2022年小学英语语法-四大时态.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载四大时态复习1. 一般现在时（1）一般现在时的构成（确定句） be动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩； 行为动词：主语 +行为动词 +其它 ；如： We study English.我们学习英语； 当主语为第三人称单数 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 "-s"或"-es"；如：Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜爱汉语；（2）一般现在时的变化 . be动词的变化；否定句 ：主语 + be + not +其它；如： He is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑问句 ：Be +主语 +其它； 如： -Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特别疑问句 ：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： Where is my bike. .行为动词的变化；否定句 ：主语 + don't doesn't +动词原形 +其它 ；如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句；如： He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句 ：Do Does +主语+动词原形 +其它；如： - Do you often play football. - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句；如： - Does she go to work by bike. - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特别疑问句 ：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： How does your father go to work. *动词+s 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如： study-studies 2. 现在进行时（1）一般现在时的构成：beam,is, are+ 动词的 ing 形式；如： I am reading. 我正在读书（2）现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not,即 beam,is, are + not + 动词的 ing 形式；如： She is not doing her homework now. 她现在没有做作业；（3）现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首,即 Beam,is, are + 人 + 动词 ing形式；如： Are you drinking milk now. 你现在在喝牛奶吗？（4）现在进行时的特别疑问的基本结构为：疑问词 + be + 人+ 动词 ing. 如：Where are you going. 你现在去哪？但 who 当主语时其结构为： Who + be + 动词 ing. 如：Who is talking to you. 谁在和你说话？*动词加 ing 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加ing,如： cook-cooking ing,如：2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加run-running, stop-stopping 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载3. 一般将来时（1）一般将来时基本结构： be going to + do（动词原形）；will+ do （动词原形） . （2）否定句 ：在 be 动词（ am, is, are）后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont；结构为： beam, is, are + not + 动词原形 will not + 动词原形 will not = won t 例如： Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. I will go shopping this weekend. I will not go shopping this weekend.= I won t go shopping this weekend. （3）一般疑问句 ：be 或 will 提到句首, some改为 any, and改为 or,第一二人称互换；例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend. I will play football tomorrow afternoon. Will you play football tomorrow afternoon. （4）特别疑问句 问人用 Who 例如： Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 问干什么用 What do. 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 问什么时候用 When. 例如： Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed. 4. 一般过去时（1）确定句 be 动词在一般过去时中的变化： am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was；（was not=wasnt）ed） are在一般过去时中变为were；（were not=werent）行为动词在一般过去时的句子中要变成过去式（一般是在句子后面加（2） 否定句 ：be 动词变成was notwasn t 或 were not werent 如： He wasn t a teacher two years ago. didnt +动词原形如： Jim didnt go home yesterday. （3） 一般疑问句 有 be动词的一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首；如： Were you a teacher two years ago. 句中没有 be动词的一般过去时的句子 如： Did Jim go home yesterday. ,在句首加 did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形；（4）特别疑问句 ： 疑问词 +did+主语 +动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday. 疑问词是 who 时：疑问词 +动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday. * 动词过去式变化规章：一般在动词末尾加 -ed,如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 结尾是 e 加 d,如： taste-tasted 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 -ed,如： stop-stopped 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾的,变 y 为 i,不规章动词过去式：再加-ed,如： study-studied am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 【随堂练习】一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、根据要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.改为否定句 _ 2. I do my homework every day.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 3. She likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作确定回答 _ 4. I like taking photos in the park.对划线部分提问 _ 5. John comes from Canada.对划线部分提问 _ 三写出以下动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ shop_ 四、句型转换：get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ 1. They are doing housework .改成否定句 _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . 改一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答 _ _ 3Im playing the football in the playground .对划线部分进行提问 _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . 对划线部分进行提问 _ 五填空；1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛 . 我想去打篮球；What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday. I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday. I _ play basketball. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是,她要去买一些水果；_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _. Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们准备什么时候见面；What time _ you _ _ meet. 5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 6. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them. 7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school. 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 对划线部分提问 _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 七写出以下动词的过去式fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ 八、句型转换1. It was exciting. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 3. They were in his pocket. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 4. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 5. Nancy went to school early. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 6. We sang some English songs. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页