2023年全国职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类.doc

2023年全国职称英语考试真题及答案卫生类（C级）第1部分：词汇选择（第115题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语有下划线，请为每处划线部分拟定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. We've been through some rough times together. A. long B. shortC. happy D. difficult 2. She gave up her job and started writing poetry. A. lost B. created C. abandoned D. took 3. Can you give a concrete example to support your idea? A. special B. good . real D. specific 4. In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy. A. changes B. drops C. reduces D. leaves 5. The police took fingerprints and identified the body. A. discovered B. touched C. recognized D. missed 6. If we leave now, we should miss the traffic. A. direct B. mix C. stop D. avoid 7. It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light.A. familiar B. wonderful C. largeD. new 8. I propose that we discuss this at the next meeting. A. suggestB. request C. demand D. order 9. The company has the right to end his employment at any time. A. offer B. continueC. stop D. provide 10. I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill. A. excited B. angry C. lost D. surprised 11. What are my chances of promotion if I stay here? A. retirement B. advertisement C. advancement D. replacement 12. We're happy to report that business is booming this year.A. failing B. risky C. open D. successful 13. We're seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues. A. quick B. regularC. great D. clear 14. The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village.A. found B. killed C. jailed D. caught 15. Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract. A. solve B. avoid C. mark D. involve 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：假如该句提供的是对的信息，请选择A；假如该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；假如该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Breast Cancer Deaths Record Low The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began. The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2023. The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s. Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK's chief clinician, said: "It'S incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often." " Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease." " The introduction of the NHS(国民保健制度) breast screening program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed. "Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45 ,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease-a 50% rise in 25 years. The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2023. There was a slight rise in 2023 and then two years of falls. Dr Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said: "It is great news that fe-wer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breastscreening and awareness of the disease. " " However, this is still too many women and incidence (发生率) of the disease is increasing year by year. " The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖) and alcohol consumption. 16. 11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2023.A. Right B. wrong C. Not mentioned 17. Breast cancer deaths began to be recorded in the UK in 1971.A. Right B. wrong C. Not mentioned 18. The rate of breast cancer diagnosis in the UK has been dropping. A. Right B. wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Breast cancer can come back 10 years after you were first diagnosed. A. RightB. wrongC. Not mentioned 20. Breast cancer is more common in the UK than in many other countries. A. Right B. wrong C. Not mentioned . 21. Fewer women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2023 than in 2023. A. Right B. wrong C. Not mentioned 22. Obesity and alcohol consumption may also lead to some other diseases. A. Right B. wrong C. Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完毕句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题规定从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第2730题规定从所给的6个选项中为每个句子拟定一个最佳选项。 Organ Donation and Transplantation 1 Organ donation(捐献) and transplantation(移植) refers to the process by which organs or tissues from one person are put into another person's body. 2 The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number of donors. About 3,700 transplant candidates are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, about 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the shortage of donated organs. 3 There are no age limits on who can be an organ donor. Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors. If you are younger than 18, you must have a parent's or guardian's consent (批准). If you are 18 years or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card. 4 Many people think that if they agree to donate their organs, the doctor or the emergency room staff won't work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save your life have failed. 5 If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list.Your name will become part of a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compared to the donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, size of the organ , medical urgency(紧急) of the patient's illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient(接受者) are considered. 23. Paragraph 2_. 24. Paragraph 3 _. 25. Paragraph 4 _. 26. Paragraph 5 _. A. Quality of donated organ B. Benefits of organ donation C. Distribution of donated organs D. Quality of donor medical care E. Age limits of organ donation F. Status of organ donation and transplantation 27. There is a great demand for _. 28. Organ donors range in age from newboms to_. 29. Doctors will try their best to save your life even if you've signed _. 30. Various factors are considered when deciding on _. A. donated organs B. the national waiting list C. a donor card D. senior citizens E. all possible efforts F. the most suitable candidate 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文回答其后面的问题，为每题拟定一个最佳答案。 第一篇U. S. Eats Too Much SaltPeople in the United States consume more than twice the recommended amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, govemment health experts said on Thursday. They found nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt diet of no more than l,500 mg per day, yet most consume closer to 3,500 mg per day. "It's important for people to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart-healthy eating pattem that includes a diet low in sodium(钠) and rich in potassium(钾) and calcium(钙) can improve their blood pressure, " Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement. " People need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake , " Labarthe said. The study in CDC's weekly report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than l,500 mg of sodium per day because they are black or over the age of 40-which are considered high-risk groups. Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 2023 - 2023 CDC estimate. Most of the sodium eaten comes from packaged, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply. Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5. 8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce these risks, the CDC said. 31. Too much salt raises one's risk for _. A. strokes B. heart attacks C. high blood pressureD. all of the above 32. The recommended sodium intake for most U. S. adults is _. A. closer t0 3,500 mg per dayB. as much as 3,436 mg per day C. no more than l,500 mg per day D. less than 3,500 mg per day 33. A heart-healthy diet is one that contains _. A. a low level of sodium B. a lot of potassium and calcium C. no salt at all D. both A and B 34. Nearly 70 percent of U. S. adults are in high-risk groups,_. A. for they are inactive B. for they are black or over the age of 40 C. for they frequently eat out D. for they consume sodium every day 35. Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be A. good in taste B. low in price C. poor in nutrition D. high in salt 第二篇Sino-Japan Animosity (敌意) LessensChinese and Japanese people view each other slightly more positively than last year, according to a survey released on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing. The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily and Genron NPO (非营利性的组织 ) , a Japanese think tank similar to the American Council on Foreign Relations. It also found overwhelming; a greement in both countries that Sino-Japanese relations were important The survey is a pan of the Beijing-Tokyo Forum, an annual gathering of senior govemment officials and representatives from Chinese and Japanese NGOs(非政府组织) designed to improve communication and understanding between the two countries. Conducted every year for five years now, the survey focused on two different groups of people:ordinary citizens, and intellectuals. In China, the intellectual group was comprised mainly of university students from well-known schools like Peking University. In Japan, the "intellectual" group was mainly made up of previous members of Genron NPO. Among ordinary Chinese polled, 35. 7 percent said they have "very good" or "relatively good" impressions of Japan, a 5. 5-percentage-point increase compared with last year. 45. 2 percent of Chinese students had a positive impression of Japan, two percentage points more than last year. Only 26. 6 percent of Japanese have a positive impression of China, however. Still, an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country said Sino-Japanese relations were "important" and wanted their leaders to deepen talks and cooperation with each other. But 51. 9 percent of ordinary people and 42. 4 percent of students in China said they saw no change in relations between the two countries over the last year. In Japan, 64. 8 percent of those ordinary people and 53.4 percent of intellectuals surveyed shared the view that there was no improvement in bilateral ties this year. Historical issues and territorial disputes remain two major obstacles to improving bilateral relations, the survey found. What concems the Chinese most are historical issues, visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine(靖国神社) , and the Nanjing Massacre(大屠杀) . Perceptions on economic and trade relations have improved, though. About 47 percent of ordinary Japanese said China had been "helpful" this year in fighting the global economic crisis, compared with just 30 percent last year. The percent of Japanese intellectuals who said Chinese economic growth was good for Japan increased from 65. 8 percent to 81.4 percent this year. Cooperation in East Asian issues, trade and investment, energy, and the environment and climate change top the list of common concerns that people in China and Japan want their leaders to talk about in bilateral(双边的) meetings, the survey found. Civil exchanges were regarded by the most people from the both countries as an important way to improve relations. 90. 7 percent of the students and 85. 7 percent of the ordinary people in China and 95. 8% of intellectuals and 74. 8% of the ordinary people in Japan viewed civil exchanges as " important" or " relatively important" . Chinese and Japanese both learn about each other's countries mostly through television news and newspapers, the survey found. 36. Which of the following statements about the survey is true? A. The survey was conducted on Wednesday at a press conference in Beijing. B. The survey is jointly sponsored by China Daily, Genron NPO and the American Council on Foreign Relations. C. The survey found that people in both China and Japan generally agree that the relationship between the two countries is important. D. The survey mainly focused on two different groups of people: ordinary citizens, and the university students. 37. According to the passage, the Beijing-Tokyo Forum . A. is held every year in Beijing B. aims at promoting communication between the two countries C. mainly attracts representatives from the governments of the two countries D. releases a survey on Sino-Japanese relation every five years 38. In the last year,_% of ordinary Chinese and_% of Chinese students have a positive impression of Japan. A. 35.7; 45.2 B. 51.9; 42.4 C. 5.5; 26.6 D. 30.2; 43.2 39. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the major obstacles to improving bilateral ties? A. Territorial disputesB. Trade frictions. C. Visits by Japanese officials to Yasukuni Shrine. D. The Nanjing Massacre. 40. The survey found that _. A. most Japanese had good or relatively good impressions of China B. the bilateral relationship was perceived as being improved over last year by the majority of respondents from the both countries C. an overwhelming majority of the respondents from each country believed that the Civil exchanges were an important way to improve relations D. the territorial issue ranked among the top list of common concems that people in both coun tries want their leaders to talk about in bilateral meetings 第三篇Holding on to hope may not make patients happier as they deal with chronic illness or diseases, according to a new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers. " Hope is an important part of happiness, " said Peter A. Ubel M. D. , director of the U-M Center for Behavioral and Decision Scie