力之外，初期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没。/老一代武术家在海外播种下了武术的种子，使武术这门既可以自卫又可以健身的运动不久就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武术大师已遍布世界各地，武术爱好者也与日俱增。/ Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times. It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As we all know, the fine culture of a nation doesn t belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity./ The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation (IWUF) have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement. Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event./ The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years./ Martial artists of the older generations have sown wushu seeds in foreign countries. Weshu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soom became popular on new lands. Today sperb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.10. 为了切实保护儿童权益，中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团队都建立了相应的机制，以监督、实行和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。/ 中国政府动员社会采用多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长，大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神，提倡团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。/ 中国民族素有“携幼”，“爱幼”的传统美德，中国古语“有无有以及人之幼”了流传至今。/ 我们要在全社会提倡树立“爱惜儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事”的公民意识，并努力为儿童事业的发展发明良好的社会条件。/ To effectively protect childrens rights and interests, chinas legislation, judicial and government departments concerned as well as non-governmental organizations have set up corresponding mechanisms to supervise, facilitate and promote the healthy development of the work on protecting children./ The Chinese government has done a great deal to mobilize various circles in society to care for, in various manners , the development of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasing self-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate the valued social virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid./ The Chinese nation has long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bring up the young” and caring for the young”. An old Chinese saying that “love our children and love others children in the same manner” is still very popular./ We should urge the society at large to raise the awareness of importance of “protecting and educating children, and setting a good example and doing practical thing for children”. We will spare no efforts to create favorable social conditions for the progress of child development programs./ 北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅 是平民百姓的生活环境，并且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保存下来。In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.故宫博物馆,前回家24明清皇帝,也被称为紫禁城。在142023完毕在明代,它占据了一个总空间超过720230平方米。除了复杂的固定宫建筑,故宫博物馆收藏超过150万件的文物或设立。超过8000人被指定为一级文物。他们分为以下几类:绘画、书法、拓片从平板电脑、铭文、雕塑、copperwares、瓷器、纺织品或刺绣,玉或石材制品,金银制品、珠宝、lacquerworks,搪瓷制品,雕刻,杂项handiworks、文具、平常电器、钟表、乐器、皇帝玉玺和证书的头衔授予、宗教文物,武器由仪仗队,古老的书籍,和外国的文物。The Palace Museum, former home to the 24 Ming and Qing emperors, is also known as the Forbidden City. Completed in 1420 during the Ming Dynasty, it occupies a total space of more than 720, 000 square meters. Apart from the complex of immovable palace buildings, the Palace Museum houses over 1.5 million items or sets of relics. Over 8,000 of them are designated as first-class relics. They fall into the following categories: paintings, calligraphy, rubbings from tablets, inscriptions, sculptures, copperwares, porcelain, textile or embroidery, jade or stone wares, gold or silver wares, jewelry, lacquerworks, enamel wares, carvings, miscellaneous handiworks, stationery, daily appliances, clocks and instruments, imperial seals and certificates of the conferring of titles, religious relics, weapons carried by guards of honor, ancient books, and foreign relics.