2022年小升初形容词副词.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载形容词和副词 一 形容词1.修饰名词,描述其性质、品质、特点等的词；一般“ 的” 的词都是形容词；如： She is a beautiful girl. 美丽的 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语；book,在句中作定语 如： I have an interesting book. interesting 好玩的,修饰We are happy today. happy 欢乐的,在句中作表语 Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.clean 洁净的, tidy 洁净的,在句中都作宾 语补足语 3. 多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列次序 限定词 +外观类 +外形 +年龄 +颜色 +国籍 +材料 +名词（简记：县官行令色国才）如： a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个 17 岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩；the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌；二 副词：1. 通常修饰动词,表示动作的程度、方式等；仍可修饰形容词、副词,有时修饰整个句子,在句中作状语；一般“ 地” 的词都是副词；如： You must listen to the teacher carefully. 认真地,认真地 2. 副词的分类1 时间副词 : now, today 等2）频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2 地点副词： here, there, upstairs, downstairs 等3 方式副词： carefully, fast, well, politely 等4 程度副词 : much, little, quite 等5 疑问副词 : how, when, where, why 等三 形容词转化成副词1. 一般在形容词后加 ly, 如： quick-quickly 2. 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的形容词,变 y 为 i, 加 ly, 如： happy-happily 3. 以 ue 结尾的形容词,去 e 加 ly, 如： true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性,如：fast, hard, high, late, far 等,它们的词性只有通过详细语境来判定；另外,有些以ly 结尾的词不是副词,而是形容词,如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等；四 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载1. 比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式,如 tall-taller, well-better 2. 最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式,如 long-longest 3. 比较级和最高级的变化规章：规章变化（单音节和少数双音节）：a. 在词尾直接加 -er/est, 如： short-shorter-shortest b. 词尾是 e,只加 -r/st, 如： nice-nicer-nicest c. 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的,变 y 为 i 再加 -er/est, 如： happy-happier-happiest d. 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母,再加-er/est, 如： big-bigger-biggest e.其他双音节词和多音节词,其前加more/most, 如： more/most delicious 不规章变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）词义原级比较级最高级好good/well better best 坏bad/badly/ill worse worst 多many/much more most 少little less least 远far farther/further farthest/furthest 五形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法：1. 原级的用法：用于两者之间对比,意思为“ 和 相同” 相当于 the same as确定句： A+动词 .+as+形容词 /副词原级 +as B Tom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter. 否定句： A+ 动词 .+not as/so.+形容词 /副词原级 +as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one. 2. 比较级的用法 : 1）A+动词 +形容词 /副词比较级 +than+ B Susan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary 注：形容词 /副词比较级前仍可以用much, even, still, a little , far, a lot, a bit 来修饰；2）数字（倍数）+形容词 /副词比较级 +than I m two years older than you.Our classroom is twice bigger than yours. 3）比较级 +and+比较级,表示“ 越来越 ”名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载The earth is getting warmer and warmer. 4）the +比较级, the +比较级,表示“ 越 , 就越 ”The more, the better. 越多越好；（多多益善）3. 最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较 ,最高级前加 the,最高级前有物主代词,序数词和名词全部格时,不加定冠词,后面跟带 in 或 of 表范畴的短语；1）one of the +最高级Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 2）比较级句型表达最高级意义A+动词 +比较级 +than+any other+B 单数 如： The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. A+动词 +比较级 +than+the other+B 复数 如： The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China. 以上两句意思相当于：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 随堂演练（满分 100 分）一、写出以下形容词或副词的比较级、最高级 23*1 分=23 分 old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_ strong_ big_ small_ fat_ thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ _ low_ high_ slow_ fast_ late_ early_ far_ well_ 二、依据句意填入单词的正确形式：（23*1 分=23 分）1. My brother is two years _oldthan me. 2. Tom is as _fat as Jim. 3. Is your sister _young than you. Yes,she is. 4. Who is _thin,you or Helen. Helen is. 5. Whose pencil-box is _big,yours or hers. Hers is. 6. Marys hair is as _long as Lucys.7.Ben _ jump _ high than some of the boys in his class. 8._ Nancy sing _ well than Helen. Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ tall as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _big than _ she. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载11.Which is _heavy,the elephant or the pig. 12.Who gets up _early,Tim or Tom. 13._the girls get up_early than the boys.No,they_. 14. Jim runs _slow. But Ben runs _slow.15.The child doesnt_write as _fast as the students. 三、小小翻译家： （62*0.5 分=31 分）1、谁比 Jim 年纪大？是你；_ is _than Jim ？_ are. 2、谁比 David 更强壮？是 Gao Shan. _ _ than David. Gao Shan _. 3、谁的铅笔更长,他的仍是她的？我想是她的；_ pencil is _,_or_ ？_is,I think. 4、谁的苹果更重,你的姐姐的仍是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的；_ apples _ _,your _ or your _. My _ _. 