【2012版步步为“赢”导学案含2011中考真题】人教版八年级英语上Unit2SectionA.doc
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【2012版步步为“赢”导学案含2011中考真题】人教版八年级英语上Unit2SectionA.doc
UNIT 2 Whatt the matter?一、学习目标·学会身体各部位名称的英文表达方式。·学会表达身体的种种不适。·掌握谈论健康并给出建议的常用句型。二、知识概览图类别课程标准要求完成的内容必备单词名词:matter,cold,stomachache,hack,arm,ear,eye,foot,hand,head,leg,mouth,neck,nose,stomach,tooth,throat,toothache,fever,honey,dentist,headache,illness,advice,problem,medicine动词:rest,believe,get,stay,hear形容词:weak,western,Important常考短语whats the matter,have a cold,have a fever,have a sore back,have a stomachache,have a toothache,have a rest,stressed out,a few,at the moment,notuntil,lie down,see a dentist,go to bed early, too muchtoo many,a balance of,a balanced diet,host family,in many western countries经典句型1Whats the matter(with you)? 2Im not feeling well(1 dont feel well) 3I hope you feel better soon 4You should drink more water.You shouldnt go out at night 5Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle重点语法1用have表示患病的用法2使用情态动问should提建议来源:三、新课导入 四、教材精华SECTION A英汉对译Language Goals:·Talk about your health ·Give advice语言目标:谈论你的健康状况提出建议1a1c图片译文Whats the matter?怎么了? I have a cold.我感冒了。Whats the matter?怎么了? I have a stomachache.我胃病。I have a sore back.我背痛。Look at the picture. Write the correct letter a-mfor each part of the body.看图片,给身体各部位填上恰当的字母a-m k arm back ear eye foot hand head leg mouth neck nose stomach tooth k 胳膊 背部 耳朵 眼睛 脚 手 头 腿 嘴 脖子 鼻子 胃 牙齿答案链接 从左向右:c,g,i,m,a,l,b,f,d,j,h,eListen and look at the picture. Then number the names 1-5 边听录音边看图片,然后给下列名字标上数字15Nancy Sarah 1 David Ben Judy 南希 萨拉 1 大卫 本 朱迪 答案链接Nancy:3 David:2 Ben:5 Judy:4PAIRWORK 结对练习Look at the picture. What are the students problems? Make conversations.看图片,学生们的问题是什么?编写对话。A:Whats the matter? 怎么了?B:I have a sore throat. 我喉咙痛。2a2cListen and match the problems with the advice. 听录音,把问题和建议搭配起来。1fever发烧a1ie down and rest躺下休息2sore throat喉咙痛bhot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶3stomachache胃痛c see a dentist看牙医4toothache牙痛ddrlnk lots of water多喝水答案链接 2b 3a 4cListen againFill in the blanks. 再听录音,然后填空。图片译文I have a 1. sore throat. 我喉咙痛。You should drink some 2. . 你应该喝一些 。I have a 3. . 我 。You should 4. . 你应该 。I have a 5. . 我 。You should 6. . 你应该 。I have a 7. . 我 。You should 8. . 你应该 。答案链接2. hot tea with honey 3. toothache 4. see a dentist 5. stomachache 6. lie down and rest 7. fever 8. drink lots of waterPAIRWORK 结对练习 Role play the conversations in 2b. 分角色表演2b中的对话。A:Whats the matter? 怎么了?B:I have a toothache. 我牙痛。A: Maybe you should see a dentist. 也许你应该去看牙医。B:Thats a good idea. 好主意。Grammar Focus 语法聚焦Look !注意I has a headache.我头痛。You should go to bed.你应该去睡觉。shouldn't= should not不应该He has a stomachache.他胃痛。He shouldn't eat anything.他不应该吃东西。She has a toothache.他牙痛。She should see a dentist.她应该去看牙齿。3a4Fill in the blanks in the conversation. 填空并完成对话。A:What's the matter? 怎么了?B:I'm not feeling well. I have a . 