记忆英语单词方法20种及中考分类复习 (2).doc

记忆英语单词方法20种人们通常认为掌握一门外语要过三关（语音关、词汇关、语法关），斩六将（听、说、读、写、译），相对来说，掌握英语单词是最难过的一关。英语的词汇量大，总词汇量至少在60万以上，实用词汇量为8千至1万，基本词汇量为4千。 一般的说，掌握英语单词没有什么捷径可走，但我们可以选择一些不同方法来记忆英语单词，下面介绍20种记忆英语单词的方法。1.逻辑记忆：通过词的本身的内部逻辑关系，词与词之间的外部逻辑关系记忆单词。1)把几个字母看作做一个来记 如："ight" light, right, fight, night, might, sight, tight 2)外旧内新，如：bridge “桥”看成 b+ridge ridge "山脊”sharp 看成 s+harp harp "竖琴。3)外新内旧，如：cleave “劈开”看成 c+leave, tact "机智：看成 t+act 2 联想记忆：1)音与形的联想，即根据读音规则记忆单词。2)形与义的联想，如：eye 把两个e看成两个眼。banana 把a看成一个个的香蕉。bird 把b和d看成两个翅膀。3)象声词，联想实际的声音，如：gong 锣 coo 咕咕声。3.分类记忆：把单词进行分门类 如：动物，植物等，进行分类记忆。你可以找一本分类字典作为参考。4.卡片记忆：自制作单词卡片随时随身进行记单词，卡片写上单词的词形、词性、词义、音标、搭配、例句等。5.感官记忆：记单词时，不要只用一种感官，尽可能地用多个感官，耳听、嘴读、手写、眼看、心记等。6.软件记忆：有电脑的可利用电脑软件进行记单词，如：开心背单词、开天辟地背单词、我爱背单词等。7.构词记忆：利用构词法，通过分析词根、前缀、后缀、派生和合成等记忆单词。8.图表记忆：利用形象的图表进行记忆，它的优点是意、形、物直观的结合到一起。你可以找一本英语图解字典作为参考。9.游戏记忆：通过自己和集体做游戏在轻松愉快的气氛中进行记忆单词，你可以参照笔者主页上的“英语游戏”。10.歌曲记忆：通过唱英语歌曲记忆单词，“听霸”“听力超人”等软件中有许多英文歌曲，并配有歌词和译文。11.阅读记忆：通过阅读英语文章，小说等记忆单词，注意选择难度要适宜。12.同义记忆：通过同义词一起进行单词记忆，可确切理解词义，这时不必注意它们的意义的区别。13.反义记忆：通过反义词一起进行单词记忆，扩大了词义。14.词典记忆：即背字典，这种方法是一种强行记忆的方法。它的缺点是容易忘记，只是孤立记住单词的意义。可以作为一种短时间的强化手段。15.复习记忆：单词记住了，很快会忘掉，每个一段时间要进行复习，巩固所学单词16.商标记忆：通过看到的商标和广告随时随地进行记忆单词。17.比较记忆：1)英汉比较 如：mama, cigar, beer, bar,fee等。2)单复数的比较 如：good-goods, spirit-spirits wood-woods 3)同音词的比较 如：right-write, eye-I 4)词的阴阳性的比较 如：actor-actress host-hostess 18.理解记忆：通过正确理解单词的本义、引申义和比喻义等如：second 是“秒”，它来源于古代的六分法，分，秒，它是二次划分， 因此second 也是“第二”，进一步引申，还可理解为“辅助”用这种方法特别适合那些一词多义的词。19.联系记忆：记忆单词最好不要孤立地记，尽可能地和有关的东西联系来记。1)联系所学的文章大概意义，联系上下文，2)联系短语和搭配20.综合记忆：记忆单词最好综合利用多种方法，而不只是一种，利用各自的优点。目 录第一讲 动词时态专题训练 第二讲 单项填空专题训练第三讲 短语填空专项训练第四讲 定语从句专题训练 第五讲 阅读理解专题训练 第六讲 完形填空专题训练第七讲 短文填词专题训练第八讲 英语写作专题训练第九讲 综 合 练 习 一第十讲 综 合 练 习 二第十一讲 综 合 练 习 三第十二讲 综 合 练 习 四第一讲 动词时态专题训练 一、动词用法概述：中考常考查的六种时态为：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时，过去进行时。常考查的题型有选择填空等。判断时态一是根据时间状语，二是根据上下文。在选择填空中还要注意词义的辨析。语态分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时及含有情态动词的被动语态。动词的非谓语形式有to do, doing, done 三种形式。其中动词不定式是考查的重点，它在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和定语。二、中考试题演练：A. 03, 04年中考选择填空题中的动词考题1. Our team theirs by the score 21 in the final football match. A. wonB. hitC. beatD. failed2. Ive heard of the story. It funny.A. looksB. tastesC. feelsD. sounds3. Digital cameras are becoming more and more popular, but some still too much.A. payB. spendC. takeD. cost4. Most of us wondered if Wang Nan could Zhang Yining in the final match. A. beatB. winC. hitD. fail5. Such a large house with a garden is my favorite, but I cant it. A. spendB. costC. payD. afford6. We want to play basketball after school. Would you like to us?A. inviteB. playC. getD. join二、动词填空200041. My father is very busy. He (go) to work early every morning.2. Doctors often tell us (drink) more water every day. 3. Where is Jim now? He (water) some flowers in the garden.4. Chinese writing brushes (make) of bamboo and animals hair.5. Whats your plan for the coming holiday? I (visit) Beijing if possible. 6. A big ship for another country (produce) in Dalian last year. 7. Mr. Green is an engineer. he (work) in China for about two years. 8. They (talk) about the TV play when I came into the room yesterday.9. The medicine must (keep) away from children. 10. Jack (begin) to write a book about his journey two weeks ago. 20031. The USA (attack) Iraq in March, 2003.2. My brother likes English very much, and he (practise) reading every morning. 3. The old car (produce) in Germany in the 1960s. 4. Young people usually (prefer) pop music to traditional one. 5. After two hours discussion, the manager decided (end) the meeting. 6. Qiangdao is one of the best places for (surf) in China. 7. If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world (become) much more beautiful. 8. The door of the classroom must (lock) after school. 9. Mrs. Green (hang) some beautiful lights to decorate the Christmas tree now. 10. Linda (change) a lot since she entered Harvard University. 三、动词用法课堂练习：1.Nice to meet you. I_(not know) you_(be) here. When_ you_ (come) here?2.Look!The woman in red_(talk) to our mother.3.Jim usually_(go)to bed at seven,but he_(go)to bed at 8:00yesterday evening.4.My father_(not watch)TV every evening. He_(read) the story -book.5.