2022年九年级英语上册重点语法归纳总结.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载九年级英语重点语法Unit 1 1. 动词不定式1做定语 后置The best way to learn English is reading aloud. The fastest way to travel is by plane 2与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I need a pen to write with. I don t have a partner to practice English with. I need some paper to write on. 2. I don t have a room to live in.动名词1作主语（谓语为第三人称单数）Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little. 记流行歌曲的词也起作用；Swimming is good for our health. 2作宾语在动词 keeppracticefinish enjoyhatebe busymind 后只用 ing 作宾语Eg. We should keep speaking English in class. He often practices singing in the morning. I have finished reading the book. Would you mind opening the door. 3 作定语I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets Unit 2 1. used to 过去经常做某事 ,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态 . 后跟动词原形 . 否定形式为 : didn t use to 或 use not to / usednt to 疑问形式为 : Did use to . 或 Used to . Eg. I used to be really quiet. I didn t use to like tests. Did you use to play the piano. Yes, I did./ No, I didn t. =Use you to play the piano. Yes, I use. / No, I use not. You used to be short, didn t you. Yes, I did./ No, I didn t. 2. wear 表示状态 . put on 表示动作 . dress + 人 给某人穿衣服 . 3. on the swim team on 是 的成员 ,在 供职 . 4. Don t you remember me. 否定疑问句 . Yes, I do. 不, 我记得 . No, I don 是的 , 我不记得了 . be afraid of 深. 5. be terrified of 可怕的程度比 6. miss: 思念 , 思念 例: I really miss the old days. 错过 , 未中 , 未赶上 , 未找到 . 例: I m sorry that you miss the bus. 7. no more 用在句中 =not any more 用在句尾 指次数 ; 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载no longer 用在句中 =not any longer 用在句尾 指时间 . 8. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot. 9. afford + n. /pron. afford + to do 常与 can, be able to 连用 . 例: Can you afford a new car. His mother couldn t afford to pay for her child s education. 10. alone = by oneself 独自一人 . lonely 孤独的 , 孤寂的 . 11. in the last/past + 一段时间during the last/past + 一段时间与现在完成时连用. 12. die v. dead adj. death n. dying 垂死的 Unit 4 宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语；由连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 构成常由下面的一些词引导：由 that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says that he is at home. 他说他在家里；由 if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义 带有是否、已否、对否等 I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜爱鱼；由 连接代词、连接副词 疑问词 引导 表示特别疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy. 从句时态要与主句一样你知道他想要买什么吗？当主句是一般现在时,从句依据情形使用任何时态 He says that he is at home. 他说他在家里； I dont know that she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌；She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业； Do you know when he will be back. 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态 一般过去时 , 过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时 He said that he was at home. 他说他在家里； I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌；She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业；Did you know when he would be back. 【重点语法】1. 情态动词表示估计：你知道他将会什么时候回来？（1）must 常用于确定句中, 意为“ 准是、 肯定”,它表达的确定程度最大,可以达到 100%；（2）could、might、may 的意思是 “ 可能、 或许”,表示估计, 它们所表达的确定程度较低,这三个词相比 may 的可能性稍大一些；他们的确定程度在 20%至 80%；（3）cant 的意思之“ 不行能” ,它相应的确定形式是 must；它的可能性为 0% ；（4）must、could、might 和 cant 的后面可用一般现在时、现在进行时,表示对现在的动作、状态或正在进行的动作的估计；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载例： He might/could be playing basketball now. 他现在可能正在打篮球；Im sure that she cant stay at home.我确信她不在家；He must be walking in the garden. 他确定在花园里漫步； 2. 现在完成时态 由 have/ has 过去分词常与already, just , 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果yet , ever, never 连用 如： Have you finished your work yet？