我感到不舒服。我 。 A:When did it start? 什么时候开始的?B:About ago. 大约 前。A:Oh,that's too bad. You should . 噢,那太糟糕了。你应该 。B:Yes, I think so. 是的,我想是这样。A:I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你早日康复。PAIRWORK 结对练习Practice the conversation from 3a. Then use the picture below to make new conversations.练习3a中的对话。然后用下面的图片编写新的对话。GROUPWORK 小组活动One student mimes an illness. The other students guess the illness and give advice.一个学生模仿一种疾病症状。其余的学生猜一下是什么病并给出建议。A:What's the matter? Do you have a sore throat? 怎么了?你的喉咙痛吗?B:No,I don't. 不,我喉咙不痛。C:Do you have a headache? 你头痛吗?B:Yes,I do. 是的,我头痛。D:You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。Name名字Illness疾病Advice建议Liu Peng刘朋headache头痛lie down and rest躺下休息来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K内容详解 1a1c1. Give advice提出建议 advice是不可数名词,意为“建议,忠告,劝告”。常用短语有: give sbadvice给某人提建议 take one's advice接受某人的建议 listen to one's advice听从某人的建议 ask for one's advice征求某人的建议 He often gives us some good advice他经常给我们提出一些好的建议。注意表示“一条建议”时应说a piece of advice,而不能说an advice;“一些建议”最 some advice。中 考 链 接 【2011河南省】23.1 have some problems with my English writing. Can you give me some_? A. advice B. decisions C. information D. messages23.答案:A。考查名词。依据句意应该选A。句意:我的英语写作有困难,你能给我一些建议吗?【2010江西·南昌】36一What do you have _ for Paul? 一I think he should study harder than before Anews Badvice Chelp Dinformation答案B【解析】本题题意为“对于Paul你有什么建议吗?”“我认为他应该比以前更加努力学习一些。”news新闻,消息;advice建议;help帮助;information信息,由题意及解析可知答案为B。14(2009·通化中考) We need to come up with a/an _ and make a decision at once.A. information B. adviceC. idea D. news【解析】选C。information, advice和news三个单词都是不可数的,而idea是可数的,结合关键词a/ an可知这里要填可数名词的单数形式,故正确答案为C。2. Whats the matter?怎么了? (1)这是询问病人病情时最常用的问句,意为“怎么了?”,通常与介词with连用。 类似的问句还有: What's wrong?怎么了? What's wrong with you?你怎么了? What's your trouble?你怎么了? What's the trouble with you?你怎么了? What's up?怎么了?注意用此类句型时,matter前需加定冠词the;wrong前不加任何修饰词;trouble前可加the,也可加形容词性物主代词。 来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K(2)matter作名词时,意为“事情,问题,情况”;matter也可用作动词,意为“要紧;关系重大”,主要用于疑问句和否定句中。 There is a matter I would like to discuss with you 有件事我想和你讨论一下。 It doesn't matter if you're latewe'll wait for you 你来晚了也不要紧我们会等着你的。 3. I have a cold. 我感冒了。 have a cold伤风,感冒 have a sore throat喉咙痛have a bad cold重感冒 have a stomachache肚子痛;胃痛have a fever发烧 have a cough咳嗽have a headache头痛 have a toothache牙痛注意have a cold和catch a cold都可用来表示“伤风,感冒”,catch a cold侧重患感冒的动作,属于短暂的动作,不能与how long和for及since引起的时间状语连用。 “你感冒多长时间了?”“我感冒5天了。”正:How long have you had a cold?I have had a cold for five days。误:How long have you caught a cold?I have caught a cold for five days4I have a stomachache我胃痛。这是患病或身体某部位不舒服的一种表达方法。在英语中,表达“疼痛或不舒服”时常用的几个词有ache,sore,pain和hurt等。其用法总结如下:(1)“主语+havehas+a+病症”。 Jim has a bad cold吉姆患了重感冒。(2)“主语+havehas+a+sore+发病部位”。sore为形容词,故放在表示身体部位的名词前面,构成名词性短语。 I had a sore throat last week上周我喉咙痛。(3)“主语+havehas+a+部位-ache"。ache为名词,也可作后缀,常与表示身体部位的名词合成另外一个新词,表示身体某部位疼痛。 