大学英语四级考试提纲式作文写作.ppt
大学英语四级考试提纲式作文写作 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望SampleInmodernworld,theeconomyisdevelopingfastandthepopulationisalsogrowingveryfast.Butdoyouknowourearthshealthybecometerriblenow?Asayouthofthe21stcentury,whatshouldIdotoprotectourearth?Rapidly,increasing,is becomingDirections:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteacompositionentitledShouldpeopleowncarsornot?Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow.Yourcompositionshouldbeatleast120words.Outline:1、有人赞成个人买车。2、也有人持相反观点。3、你的看法。ShouldPeopleOwnCarsorNot?Should People own Cars or not?Now having a car is more and more popular,so many familys want to buy a car.They think its useful.Some youngs think its cool,and many people think its convenent when they have a private car.They dont need to wait the crowded bus/so they can go to work on time.Its save the time.And they also can drive the car go wherever they want to.A family can have a travel togethter.Its comfortable.In a word,they can improve the quality of their life with a car.Especially the increasing of private car can promote the economic.It can lead the development of many industries.Its good for our countrys developing.四级作文评分原则及标准四级作文评分原则及标准14分分 漂漂亮亮：切题，表达思想清楚，文字漂漂亮亮：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，连贯性好，基本上语言连贯，连贯性好，基本上语言无误无误。11分分清清楚楚：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连清清楚楚：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有贯，但有少量语言错误少量语言错误。8分分马马虎虎：基本切题，有些地方表达思想马马虎虎：基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，相当多，其中一些是严重错误其中一些是严重错误。5分分糊里糊涂：基本切题，表达思想不清楚，糊里糊涂：基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有连贯性差，有较多的严重语法错误较多的严重语法错误。2分分一塌糊涂：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支一塌糊涂：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，或大部分句子离破碎，或大部分句子都有错误，且多数为严都有错误，且多数为严重错误重错误。Praise,AnImportantGiftSomepeoplethinkthatcritismcanchangeonesviewoflife.However,manypeoplearguethatpraiseismoreimportant.Inmyopinion,praiseismoreprofitablethancritism.Praiseislikefreshair,withoutit,ourlifewillbecomeuninterestingandinhappy.Givingpraisedoesnotcostthegiveralot,but,thereceivercanlearnmuch.Therearemanypeoplewhosucceedatlastwithapraise,Takemyselfforexample.Thoughithappenedalongtimeago,Irememberitclearly.ItwasasportsmeetingandIattendit.Atfirst,IwasveryconfidentandthoughtIwasthebestofthem,soIhadnotraining.Thetruthwas,duringtherace,manystudentsleftmebehind.ThenIwanttogiveupandwasfrustrated.Fortunately,myPEteachercameandpattedonmyback:”Aslongasyousticktocontinue,successwillbelongtoyou.Ibelieveyou,comeon!”Hesaidwithasmile.Youknow,Iimproveddramaticallyandwontheprize.So,praiseisanimportantgift.写作对策写作对策内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点作文结构层次是否清晰作文结构层次是否清晰语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误辑错误是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语作文字数是否达到要求作文字数是否达到要求卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮写作体裁议论文议论文说明文说明文记叙文记叙文议论文开头常用句式Recently,theproblemofhasarousedpeoplesconcern.hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.Nowadays,hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.Itiscommonlybelievedthat/ItisacommonbeliefthatManypeopleinsistthatWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethatAlotofpeopleseemtothinkthat议论文结尾常用句式Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wefinallycometotheconclusionthatTakingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthatHence/Therefore,wedbetterarriveattheconclusionthatThereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.Allinall,wecannotlivewithoutButatthesametime,wemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.