2022年高中英语阅读训练习题及答案3.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A words:311&225 The British National Health Service NHS was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals. Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor a GP, or General Practitioner who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitalsmany of which were built in the nineteenth century provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours. During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services for example, cleaning. At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 41. We can know from the first paragraph that _. A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didnt have to pay for health care since the NHS was set upC. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 42. What do we know about the NHS. 名师归纳总结 A. Its managed by the central government.第 1 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they _. A. take care of the local peoples healthB. often take part in competitions to see who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before 44. What does the underlined word “exempt ” probably mean.D. free A. suffering B. different C. prevented 45. The biggest problem for the NHS is _. A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some services are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D. there is not enough money for further reform 【答案与解析】4145 CCBDD 但由地方当局治理；建立国家保健中心的最初目的国家保健中心由中心政府直接负责,是为农村居民供应免费的基本健康护理,特别儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗；41. C；细节懂得题； 依据最终一自然段最终一句可知,建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民供应免费的基本健康护理,而不是针对全部的人,所以前两项错误；42. C；细节懂得题；依据第 4 自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe ” 可知；从其次自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中心政府直接负责,但由地方当局治理,所以 A 项错误；43. B；细节懂得题；依据最终一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients ” 可知政府勉励全科医生之间相互竞争,而不是让他们进行竞赛,看谁的医术高明；44. D；推测词义题； 前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费,再结合 but 一词可推 断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗；45. D；细节懂得题；依据最终一自然段最终一句可知；B 名师归纳总结 Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do,and home has 第 2 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked,canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant,the works canteen,and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home ,and his children rarely ,if ever,see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their fathers occupation,and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money,and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work ,but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual facto r in a childs home life,the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue ,but children lose something of great value if mothers employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school. 41. The writer mentions home as workshop because_. A. fathers often pursue employment at home B. parents had to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-life C. many families produce goods at home for sale D. both fathers and mothers and mothers in most families are workers 答案： B；细节懂得题；解析：从第一段可知；42. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means_. A. in the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past 答案：A；推理判定题； 解析：从第一句“ Parents have to do much less for their children today 名师归纳总结 than they used to do ,and home become much less of a workshop. ”和下文所述可知,过去日第 3 页,共 8 页常生活所需大部分都由自己做,“ 家” 就如a workshop 一样；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 43.The word“accrue” in the sentence “ When mother.accrue ,” is closest in meaning to _. A. change B. dwindle C. double D. increase ”答案： D；词义推测题；解析：从“When mother works, economic advantages accure.可判定出；44. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their fatheroccupation is_. A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children D. that children also like to have jobs outside 答案： C；推理判定题；解析：由“.in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money.” 可知答案；45. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family. A. With their earning , mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There are many choice of employment for mothers and children. C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to. D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now. 答案： A；细节懂得题；解析：见其次段“With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. ” ；C（words:190&203 ）Artificial 假的 flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers. In making such models, painstaking and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scientific world. In all, there are several thousand models in colored glass, the work of two artist-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph.The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - native to the United States. Although it was never completed. It contains more than seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models are kept in locked cases as they are too valuable and fragile for classroom use.51. Which of the following is the best title for the passage.A. An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers B. The Lives of Leopold and Rudolph C. Flowers Native to the United States D. Material Used for Artificial Flowers 52. It can be inferred from the passage that the goal of Leopold and Rudolph was to _.A. create a botanical garden where only exotic flowers grew B. do a thorough study of plant structure C. make a copy of one member of each United States flower family D. show that glass are more realistic than wax flowers53.The underlined word “it ”_.D. each flower familyA. the intentionB. the collectionC. one member 54. Which of the following is NOT included in the display at the Botanical Museum of Harvard University.A. Models of 164 families of flowering plants.B. Magnified details of flower parts.C. Several species of native birds.D. A group of diseased fruits.55. Which of the following statements is true of the flowers at Harvard University. A. They form a completed collection.B. They have a marvelous fragrance.C. They are loaned to schools for classroom use.D. They use authentic representations. 名师归纳总结 【答案与解析】5155 ACBCD 第 5 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 51.A ；细节懂得题；短文说明白美国the Botanical Museum of Harvard University保藏玻璃花的目的、保藏品的丰富、精致的细节等内容 作标题最合适；,所以用 An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers52.C；推理判定题； 依据其次段的 “ The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. 都复制一种；” 可知保藏的目的是把美国全部的花53.B；推理判定题；依据它前后的内容:目的是使保藏能代表美国的每一类花,尽管仍没有完成,只能是保藏仍没有完成；54.C；细节懂得题；信息来自其次段的内容,C 项的内容在其次段中没有提及,其他各项的内容都有相关的说明；55.D ；推理判定题；依据其次段的“Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure.” 可知这些玻璃花的每一个细节都制作得很精致 ,都是真实的再现；D（ words:163&195 ）Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaurant, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reasonable and the food was of good quality, but nobody seemed to want to eat there. Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentleman came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a menu 菜单 , The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. while the menu that he gave to the lady supplied a much higher price. So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous 大方 than he really was. 41. Why didnt people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat at first.A. Because the price was high. B. Because the food was too cheap. C. Because the food was not good. D. The passage didnt mention.42. According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly _. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. poor old people B. rich young people C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children 43. The difference between the two kinds of menu lie in _. A. the color B. the shape C. the price D. the food 44. According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant, the food was paid _. A. always by the ladies only B. always by the men only C. sometimes by the ladies D. either by the men or by the ladies 45. According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, _. A. men are more generous than women B. women are more generous than men C. men like their lady friends to be generous. D. women like their men friends to be generous 【答案与解析】4145 DCCBD A 篇：本文主要叙述 : 尽管 White Rose 餐馆价钱合理,饭菜也好,但很少有人光顾,店主为此想出了一条妙计,从今餐馆生意兴隆；41. D；推理判定题；依据第一自然段可知原文没有说人们为什么不到餐馆就餐,所以 答案为 D；42. C；细节懂得题； 依据其次自然段第 lady friends 可知答案为 C；43. C；细节懂得题；依据其次自然段1 句 his restaurant is always full of men with their The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. While the lady supplied a much higher price 可知答案为 C；44. B；推理判定题；依据最终一句So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was 可推断出答案为 B；45. D；推理判定题；依据原文可知侍者给男士的那个菜单价格合理,而给女士的那个名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 菜单价格却很高,但两种菜单表面上看却一样,这样女士就会认为她们的男友很大方,因名师归纳总结 此餐馆的这种做法很受男士欢迎,由此可知女人们喜爱自己的男友大方；所以答案为D；第 8 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -