2022年小学英语语法知识及习题.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载一、名词复数规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以 “辅音字母 +y” 结尾,变 strawberry-strawberries y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： family-families, 4以“ f或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如： knife-knives 5不规章名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出以下各词的复数 I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 二、一般现在时名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特点、 状态；如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色 的；2.表示常常性或习惯性的动作；如：天六点起床；I get up at six every day.我每3.表示客观现实； 如：The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳 转；一般现在时的构成 1. be 动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩；2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 +其它；如：We study English.我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 "-s"或"-es"；如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜爱汉语；一般现在时的变化1. be 动词的变化；否定句：主语 + be + not +其它；如：He is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑问句： Be +主语 +其它；如：-Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： Where is my bike. 2.行为动词的变化；否定句：主语 + don't doesn't +动词原形 +其它；如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 He doesn't often play. doesn't构成否定句；如：一般疑问句： Do Does +主语+动词原形 +其它；如：- Do you often play football. - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句；如：- Does she go to work by bike. - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如：How does your father go to work. 动词+s 的变化规章 1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母 +y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、 写出以下动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often has_have dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One. 3. We _not watch TV on Monday. 4. Nick _not go to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _like the World Cup. 6. What _they often _do on Saturdays. 7. _ your parents _read newspapers every day. 8. The girl _teach us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _take a walk together every evening. 10. There _be some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _like cooking. 12. They _have the same hobby. 13. My aunt _look after her baby carefully. 14. You always _do your homework well. 15. I _be ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _go to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _do not like PE. 18. The child often _watch TV in the evening. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载19. Su Hai and Su Yang _have eight lessons this term. 20. What day _be it today. It s Saturday. 三、依据要求改写句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.改为否定句 _ 2. I do my homework every day.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 3. She likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作确定回答 _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 5. We go to school every morning.改为否定句 _ 6. He speak English very well. 改为否定句 _ 7. I like taking photos in the park.对划线部分提问 _ 8. John comes from Canada.对划线部分提问 _ 9. She is always a good student.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.改为否定句 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载_ 五、改错 划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上 1. Is your brother speak English. 2. Does he likes going fishing. _ _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作；2现在进行时的确定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加 not；4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首；5现在进行时的特别疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing. 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 动词 ing. 动词加 ing 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加ing,如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,再加 ing,如： run-running, stop-stopping 双写末尾的辅音字母,名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载现在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ drawa picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ singin the classroom . 3. My mother _ cook some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ do now. 5. Look . They _ have an English lesson . 6.They _not ,water the flowers now. 7.Look. the girls _dance in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing. She _listen to music. 9. It 5 oclock now. We _havesupper now10._Helen_wash clothes. Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .分别改成一般疑问句和否定句 _名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载_ _ _ 2The students are cleaning the classroom . 改一般疑问句并作确定和 否定回答 _ _ _ _ 3I m playing the football in the playground . 对划线部分进行提问 _ _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . 对划线部分进行提问 _ _ 四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事；句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year ,soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等；二、基本结构： be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在 be 动词（ am, is, are）l 后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - not 成 wont；学习必备欢迎下载例如：I m going to have a picnic this afternoon.ot going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句：be 或 will 提到句首, some改为 any, and改为 or,第一二人称互换；例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend. 五、对划线部分提问；一般情形,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况；1. 问人；Who 例如：I m going to NewYork soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2. 问干什么； What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3. 问什么时候；When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed.六、同义句： be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛 . 我想去打篮球；What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday. I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday. I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是,她要去买一些水果；_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _. Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们准备什么时候见面；What time _ you _ _ meet. 改句子；5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 6. I ll go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them. 7. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 名师归纳总结 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）第 10 页,共 32 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载_ _ she _ _ _ after school. 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.同上 _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow. 用所给词的适当形式填空；11. Today is a sunny day. We _ have a picnic this afternoon. 12. My brother _ go to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often _go to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ go to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends. I usually _ watch TV and _catch insects. 15. It s Friday today. What _she _ do this weekend. She _ watch TV and _ catch insects. 16. What _ d0 you do last Sunday. I _ pick apples on a farm. What _ do next Sunday. I _ milk cows. 17. Mary _ visit her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao _ fly kites in the playground yesterday. 19. David _ give a puppet show next Monday. 20. I _ plan for my study now五、一般过去时名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用； 一般过去时也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作感谢；2be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was；（was not=wasn）tare在一般过去时中变为were；（were not=weren ）t带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are一样,即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not,一般疑问句把 首；3句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子was 或 were 调到句否定句： didn 动词原形,如： Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形；如：Did Jim go home yesterday. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday. 疑问词当主语时：疑问词 +动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday. 动词过去式变化规章：1一般在动词末尾加 -ed,如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d,如： taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末 尾的辅音字母,再加 -ed,如： stop-stopped 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载4以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加-ed,如： study-studied 5不规章动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 过去时练习写出以下动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_ draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_ do _ Be 动词的过去时练习（ 1）Name _ No. _ Date _ 名师归纳总结 一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空第 13 页,共 32 页1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ students two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、句型转换 1. It was exciting. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 2. All the students were very excited. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 3. They were in his pocket. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ Be 动词的过去时练习（ 2）Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空名师归纳总结 1. I _ an English teacher now. 第 14 页,共 32 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. 学习必备欢迎下载 She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Children 二、句型转换All the students _ very excited. 1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 肯、否定回答： _ 三、中译英 1我的故事书刚才仍在手表旁边；_ 2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧房里了；_ 3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟；_ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 32 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载行为动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No. _ Date _ 一、用行为动词的适当形式填空 1. He _ live in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat _ eat a bird last night. 3. We _ have a party last Halloween