She has a toothache她牙痛。(4)“部位+hurt(s)”。hurt是动词,意为“疼,痛”,其过去式仍为hurt,表达某一具 体位置的疼痛。 My head hurts badly我头疼得厉害。 (5)“(there is)someting wrong with+one's+部位”意为“某人不舒服出了毛病”。 1 can't see anythingI think there must be something wrong with my eyes 我什么也看不见。我想我的眼睛一定出毛病了。 辨析:ache与sore(1)ache常指连续的、局部的疼痛,常和表示身体部位的词连用一起构成复合词。 headache头疼 toothache牙疼(2)sore常指因发炎而引起的肌肉疼,在表示自身的某部位疼痛时,常置于身体部位的名词之前。have a sore back背疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼2a2c1. lie down and rest 躺下休息(1)lie v.意为“躺,平卧”。 Don't lie down on the ground不要躺在地上。拓展 lie还有其他一些用法:动词,意为“位于”,其现在分词、过去式、过去分词分别是1ylng,lay,lain。 China lies in the east of Asia中国位于亚洲东部。动词,意为“说谎”,其现在分词、过去式、过去分词分别是lying,lied,lled。 She lied to us about her job她就她的工作向我们撒了谎。lie也可以作名词,意为“说谎,谎言”,tell a lietell lies意为“说谎”。 The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。 (2)rest在此处用作动词,意为“休息”。 P1ease sit down and rest for a minute请坐下来休息一会儿。拓展rest用作名词,意为“休息”。常用于短语takehave a(good)rest(好好) 休息。 You are tiredYou must have a rest你累了,你必须休息一下。rest还可作“其余”讲,the rest of意为“其余的”。 The rest of the students are boys其余的学生是男生。 2hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶 with在此句中是“有,带有”的意思,表示某物带有或具有某种特征。介词短语 with honey作hot tea的后置定语。 a coat with four pockets有4个口袋的外套 a book with a blue cover一本蓝色封面的书 You must do the work with more care你工作一定要再细心些。拓展 with作介词,用法很多,常见的还有: (1)意为“和一起”,表示伴随。 I 1ike to talk freely with my friends我喜欢和朋友们一起自由交谈。 (2)意为“用”,表示使用“某种工具、手段”等。 Cut it with a knife用刀把它切开。 (3)意为“关于,对于,对来说”,表示关系等。 Are you pleased with the result?你对这个结果满意吗? 3. Maybe you should see a dentist. 也许你应该去看牙医。should为情态动词,后接动词原形,其否定式为shouldn't,用来表示建议、要求等。其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。You shouldn't go out at night你不应该在夜里外出。拓展在英语中,常见的表达建议的方法有: (1)Let's(do)!让我们(做)吧! Let's go to the movies!让我们去看电影吧! (2)HowWhat about doing?做怎么样? HowWhat about drinking some hot water?喝些热水怎么样? (3)Why not(do)?为什么不(做)呢?来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K Why not come a little earlier?为什么不早点来呢? (4)Would you 1ike to do?你愿意做吗? Would you like to play soccer with us?你愿意和我们一起踢足球吗? (5)Shall we(do)?我们(做)好吗? Shall we go swimming this weekend?这个周末我们去游泳好吗? (6)You'd better do你最好做You'd better do your homework first你最好先做作业。 4. He shouldnt eat anything 他不应该吃东西 notanythingnothing,因此此句还可表达为:He should eat nothing辨析:something与anything (1)二者均属于不定代词,指代某物。 (2)something通常用于肯定句中;anything则通常用于否定句和疑问句中。 I have something important to tell you我有一些重要的事情告诉你。 I don't like anything我什么也不喜欢。(3)在表示委婉的邀请、请求、建议或希望得到肯定答复时常用something。来源:Zxxk.Com Would you 1ike somethlng to drink?你想喝点东西吗?3a41. I'm not feeling well我感到不舒服。 (1)Im not feeling well(I don't feel well)是当自己身体感到不舒服时的常用语,常用来回答Whats the matter with you?“你怎么了?” (2)well的用法 well在此句中为形容词,意为“身体好的,健康的”。 How are you today?你今天怎么样? I'm very well我很好。 另外,well还可用作副词,意为“好地”,修饰动词。 Jack plays the plano very well杰克钢琴弹得非常好。(修饰动词play) well作名词,意为“井”,well water井水。来源:Zxxk.Com中 考 链 接 38. 