写作类型提问子类提问子类观点类对立观点观点类对立观点观点类事物性质观点类事物性质利弊子类利弊子类批驳类批驳类办法类办法类原因类原因类提问子类Should College Marriage be permitted?1 关于是否允许大学生结婚的讨论在校园里关于是否允许大学生结婚的讨论在校园里兴起兴起2 我对这一现象的看法我对这一现象的看法Anationaldebatehassprunguponwhethercollegemarriageshouldbepermitted.Manypeoplestronglyopposethepermissionofcollegemarriage.Theyholdthatthechieftaskforcollegestudentsistostudy,andmarriagewilldistracttheirattentionandoccupyalotoftime.Moreover,studentsarenoteconomicallyindependent,somarriagewillcausealotofproblemssuchasfuturejobhuntingandhousing.Inaword,theybelievemarriagewilllargelyhinderbothpresentstudyandfuturework.Frommyperspective,Ithinkcollegemarriageshouldbepermittedbutbepracticedwithextremecare.Foronething,therightofcollegestudentsshouldberespected,astheyareadults.Foranother,therestrictionontheageofstudentswasdoneawaywithin2001,andmanyelderstudentsattenduniversities.Lastbutnottheleast,thetimeincollegeissopreciousthateverystudentwillthinktwicebeforetheygetmarried.Undoubtedly,fewstudentswillevergetmarriedaftercollegemarriageispermitted,buttheauthorityshouldgrantthemtheright.观点类对立观点My View on Opportunity1 有的人认为机会是极少的，另一些人则有的人认为机会是极少的，另一些人则认为人人都会有某种机会。认为人人都会有某种机会。2 我的看法我的看法3 结论结论My View on OpportunityWhenitcomestoopportunity,peoplesopinionsdiffer.Somepeoplethinkthattherearefewopportunitiesintheworld,whileothersarguethateverybodywillhavesomekindofopportunityalonghisliferoute.AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropinion.Foronething,Ifirmlybelieveopportunitiesareeverywherearoundus.Nopersonwillbeunluckyenoughtohavenoopportunitiesallthetime,becauseeverydoghashisday”.Foranother,sinceopportunitiesaretransient,wehavetomakegoodpreparationsandimproveourselves.JustthinkofNewton,whodiscoveredtheLawofGravitationwhenmanypeoplehadwatchedanapplefallingaheadofthem.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablydrawtheconclusionthattherearequiteafewopportunitiesaroundus.Onlyifwegetpreparedcanweseizetheopportunitiesinsteadoflettingthemslipby,justasanoldsayinggoes,opportunitiesareonlyforthepreparedminds”.观点类事物性质My View on Double BA Degree1 现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见2 我对这一现象的看法我对这一现象的看法My View on Double BA DegreeRecentlyithasbecomeacommonphenomenonforcollegestudentstohavetwomajorsatthesametime.Inthisway,theycangetdoubleBAdegreeswhentheygraduatefromtheuniversityseveralyearslater.Althoughitmaybringunfavorableconsequences,wecanbesuretoconcludethatthispracticeisfavorableonthewhole.Tobeginwith,moststudentswillbecomemorehardworkingandefficientinordertofinishthelearningtaskssatisfactorily.Moreover,withtwodegreesathandaftergraduation,theywillstandabetterchanceinthejobmarketfulloffiercecompetition.Inthethirdplace,asfortodaysuniversitystudents,tuitionandfeesarebecomingmoreandmoreexpensive.Iftheycanmakeachievementsinstudyatschoolandfindasatisfactoryjobafterwards,itwillnotbeabigproblem.Weighingtheprosandconsofsuchanewtrend,wecannaturallyarriveattheconclusionthatitisbeneficialandrewarding.Thissystemnotonlycompelsstudentstoworkhard,butalsopreparesthemforthecomingcompetition.认为，主张认为，主张argue,maintain,hold,believe考虑考虑takeinto consideration,consider,think over,reflect on认为，思考，考虑认为，思考，考虑think下结论，断定下结论，断定come to the conclusion,arrive at the conclusion,conclude,decide,assert断定断定judge获得获得acquire,obtain,attain,reap赢得，取得赢得，取得earn,gain得到得到get支持，赞成支持，赞成approve of,in favor of,stand by ones side,agree with,提倡提倡advocate,recommend支持支持support利弊子类The Golden Week1 黄金周给大学生带来的好处黄金周给大学生带来的好处2 黄金周给大学生带来的弊端黄金周给大学生带来的弊端3 我应当怎样过好黄金周我应当怎样过好黄金周The Golden WeekThegoldenweekNationalDayholidayhasbroughtalotofbenefitstocollegestudentseversincethebeginning.First,itgivesstudentstimetotakearestaftermonthsofhardwork.Second,theycanconductsocialactivitiestocombinebookknowledgewithpractice.Third,theycanalsousethispreciousweektomakeprogressinstudyorcarryoutspecializedresearch.Thoughitdoesgoodtocollegestudentsinmanyways,thegoldenweekcannevertobesaidtobringnoproblems.Foronething,manystudentseatandsleeptoomuchduringthevacation,whichareharmfultotheirhealth.Foranother,quiteafewstudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayingvideogamesorgoingsightseeing.Howcantheymakeprogressintheirstudyiftheydonotcherishtimeatall?Inordertomakegooduseofthegoldenweek,Iformthehabitofmakingaconcreteplanbeforeitcomes.Ontheonehand,Ialwayssetasideenoughtimeforreviewinglessonsandreadingrelevantliterature.Ontheotherhand,IusuallygotowatchamovieandlistentoaconcertattheGrandOpera.Bycarefullyplanningmytime,Iamconfidenttospendameaningfulgoldenweek.