-Where is Dr.Sun?-She_(go)for a walk.She_(go) out five minutes ago. -When_he_(come)back?-In half an hour.6.So far,more than 100 thousand people_-(visit)the International Horticulture Exposition(世界园艺博览会）。I think there_be)more people to come to Kunming in 2003.7.They_(have)a football match if it_(not rain) tomorrow.8.More and more greenfruit and vegetables_(sell) in the market now.9.I can't mend the washing machine. Uncle Wang should_(send)for at once. Sorry, he isn't in. He_(drive)to see his sister. He_ (tell)to go there a week ago.10.I_(buy) a coat yesterday. It_(make )of wool. It can_(use)for _(keep)warm. I_(show) it to you if you come to my home this evening.11.I have left your watch upstairs. I_(go) and get it back for you.12.Great changes_(take) place in China since 1985.13.I don't know if he_(come) this evening. If he_(come),I_(call)you at once.14._you ever_(speak) to a foreigner before?15.Look! My bag _(wear) out. It must _(mend).16.You may fall behind your classmates if you _(not work)hard.17.The students often _(water) the young trees. They_(plant) last year.18.Lin Tao always_(play) with something in class, but now he_(listen) to the teacher carefully every day.19.The boy can't_(fly) his kite now. The wind_(blow)strongly.20.Our classroom is clean and tidy, It_(clean)every day.21.I_(not hear) from him since he_-(leave) China.22.It's half past four. They_(Play)games on the play ground.23.Clothes_(must wash) when they_(be)dirty.24.I_(give)the letter to peter as soon as he_(get)home later.25.So far the sheep_(lie) there for two days. I think it_(die).A vet must_(send) for at once.26. Where is Kate? She_(go) to the playground_(look)for her watch. When_she_(come)back? She_(not come)back until it _(find).27.Don't make any noise. The children_(sleep).They_(not wake)up until their parents come.28.I_(not want)to go to Shenyang again .I_(be)there several times.29.The teacher said that the moon_(travel)around the earth.30.Neither you nor he_(be) to Huangshen.31.Old people should_(take) good care of.32.Sheldon_(know) as a great American writer.He_(write)about ten stories in the last two years.33.-When_the tree_(plant) in the garden? -I_(not see)it last night. How straight it_(be).34.My father_(not bear) when the PRC_(found).35.-Where's my dictionary?-Li Ping_(take) it away.36.-I_-(buy) a colour TV set._I_(not tell)you about it? -When and where_you_(buy) it?37.The Greens_(get) ready to fly to England for their holiday. They_(leave) in an hour.38.Most people who_(live) in less developed countries are quite poor.39.Jim's Dad hates to drink coffee that_(have) milk in it.40.People who _(use) credit cards to buy things online should be very care ful.41.Jim said he_-(tell) he failed in the maths exam.42.He_(come)back in 1969. and_(live) here ever since. 第二讲 单项填空专题训练一、 试题特点及解题思路点拨: 单项填空题一般都在考卷的最前面，单项填空题的形式看似简单，但几乎道道暗藏玄机，要拿满分相当困难，因此掌握一些实战的方法和技巧很有必要。把基础语法知识放在一定的语境中考查是近几年中考的一大鲜明特点，体现了英语知识重在灵活使用的原则。这种试题需要根据上下文来揣摩命题人所设定的语言交际的真实情景，利用所给出的相关信息，抓住解题的关键。例如:1. They _the train until it disappeared in the mist.A. saw B. looked C. watched D.noticed 这四个词都有“看”的意思，但只有watch有“注视”之意。2.Tom is _ a little boy that he cant carry_ many things.(哈尔滨)A.so, so B.so, such C.such, such D.such, so答案是Dso与such都有“如此”之意，名词前通常要用such来修饰，但名词前有many 或much等表数量的词时只能用so。3. He found_difficult to get to sleep at night.A.this B.it C.that D.them有些动词如find, believe, think后接不定式作宾语时，若其后有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后，即“find/believe/think+it+形容词+to do sth”。答案是B。4There is going to _ a meeting next week. A.have B.has C.be D.hold答案是C易误用短语have a meeting。此句是there be 句型。5-_did it _the conductor to check the tickets this morning? -Half an hour.A. How soon, take B.How long, cost B. C.How often, spent D.How long,take 根据答语可选定How long, 再进一步读句子可知这是”It takes sb. some time to do sth.”句型, 因此选D。二、 课堂练习：单项填空: 选择最佳选项填空1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ .A.am not invited B.wasnt invited C.havent invited D.didnt invite2.A talk on Chinese history_ in the school hall next week.A.be given B.has been given C.will be given D.will give3.These books_ out of the reading room. You have to read them here.A.cant take B.must be taken C.can take D.mustnt be taken4.You may go fishing if your work_. A.is done B.will be done C.has done D.have done5.The sick girl _ to the hospital at once.A.must send B.must be sent C.sent D.send6.