2022年高考英语完形填空备考知识点全归纳.docx
精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载高考英语完形填空考点归纳完形填空考点归纳以下是对近十多年来高考完形填空难度变化的一点体会:高考考试说明对完形填空题型有以下规定:考生必需通篇考虑, 把握大意, 综合运用所学的词汇和语法等学问,选择正确答案; 我认犯难度变化总地来说, 有以 下两个特点:一、单纯的语法学问、固定搭配、惯用法、常用句型、词语辨异等趋于淡化;下 面仅以词语辨异为例总结如下:1、night/evening night 指 the time of darkness between evening and morning;而 evening 指 the time between sunset and bedtime. 2、know/learn/notice know 知道;熟识learn 听说;熟识到;明白notice 留意到3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noise sound 泛指各种声音cry,voice,shout一般都指人的声音noise 指噪音4、take place 预料中的发生; happen意料外的发生;occur 两者兼有What happened to(became of)you.你发生了什么事?5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervous anxious 希望的( eager);担忧的( worried )hurried 匆忙的 nervous 神经紧急的 6、admire/enjoy admire oneself自我观赏 enjoy oneself 玩得兴奋 7、fun/joke/trick fun 和 joke 都有开玩笑之意, fun 不行数,joke 是可数名词、 前面要加不定冠词 a play /a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑;a practical jokea trick 恶作剧;play a trick on sb. 戏弄某人;8、wonder/imagine/notice/examine wonder 想知道 ;imagine 想象; notice 留意到;examine 考查9、way/means/method means常用作单 方法;手段,工具 ; a means to an end达到目的方法; method 方名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载法、方法,与 way 可以替换使用;10、path/road/way path 小路;人行道 road大路 way 道路 the way to the station 11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tip idea 想法;看法 opinion 看法;见解 suggestion可数 advice 不行数 tip n.警告,提示;劝说 12、examine/check/search examine 检查;诊察;审查,目的在于想明白有关的情形;check 核实,检查,目的在于判定正误或是否正常;search搜查 13、usual/spare修饰 usual惯常的,平常的 spare闲暇的( free)14、instead/however 都作副词时, instead"而是 "含有某种对比, however"可是 "" 仍旧 "含有 "转折"" 让步 "的意思;15、lost/missing/gone都可表示 "丢失 ""不见了 " lost 可作定语;用被动语态; missing 和 gone 一般作表语 16、pour/drop pour 倒,灌; drop 使滴下,使落下 17、admire/inspire/support admire 敬佩 inspire 激励 support 支持 18、courage/spirit/strength courage士气 spirit 精神 strength力气 19、journey/travel/trip journey 长途旅行travel 广义的旅行trip 旅行(一次来回) a round trip 20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normal common 公用的;一般的ordinary 一般的;平凡的usual 平常的;惯常的( as usual)average平均的;一般的;平常的( an article of average quality 一般产品)regular 固定的;有规律的( the regular people生活有规律的人) normal 正常的(return to normal复原正常)21、develop/become 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载develop vt.养成;形成( form)become 变成( grow, turn, get等)连系动词 22、cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 说谎 23、small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱24、walk/step/march walk 走、步行 step 跨,踏 march(齐步)前进、行进、行军、游行25、out of step 步调不一样out of order 不整齐,出故障26、out of sight, out of mind(谚语)眼不见,心不想 27、suffering 苦难 trouble 麻烦 difficulty 困难 danger危急 28、remain/last remain 保持,仍旧 系动词 last 连续,连续 29、disturb/bother/trouble/interrupt bother one's head(或 brains)about 为 费脑筋 使我极担心的是 what troubles me most is disturb 打搅,扰乱,阻碍 interrupt 打断,打搅 Don't bother to care about others' matter.不要费心去管别人的事;30、possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的31、exercise 锤炼;练习practice 练习训练(业余的) training 训练(专业性强)懂得高考完形填空难度变化总结(2)二、敏捷的词汇意义以及上下文乃至全篇文章内容的懂得等更加强化;下面仅以 一些常用词在详细的上下文语境中的词义变化为例:1、opposite the window 2、sit still (still a.静止的,清寂的 adv. 静止地)the still smoking pistol 3、over one's shoulder 4、send children to bed(打发)孩子们上床睡觉 5、have(play, act)a part 参加 ;起 作用名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载6、miss one's part miss a step (miss v.错过 ;失去)7、The medicine didn't work (work v.(使)工作 ;(使)运转 ;起作用)8、make(the)tea 沏茶,泡茶 9、go to one's place(固定或指定的)位置,座位,席位 10、None of your excuse. Don't give me your excuse. 11、speak for oneselfin one's personal opinion 12、pick up sb 接某人; give sb. a lift 用车接某人 13、look out for 留意 14、be meant forbe intended for 准备使 成为 15、papers 报纸;试卷;论文;文件;契约;借据等 16、stand n.货摊 vt.容忍,忍耐( bearput up with)17、button(扣住) one's coatdo up(束起,整理齐整, 包好)the buttons of one's coat 18、get a very good idea ofbe familiar with19、call upremind sb. of20、share many experiencehave many experience in common 21、in this respect(way)22、introduce sb. to sth. 把某事介绍给某人 23、explain sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事 24、help oneself to 擅自带走;自用 25、It won't hurt to take an umbrella with you.带把伞去总没有坏处;26、pick up (1)He slipped and fell, but quickly picked himself up.(跌倒后) 使(自己) 爬起;(2)pick up a wallet 捡起、捡起(3)pick up some knowledge of physics(偶然地,无意地)获得(收益、生计、学问、消息)等(4)pick up a foreign language(未经听课等)学会外语(5)pick up a girl(非经正式介绍)任凭地结识(常指异性)(6)pick up the programme(依靠探照灯、雷达等)测知看到(在无线电里)听名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载到(7)pick up passengers(goods)(车辆等)中途搭(人)中途带(货)(8)pick up one's courage (复原精神;复原健康) He is beginning to pick up. (9)The train picked up speed. 加速(10)pick up a room 整理,整理(11)pick up a criminal 逮住(罪犯)(12)pick up the subject 重提(话题)总之,做完形填空题,了其大意,先易后难,瞻前顾后,通过直接示意、间接暗 示,前、后示意,层次、段落示意,规律、推断示意做题是特别关键的;当然,更重要的是扩大阅读面,增加阅读量,积存语言体会,培育语感才能;望大家反 复仔细阅读,对提高解答完形填空的才能大有裨益;【典型例题】分析高考题:文章的题目 Surfing:It's Not Just for Boys Anymore 明显地告知我们, 本文是关于 女孩子对冲浪运动的看法, 而且提出了一个很鲜明的观点: 冲浪运动并不再是男孩子的专利!女孩子也能做,而且会有所成就;Surfing: It's Not Just for Boys Anymore If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would _1_: surfing(冲浪运动) . But isn't that a boy thing. Some people _2_. Most certainly not. I started surfing about five years ago and_3_in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first _4_ was the best feeling I had ever experienced. When I try to _5_ surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my _6_, there's nothing like it. It involves(牵涉到) body, _7_, and soul. There's sand between my toes and cool, salt water all _8_ us. The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that _9_, becoming one with the_10_, is like I'm weightless. 名师归纳总结 1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize D. believe 第 5 页,共 9 页2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell 4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat 5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie 6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life 7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time 8. A. along B. above C. around D. by 9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake 10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean 解题分析:1. B 前后照料规律推理 词义比较 :假如你询问高中的女生们她们最喜爱的体育运动的名字,她们不是告诉( tell),赐予( give),意识到( realize),而是回答( answer)你询问的问题;2. A 常识运用规律推理词义比较 :先看语境:前一句的意思是"但是它莫非不是男孩子的事情吗.