最新庭院深深深几许38PPT课件.ppt

庭院深深深几许庭院深深深几许3838蝶戀花庭院深深深幾許?楊柳堆煙，簾幕無重數。玉勒雕鞍游冶處，樓高不見章臺路。雨橫風狂三月暮，門掩黃昏，無計留春住。淚眼問花花不語，亂紅飛過鞦韆去。語譯：良人玉勒雕鞍，在舞榭歌臺留連的身影只能在此遙望想像。此刻雖然獨倚高樓，卻望不見那縱樂放情的青樓之地。未及女子自身的處境，先宕開一筆：玉勒雕鞍游冶處，是丈夫所在。樓高不見章臺路：詞中女子獨處高樓，透過重重簾幕，堆堆柳煙，向丈夫平日游冶處凝望。雨橫風狂三月暮，門掩黃昏，無計留春住。譯：暮春三月裏，常是雨勢猛烈，風力強勁。在風雨中的黃昏掩上重門，想把春光留在屋裏，卻是徒勞無功。雨橫三句，俞平迫評曰：三月暮點季節，風雨點氣候，黃昏點時刻，三層渲染，才逼出無計句來。（唐宋詞選釋）暮春時節，風雨黃昏；閉門深坐，情尤怛測。個中意境，仿佛是詩，但詩不能寫其貌；是畫，但畫不能傳其神；唯有通過這種婉曲的詞筆才能恰到好處地勾畫出來。玉勒雕鞍以下諸句，逐層深入地展示了現實的淒風苦雨對其芳心的無情蹂躪情人薄倖，冶遊不歸；春光將逝，年華如水。淚眼問花花不語，亂紅飛過鞦韆去。譯：噙著盈眶的淚水，忍不住問那繽紛零亂的落花，它卻默默無語。一陣風過，一下子就把她們吹得亂紛紛的，有的甚至飛過鞦韆架子外面去了。淚眼二句層深婉曲，前人評價甚高。清代毛先舒說：因花而有淚，此一層意也；因淚而問花，此一層意也；花竟不語，此一層意也；不但不語，且又亂落、飛過鞦韆，此一層意也；四層意思，一層比一層更深入、一層比一層更婉曲，而又渾然天成，看不出費力雕琢的痕跡。關於層深第一層：見花落淚。女子憶念走馬章台的丈夫，卻不可見。眼中所見，唯有在狂風暴雨中橫遭摧殘的花，由花聯想到自己，不禁傷心淚下。第二層：因淚問花。淚下難止，勢必有所寄託。於是女子向花癡情地發問。此刻花已幻化爲人。第三層：花竟無言。是不理解她的意思呢，還是不肯給予同情，殊令人納悶。第四層：花兒不但不語，反而像故意抛棄她似地紛紛飛過秋千而去。人兒走馬章台，花兒飛過秋千，有情之人，無情之物對她都報以冷漠，她怎能不傷心呢？毛先舒評曰：人愈傷心，花愈惱人，語愈淺而意入，又絕無刻畫費力之迹，謂非層深而渾成耶？然作者初非措意，直如化工生物，筍未出而苞節已具，非寸寸爲之也。（引同上）詞人一層一層深挖感情，並非刻意雕琢，而是象竹筍有苞有節一樣，自然生成，逐次展開。在自然渾成、淺顯易曉的語言中，蘊藏著深摯真切的感情，這是本篇一大特色。關於渾成清人毛先舒評曰：詞家意欲層深，語欲渾成。作詞者大抵意層深者，語便刻畫；語渾成者，意便膚淺，兩難兼也。或欲舉其似，偶拈永叔詞云：淚眼問花花不語，亂紅飛過秋千去，此可謂層深而渾成。（王又華古今詞論引）語言渾成與情意層深往往是難以兼具的，但歐詞這兩句卻把它統一起來。所謂意欲層深，就是人物的思想感情要層層深入，步步開掘。層深與渾成不同於芳草無情，此處的花看似無情，卻若有情因為它成為移情對象，人花同悲。淚眼問花，實即含淚自問。花不語似乎含悲，正反映了女子難言之苦。花雖不語，但亂花飛過鞦韆去，等於無言地昭示了她的命運。淚眼所見，花如人，人如花，花、人莫辨，同樣難以避免被拋棄的命運。女子悵然若失的神態，如在目前。淚眼兩句，痴人痴語。所謂情必近於痴而始真，其真情可見一斑。關於移情這裏借客觀景物、環境反應，來暗示和烘托人物主觀感情、思緒的筆法，委婉不迫，曲折有致，正所以深化情感，真切地表現了生活在幽閉狀態下的貴族少婦難以明言的內心隱痛。當然，溯其淵源，此前，溫庭筠有百舌問花花不語（惜春詞）句，嚴惲也有盡日問花花不語（落花）句，歐陽修結句或許由此脫化而來，但不獨語言更為流美，意蘊更為深厚，而且境界之渾成與韻味之悠長，也遠過於溫、嚴原句。沈際飛草堂詩餘正集云：一若關情，一若不關情，而情思舉蕩漾無邊。王國維人間詞話認爲此是有我之境，以我觀物，故物皆著我之色彩。此詞詞風深穩妙雅。全詞特色所在，即在深字。深：含蓄蘊藉，婉曲幽深，耐人尋味。包括景深、情深、意境深。總評意境深。詞中寫景，寫情，景與情融合無間，構成了一個完整的意境。我們讀此詞，總的印象便是意境幽深，不徒名言警句而已。詞人刻畫意境也是有層次的。從環境來說，這是由外景到內景，以深邃的居室烘托深邃的感情，以灰暗淒慘的色彩渲染孤獨傷感的心情。從時間來說，上片是寫濃霧彌漫的早晨，下片是寫風狂雨暴的黃昏，由早及晚，逐次打開人物的心扉。【集評】俞陛雲唐五代兩宋詞選釋：此詞簾深樓迥及亂紅飛過等句，殆有寄托，不僅送春也。或見陽春集。李易安定為六一詞。易安云：此詞余極愛之。乃作庭院深深數闋，其聲即舊臨江仙也。5L9PcTgWk#n&r)vyC:F3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#o&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl!p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZm%q(u=xC0G3K7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.E1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0G3K7NbReViYm$p(t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%q)u=y3K7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.E1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0G3K7NbReViYm$p(t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%q)u=yD0G4K7ObRfViYm$p(t+xA;E1I5L9PcSgWj#n%r)uyC:F3J6MaQdUhXl!o*s-wz.D0G4K7ObRfViZm$q(t=xB;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUhYl!t=xA;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n&r)uyC:G3J7NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D1H4L8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xC:G3J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=xC0G3K7NbReViYl$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSfWjZn%q)u=yD0G4K7NbReViYm$p(t+xA;E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%r)uyD0G4K7ObRfViZm$q(t+xA;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n%r)uyC:F3J6NaQeUhXl!o*s-wz.5L8PcSgWj#n%r)uyD0G4K7ObRfViZm$q(t+xA;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n%r)uyC:G3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#o&r-vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl$p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZm%q(yC:G3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#o&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl$p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZm%q(u=xC0G3K7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.E1H5L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0G3K7NbReViYm$p(