-What do you think of the football match yesterday?-Well. Its surprising. The strongest team of our school_.A. was beaten B.won C.scored D.was failed7. -Dont you think you should paint the wall?-Who would _?A.see B.look C.watch D.notice8.-I forgot to bring my notebook.-_. You can borrow some paper from me.A.Help yourself B.Im sorry C.No problem D.So careless9.The _now is that we have lots of _to ask.A. problem, questions B.question, problems C.question, problem D.problem, question10.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia.A.to, to B.in, to C.to, in D.in, on11.You _go and ask Meimei. She _know the answer.A.must, can B.must, may C.need, can D.can, may12.Im sorry youve missed the train. It _ 10 minutes ago.A.left B.has left C.had left D.has been left13.-I dont know if his uncle_.-I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A.will come, comes B.will come, will comeC.comes, comes D.comes, will come14.-Its too hot. Would you mind _the door?-_. Please do it now. A.to open, OK B.opening, Certainly notC.opening, Of course D.to open, Good idea15.We are told _everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean and tidy.A.not to make much noise B.to throw waste paperC.to draw D.not to spit16.I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _ it for two weeks.A.keep B.borrowed C.have kept D.have left17.Im sure our football team will _the team from No.3 Middle School. A.win B.fail C.lose D.beat18.After finishing your paper, look it over to _ there are no mistakes. A.find out B.try out C.make sure D.think about19.A little boy ran into the grass _ a ball, but he couldnt follow it.A.beside B.behind C.before D.after20.They do eye exercises twice a day, so _ of them _ glasses.A.few, put on B.few, wear C.a few, put on D.a few, wear21.-Wheres Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.-You _find him. He _ Japan.A. may not, has gone to B.may not, has been toC.cant, has gone to D.cant, has been to22. Li Xin thinks Yao Ming is becoming the most famous basketball player in the world. _. A.So am I B.So do I C.So I do D.So I am23.Cotton _ nice and soft. A.is felt B.is feeling C.feel D.feels24.-Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _?-No. She got up too late.A. had she B.hadnt she C.did she D.didnt she25.-Youd better not go out now. Its raining.-It doesnt matter. My new coat can keep _rain. A.in B.of C.with D.off26.We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _.A.us B.our C.ours D.ourselves27.English people _use Mr before a mans first name.A.never B.usually C.often D.sometimes28.-Which is the smallest number of the four?- _ .A. Two-thirds B.A half C.A quarter D. Three-fourths29.-How often do you have history lessons?-_, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.A. Every day B. Every other day C. Every three days D. Every few days30、The UN first set aside(设立)_in 1993. This years theme（主题）is Water for the Future.A. World Sleep Day B. World Health Day C. World Water Day D. World Meteorological（气象）Day.31、More than 400 million people in the world speak English _their first language.A. as B. of C. for D. in32、We Chinese people are all _ our motherland.A. famous for B. proud of C. busy with D. good at 33、I thought English was very difficult last term. But with the teachers help I find it _now.A. much difficult B. more easily C. more difficult D. much easier34、-Hi, Tom! Hows your father?-Oh,_.A. He doesnt feel well B. Hes very kind C. He is at work D. He is no longer young35.There will be a talk _English learning in our school this afternoon.A. for B. on C. in D. with36、Can you_ the answer to the question?A. look for B. look C. find out D. search37、I cant find my book _.A. nowhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. anywhere38、It seems that he has got_ to show us. Lets go and enjoy it.A. interesting something B. something interesting C. nothing interesting D. anything interesting39