(意思是:这是男孩子的事情; )";后一句的意思是 "大多数人当然不 " ,由社会的实际情形和这两句的意思可以判定出,只是有一部分人(不太多)对此问题(前一句)不懂得( understand),不信任(believe),不能作出回答( reply),而纳闷、诧异( wonder),持怀疑态度,而大多数人却确定地认为:冲浪运动是男孩子的事情;3. D 固定搭配: fallbe in love with 种搭配形式;4. A 爱上 ,是固定结构,其它选项没有这常识运用:由于文章是在谈论冲浪运动,冲上第一个浪(wave)去是我经受过的正确感受,而不是暴风雨(5. C 固定搭配storm)、航海( sail)或船( boat);词义比较:作者想把冲浪运动和其他运动进行比较(compare);connect with 连接,联络,将 连起来; compare with 与 比较; tie up with 和 联系一起; bring 带来,引起,通常不与 with 连用;6. D 规律推理名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载常识运用:作者把冲浪运动当作了它的生活(life )的组成部分,她不仅仅只是在假期( holiday)里冲浪,当然工作( work)和学习(study)也不能耽搁; in my life 是"在我的生活中 ";7. A 常识运用词义比较:冲浪运动涉及到身体,智力、聪明(三个方面共同组成人的身心进展因素;8. C 常识运用 规律推理:在海洋里进行冲浪运动,身体的沿线(mind)和心灵、精神诸方面,这along),上面( above),旁边(by),而且身体的四周( around)都是凉快的咸水;9. B 常识运用规律推理:冲浪运动可能要经过沙滩(beach),有可能是在湖( lake)里,但它主要仍是脚踏冲浪板( board)在水( water)面上进行;10. D 常识运用 规律推理:冲浪运动是在大海、大洋中进行的,就有和海洋(ocean)融为一体 的感觉;【模拟试题】The one thing I can _1_ from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge(挑战) . You can never be the "best suffer" because the ocean _2_ an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some suffers are free and flowing; others are very aggressive(活跃有力的)and _3_. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it _4_ from any other sport. I've _5_ to tell every girl I know to do something that people don't think girls can do. It's part of being human to advance to new _6_, so shouldn't it be expected that girls should step up and start _7_ the limits of things boys and men used to dominate(主宰) . There're women _8_ side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys _9_ the football team or out in the water surfing. Give girls a chance to _10_, and they will. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1. A. take B. get C. make 学习必备欢迎下载D. keep 2. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects 3. A. sharp B. great C. hard D. calm 4. A. known B. right C. far D. different 5. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised 6. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts 7. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting 8. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working 9. A. of B. from C. on D. with 10. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel 参考答案 1. B:作者不是从其他运动,而是从冲浪运动中获得(get)了无止境的挑战的体会;再就,前文 The feeling I get when I'm surfing across that water,becoming one with the ocean也有示意; take from 削减,降低;get from 从 得到;make from 由 制造; keep from 阻挡,隐瞒,抑制;2. C 你永久也不会是最好的冲浪手,由于大洋出现、供应(offer)的是任何人都掌握不了的、数不尽的、各种各样的海浪;catch 抓住,捕捉; include 包括,包 含; offer 供应; collect 收集,集合;3. A 有些冲浪手自由悠闲、娴熟流畅,有些冲浪手就活跃有力、朝气蓬勃;留意这两个句子的并列关系,应当特殊留意free 和 flowing 之间词义的顺承和和谐 "自由而流畅 ",后句的 aggressive and_3_也应当是这样一种意义联系, 应选择 A,sharp 可以表示 "精明灵敏的,快速活泼,有力有为 aggressive的顺承和和谐相距甚远;"意思,其它三项在意义上与4. D 全部的这些都在吸引着我去冲浪,并使之不同于(different)其他运动;注意此段第一句 The one thing I can get from surfing and not any other sport is endless 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载challenge.也有所示意;(be)different from 和 不同;(be)far from 远离,远 非; known 和 right 通常不与 from 搭配;5. B 我尽力( try)地劝我所熟识的每一个女孩去做人们认为女孩不能做的事情;choose选择、选择; try 试图、努力; learn 学习; promise 答应、许诺;6. A 朝着新的水平( level)不断前进是人类活动的组成部分;level 水平,水准,标准,级别; point 点,尖端; step步调,步伐,步骤,措施; part 部分,局部;7. C 所以女孩子们莫非不应当拾级而上,开头冲破(push)男人们过去主宰的事物的极限吗? reach到达,伸出; accept 接受,认可; push突出,突破攻击; set 放置,树立,调整;8. D 在我们国家有女性和总统不仅仅一起坐(sit),步行( walk),战役( fight),而且并肩工作( work)着;同时留意句子的一般现在时意义特点,表示常常性的 行为;9. C 所以为什么女孩子不能够肩并肩地与男孩子一起踢足球,外出一起冲浪呢?介词 on 表示 "在 供职 "、"(是) 的成员 ",on the football team的意思是 " 是/成为足球队队员 ";10. B 给女孩子一个获得胜利 (succeed)的机会,让她们摸索(think),感觉(feel)表演( perform),她们就都会有所成就;名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 9 页