t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%q)u=yD0G4K7ObRfViYm$p(t+xA;E1I5L9PcSgWj#n%r)uyC:F3J6MaQdUhXl!o*wA.E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%q)u=yD0G4K7ObRfViYm$p(t+xA;E1I5L9PcSgWj#n%r)uyC:F3J6MaQdUhXl!o*s-wz.D0G4K7ObRfViZm$q(t=xB;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUhYl!p*s+wA.D19PcTgWk#n&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUhYl!p*s+wA.D1H4L8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xC:G3J7NaReUiYl$p*xB;E2I5M9PdTgWk#n&r)vyC:G3J7NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D1H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xC:G3J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q(u=xC0G3K7NbReViYl$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSfWjZn%q)u=yD0G4K7NbReViYm$pxC0G3K7NbReViYl$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSfWjZn%q)u=yD0G3K7NbReViYm$p(t+xA;E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%r)uyD0L8PcSfWjZn%q)u=yD0G3K7NbReViYm$p(t+xA.E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%r)uyD0G4K7ObRfViZm$p(t+xA;E1I5L9PcTgWj#n%r)uyC:F3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.5L9PcTgWj#n%r)uyC:F3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wz.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(t=xB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#o&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl!p*s+wA.D1H9PcTgWk#n&r)vyC:F3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wz.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(t=xB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#n&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl!p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfVjZm%q(u=xC0G3J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.E1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0L8OcSfVjZm%q(u=xC0G3J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0G3K7NbReViYm$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWjZn%q)u=yD0G4K7ObReViYm$=xC0G3K7NbReViYm$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWjZn%q)u=yD0G4K7NbReViYm$p(t+xA;E1I5L8PcSgWj#n%r)uyD0G4K7ObRfViZm$q(t+xA;E1I5L9ThXk!o&s-vzD0G4K7NbReViYm$p(t+xA;E1H5L8PcSgWj#n%r)uyD0G4K7ObRfViZm$q(t+xA;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n%r)uyC:G3J6NaQeUhYlt+xA;E1I5L9PcTgWk#n%r)uyC:G3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xC:G3J6NaQeUhYl!p*s+wA.D0H4K8ObSfVjZm%q(u=xB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#o&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl$p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZm%q(u=xC0G3K7NaReUiYl$p*t+wAI5M9PdTgXk#o&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl!p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZm%q(u=xC0G3K7NaReUiYl$p*tB;E2I5M9PdTgXk#o&r)vyC:G3J7NaReUiYl!p*s+wA.D1H4L8OcSfVjZm%q(u=xC0G3K7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.E1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yB;F2I6M9QdThXk!o&s-A.D1H4L8OcSfVjZm%q(u=xC0G3K7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.E1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0G3K7NVjZm%q(u=xC0G3J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=yC0G3K7NbReViYm$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWjZn%q)u=yB:J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=xC0G3K7NbReViYm$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWjZ-vzC0G3J7NaReUiYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=xC0G3K7NbReViYm$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSgWjZn%q)u=yB:F2J6MaQdThXk!o&s-vz1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q)u=xC0G3K7NbReViYl$p*t+wA.E1H5L8PcSfWjZn%q)u=yB:F2J6MaQYl$p*t+wA.D1H4L8OcSfWjZn%q(u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