【2011广西柳州】The flowers smell _. A. well B. badly C. good答案C【解析】考查形容词的用法。smell当“闻起来”讲是联系动词,后接形容词作表语,well, badly都是副词,故选C。(2010·山东烟台)This kind of T-hirt looks and sells .Anice;well Bnice;good Cwell;well Dgood;nice解析:本题考查形容词和副词的用法。题中1ook是系动词,形容词用在系动词后作表语(1ook nice“看起来很好”);sell是实义动词,副词修饰实义动词(sell well“卖得很好”)。故选A。 答案:A 2When did It start?什么时候开始的? start为动词,意为“开始”,与begin同义。 School starts at eight学校8点开始上课。辨析:start to do sth,与start doing sth来源:Zxxk.Com两者都表示“开始做某事”,但在以下三种情况中通常用start to do sth,而不用 start doing sth。 (1)主语是“物”而不是“人”时。The ice started to melt冰开始融化了。 (2)start本身为-ing形式时。He is just starting to write the letter他刚刚开始写那封信。 (3)其后的动词与想法、感情有关时。 She started to understand it.她开始明白这件事。3About ago大约 以前。 ago用作副词,“以前”,常用于一般过去时。辨析:ago与before(1)“时间段+ago”,表示的时间以现在为基准,“若干时间以前”,常用于过去时。 I met him two days ago我在两天前遇到过他。(以现在为基准) (2)before可用作介词,后接时间点,表示“在某具体时间之前”。before five o'clock 5点钟以前 before class上课以前before后还可以接地点,表示“在的前面”,before me“在我面前”。4.Yes,I think so.是的,我想是这样。 so adv.认意为“这样;如此”。常与动词连用,以避免重复。常与so连用的动词有 say,think,speak,tell,hope,believe,do等。 Don't you think so?你不这样认为吗? I don't think so我认为不是这样。Is he ill?他病了吗?Im afraid so恐怕是这样。If so,Ill go instead of him如果是这样,我就替他去。 It was his duty to do so这样做是他的职责。注意在hope,belleve等后面用so表示肯定,用not表示否定。 I belleve so我相信如此。 I belleve not我相信不会这样。 5I hope you feel better Soon我希望你早日康复。 (1)you feel better Soon是一个句子,作hope的宾语,可以由连词that引导。但由于that在句子中不作任何成分,可以省略。 I think(that) you are right我认为你是对的。 (2)hope意为“希望”,用于表示有可能实现的愿望,其后可接动词不定式,即hope to do sth,意为“希望(自己)做某事”。若表达“希望”则需用"hope+that从句”。不能用hope sbto do sth句型。 1 hope to go to Tibet some day in the future 我希望将来有一天去西藏。(接动词不定式) I hope that you can study harder我希望你会更加努力地学习。(接宾语从句)辨析:hope与wish hope想,希望;宾语都可以是to do sth,不能是doing sthhope for+名词,可实现的希望来源:Z。xx。k.Comhope+that从句,希望,陈述语气wish来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&Kwish for+名词,难以实现的愿望wish+that从句,愿望,虚拟语气注意可以说Wish sb.sth.或wish sb. to do sth.,不能说hope sb.sth.或hope sb.to do sth.。 I hope you will be better soon我希望你能很快好起来。 I wish I were ten years younger但愿我自己能年轻10岁。 We wish you a happy new year!我们祝你新年快乐! 6illness n疾病,身体不适;其形容词形式是ill(病的;生病的)。 a serious illness一种重病 illnesses of children儿童疾病 Some children are away from sehool because of illnesses一些孩子因病不能来上学五、跟踪训练 I. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词1. What's the m with him? He looks terrible.2. I'm not f well today.3. Could you give me some a ?4. I have a toothache. I should see a d .5. He has to stay in hospital for a few days because of his i . 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词1. 你应该躺下休息。You should and .2. 你想喝加蜂蜜的热茶吗?Would you like ?3. 他肚子疼,他不应该吃任何东西。He has a stomachache. He eat .4. 也许你应该多喝水。Maybe you should drink .5. 我希望你妈妈很快好起来。I hope your mother soon. 答案速梯. 1. matter 2. feeling 3. advice 4. dentist 5. illness. 1. lie down,rest 2. hot tea with honey 3. shouldnt,anything 4. lots of water 5. feels better六、学后反思