你完成了你的工作了吗？ 表示过去已经开头,连续到现在的动作（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状态连用如：（过去某一动作,以及 how long ）或状态和表示过去某一时刻连续到现在 for + 时间段, since + 时间点,或注：非连续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的确定句连用；应转为相应的连续性动词如：buy- have die- be dead join - be in borrow- keep leave- be away I have bought a pen.- I have had a pen for 2 weeks. The dog has died.- The dog has been dead since last week. have has been to + 地点去过某地已经回来have has gone to + 地点去了某地没有回来have been in + 地点始终呆在某地没有离开过Unit 9 被动语态.被动语态的构成形式 be+Vt.p.p. 一.语态是英语动词的一种形式,是用于表示主语和谓语之间的关系；英语语态分为主动语态 active voice和被动语态 passive voice两种；主动语态是表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态是表示主语是动作的承担者；二被动语态的基本时态变化如：1Yesterday I parked my car outside the school. 2A sound of piano is heard in the hall. 在被动语态的句子中,谓语部分的结构是be+Vtp.p. 及物动词过去分词；其中be 是变量,随时态的变化而变化；动词的过去分词是常量,永久不发生变化；当然,这只是指谓语部分而言； be 动词作为一个独立的谓语动词有自己现在分词being和过去分词 been；那么,下面我们来看看be 在各种时态中的变化形式：被动语态通常为八种时态的被动形式；以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为：1am/is/are+done过去分词 一般现在时 2has/have been done 现在完成时 3am/is/are being done 现在进行时 4was/were done 一般过去时 5had been done 过去完成时 6was/were being done 过去进行时 7shall/will be done 一般将来时 8should/would be done 过去将来时 .一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态；只有在下列情形中我们才用被动语态：名师归纳总结 英语里被动语态的使用好像比汉语要广泛；英语的被动语态常用在以下的场合：1当我第 3 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载们不知道动作的执行者的时候,如：away. 2.My car has been moved. 1.Look.There s nothing here.Everything has been taken 2当我们不必提出动作的执行者的时候,如：I was born in 1960. 3当我们强调或侧重动作的承担者的时候,如：.特别的被动结构She is liked by everybody. 1带情态动词的被动结构：它的固定句式为“ 情态动词 +be+过去分词” ；也有个别带 to的情态动词例外, 如：ought to 和 have to,它们的被动结构就只能在不定式中；例如：The debt must be paid off before next month 那笔债务必需在下个月前付清；2带有两个宾语的主动语态变成被动语态将这种主动态的句子完成被动态的句子,可选两个宾语中的任何一个作为被动态句子的主语,而将另一个宾语作为“ 保留宾语” 写入被动态的句中；但有一点要说明,那就是,如果你选直接宾语作“ 主语” ,有时要在被动态句子的“ 保留宾语” 前加上合格的介词；由于这些动词常有两种句式,即：我们可以说give sb.sth.,send sb.sth.,buy sb.sth；我们也可以说give sth to sb,send sth to sb buy sth for sb；请看下面两种情形的对比：She sent me a novel on my birthday. I was sent a novel on my birthday. A novel was sent to me on my birthday. 3关于带有复合宾语的主动态变成被动态假如将带有复合宾语既：宾语 +宾语补足语 的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子,我们只能挑选原先句子的宾语作被动语态句子的主语；成被动语态句子的“ 主语补足语” 了；The story made us laugh.宾语补足语 而这时, 原句里的宾语补足语现在就变We were made to laugh by the story. 主语补足语 4在使役动词 have,make,get 以及感官动词 see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略, 但变为被动结构时,要加 to；Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“ 动词+介词” ,“ 动词 +副词” 等,也可以用于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开；其中的介词或副词也不能省略；例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday. 6非谓语动词的被动语态；v+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态一般时态和完成时态；例 ,I don t like being laughed at in the public.There are two more trees to be planted. Unit 10 过去完成时一.过去完成时由“ 助动词 had+过去分词” 构成；二.过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作；它表示动作发生的时间是“ 过去的过去” ；He said he had been to Hainan before.他说他以前去过海南；三.过去完成时“ 过去的过去” 的表现形式；1.可以用 by,before 等构成的短语来表示；eg：By the end of the match ,they had kicked two goals. 直到竞赛终止的时候为止,他们踢进了两个球；We had reached the station before ten o clock. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载在十点钟以前,我们已经到达了车站；2.也可以用 when, before,after 等引导的从句来表示；eg：When I got there,you had already started playing the match. 当我到那里时,你们已经开头竞赛了；Wang Lin had mended the radio before his brother returned. 王林在他弟弟回来以前就已经把收音机修好了；3.通过宾语从句或通过上下文示意；eg：He remembered that he had seen the book.他记得他曾读过这本书；He said he had handed in his composition. 他说他已经把作文上交了；We did as he had told us.我们按他说的做；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页