5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的；_ _as _as your uncle.Yes,I am. 6、他和他的伴侣 Jim 一样年轻；He _ as _ as _ _ Jim. 7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不,她比他瘦；_ _ as _ as_ twin _. No, _ _ than him. 8.Yang Ling 每天睡得比 SuYang 晚；Yang Ling _ to _ _ than Su Yang every day. 9.我跳得和 Mike 一样远；I _ as _ as Mike. 10.Tom 比你跑得快吗？不是的 ,他和我跑得一样快；_ Tom _ _ than you.No,he _. He_ as_ as_. 11.多做运动,你会更强壮；_ more exercise,you ll _ _ soon. 12.我的科学很好,但是语文不好；I _ _ at Science.But I dont _ well in Chinese.13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不,我比他放得低；_you_the kite_than Wang bing.No,I_it _than_. 14.我喜爱游泳；我全部的伴侣都游得比我慢；I like_.All my_ _ _than me. 15.我的姐姐起得比我早；My_ _ up _than me. 16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的；_the girls_ _ _the boys. Yes,they _. 17.她不善于体育；但我跳得没有她高；She doesn t _ in PE. But I dont _ _than_. 18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不,他们踢得和我一样好；_ you _football _than your classmates.No,they_as_as me. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 五、选词填空（18*1 分=18 分）精选资料欢迎下载1. My sister is getting _. A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter 2. They are _to us than before. A. friend B. friendly C. more friendly D. friendier 3. Jack is the _ boy _our class. A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of 4. It is not _ warm _ yesterday. Put on more clothes. A. so . on B. so. in C. as .at D. as. as 5. Hangzhou is one of _cities I have visited. A. beautiful B. beauitifulier C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful 6. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives _of all. A. slower B. the slowest C. faster D. the fastest 7My sister is a _ girl. A good Bwell C very 8一Is it your toy taxi. 一 No. _ its hisA May be BMay CMaybe 9_ are you. I m _, thank you AWhat； good B How ；fine CWhat；fine DHow ；good 10一 Can you help me. _. A Yes BExcuse me CCertainly DHow 11The grass around my house is Very_ A. black Bblue C green 12The sky is _. The c1oud is _ A blue；red Bred；brown Cblue；white 13The child is _ kind A much Bvery much Cvery 14一 Could I use your pen ,please. _. A No BCertainly CExcuse me 15I _ go to School at 8 ：00 amA very Bmuch Coften 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载16I have an _ doll. A old beautiful Bbeautiful o1d Csmall old 17Mr Wang is a _ teacher. A. tall old English B. English old tall C. old tall English 18Oranges are _A purple Bblue Corange 课后练习 一、按要求写出以下单词的比较级和最高级1.good_ _2.thin_ _3.heavy_ _ 4.happy_ _5.long_ _6.little_ _ 7.far_ _8.careful_ _9.slow_ _ 10.well_ _11.low_ _12. beautiful_ _ 13.large_ _14.famous_ _15. delicious _ _ 16.interesting _ _ 17.important _ _ 18.cheap_ _ 19.easy _ _ 20.high_ _ 二、依据句意,用所给形容词或副词的正确形式填空1.Jim works_hard, but his brother works_hard than him. 2.Its much_hot today than yesterday.3. Mr Smith is the_rich man in this office. 4. This match is _exciting of the three. 5.My mother is the _busy in my family. 6. Beijing is one of the_beautiful city in China. 7. This book is _interesting than that book. 8. Which goes_quick, the bus or the car. 9. Look. His hands are_ big than mine. 10. I think you do these things_ well than your classmates. 11. Whose bag is_ heavy , yours or mine. 12. Does Jim run as_ slow as David. Yes, but Mike runs _ slow than them. 13. I m very_ thin , but shes_ thin than me.14. My eyes are _big than _ she. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载25. My brother is two years _old than me. 三、单项挑选题1. Which subject do you like_, maths or English. A.good B.better C.well D.best 2.This red rose is _of all flowers. A.beautifuler B.much more beautiful C.the most beautiful D.beautiful 3.My book is newer than_. A.he B.his C.our D.we 4.He is_student in his class. A.good B.better C.the best D.best 5.Look. The bee_than the bird. A.fly higher B.is flying higher C.as high as D.flies higher 6.His hens are _and fat. A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest 7.She knows_about history than most people. A.more B.much C.most D.many 8.It was really an_story. A.afraid B.excited C.exciting D.worried 9.Which city is _from here, Beijing or Shanghai. A.far B.farther C.farthest D.the farthest 10.This building is _that tree. A.so tall as B.as tall as C.so tall as D.as taller as 五、挑选正确的词填空；Sarah is 12 years _ old,older.She is one year _ older,oldest than me.But I am 0.1 meter _ taller, tallest than her.She studies in Guangzhou interational Shool.She studies the_ harder,hardest in her class.Everyone likes her.Yesterday ,she was ill.She took some medicine and she feels _ good,better now. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页