反对反对oppose,object to抵制抵制resist反对反对say no to意义深远的意义深远的far-reaching,profound,significant重要的重要的important充分运用充分运用optimize,make best/full use of,使用使用employ,utilize使用使用use好处，优点好处，优点advantage,merit,benefit坏处，缺点坏处，缺点disadvantage,defect,flaw,drawback,deficiency好处好处good side重要的，有重要的，有 决定性的决定性的vital,crucial,critical,decisive应用应用apply坏处坏处bad side批驳类My View on Teenagers Studying Abroad1 现在有很多青少年出国留学现在有很多青少年出国留学2 有些人认为这种做法是有益的有些人认为这种做法是有益的3 我认为这种观点是不对的我认为这种观点是不对的My View on Teenagers Studying AbroadRecentlyitseemsthatamongthestudentswhochoosetostudyabroad,therearemoreandmoreteenagerswhostudyinhighschoolsorevenelementaryschools.Manypeople,especiallytheparents,thinkitwillcertainlydogoodtotheirchildrenbecausetheindependentlifewillmakethemlearnconfidenceandperseverance.Moreover,thequalityofoverseaseducationisoftenhigher,thusthechildstandsabetterchanceofenteringabetteruniversityandgettingabetterjobinthefuture.Aftercarefulconsideration,Ihavetosaytheaboveviewismorethanbiased.Ontheonehand,earlyindependentlifeisnotnecessarilygood,ifthechildcannotreceiveproperguidanceandtendercarefrombothteachersandparents.Ontheotherhand,theeducationalqualityisalsoaquestiontoomanyforeignschoolsaimatearningmoney.Whenthechildrencomeback,whocanguaranteethattheycanadapttothefiercecompetitionhere?Wecanseeclearlythatalthoughteenagersstudyingabroadmaybringfavorableresults,therearestillalottoworryabout.Itseemsnecessaryforyoungstudentstomakeacarefulinvestigationbeforegoingabroad.把把看做，当做看做，当做regard as,consider as,look onas,treatas,viewas把把看做，当做看做，当做seeas全面的，彻底的全面的，彻底的utter,thorough完全的完全的complete起作用起作用解释解释难以置信的，难以置信的，惊人的惊人的play a role,perform,function,serve,play a part解释解释explainaccount for,illustrate,clarifyfantastic,incredible,unbelievable,exceptional,extraordinary,marvelous,amazing,astonishing起作用起作用work惊人的，极好的惊人的，极好的great,surprising办法类(个人问题)How to Succeed in a Job Interview 1 面试在求职过程中的作用面试在求职过程中的作用2 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是How to Succeed in a Job Interview Ajobinterviewisvitaltothejob-huntingprocessinthatifyouaresuccessfulinit,youstandagoodchanceoffinalobtainingtheidealjob.Thenhowcanwesucceedinjobinterview?Inthefirstplace,youshoulddressandbehaveproperlyinordertoleaveagoodfirstimpressionontheinterviewer.Inthesecondplace,whenitcomestotalking,youshouldspeakofyourexpertiseandspecialabilitiesclearlyandhonestly.Whatsmore,self-confidenceisalsoanimportantfactor,tellingtheinterviewerthatyouwillfacethechallengewheneveryouencounterdifficulties.Youwillsucceedinajobinterviewaslongasyouputtheaboveprinciplesintopractice.Asaresult,youwillprobablyobtainthejobyouhavebeendreamingof.勤奋的，勤勉的勤奋的，勤勉的diligent,industrious勤奋的勤奋的hardworking认真的，谨慎的认真的，谨慎的conscientious,cautious认真的认真的careful,serious冷静的，清醒地冷静的，清醒地sober,reasonable,sensible,rational聪明的聪明的bright,intelligent,wise,brilliant平静的平静的calm适应适应be adapted to,be accustomed to,be adjusted to集中精力于集中精力于focus on,center on,concentrate on聪明的聪明的clever适应适应be used to专心于专心于set ones mind on注意注意Pay ones attention to原因类Harmfulness of Fake Commodities1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)。为什么会有这种现象。为什么会有这种现象?2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。社会等的危害。Nowadaysalotoffakecommoditiesfloodintothemarketanddogreatharmtotheconsumersandthewholesociety.Whyaretheresomanyfakecommodities?Thefirstreason,inmymind,isthatsomepeopledreamofearningalargesumofmoneyeasilyandquickly.Furthermore,thegeneralsocialatmosphereissomewhatunhealthy-manypeopleattachgreatimportancetomoneyinsteadofhonesty.Lastbutnotleast,somegovernmentofficialsarenotdoingtheirjobs.Harmfulness of Fake CommoditiesTheharmfulnessoffakecommoditieshasbecomemorethanobviousatthemoment.Firstofall,Theconsumersarethedirectvictims,theyspendmoneybuyingunqualifiedandevenuselessproducts.Inthesecondplace,theauthenticproducersalsosuffergreatloss.Thirdly,fakecommoditiesmayevenbedangeroussometimes,suchasfakefoodandmedicine,whichareathreattopeopleshealth.Consequently,itishightimethatwemadegreateffortstoputanendtofakecommodities.如何写好英语说明文？审题（what,towhom,how,etc.）开好头写好主题句注意行文的统一性和连贯性注意说明方法的选择（eg.:举例法、过程分析法、分类法、因果分析法、比较法、细节法，etc.）注意说明顺序（eg.:空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序、认识顺序，etc.）结尾（重述主题而非重复主题；简短自然，避免介入新的话题）常用句式和常用表达列举：foronething,foranother,finally,besides,moreover,oneanother,stillanother,first,second,then,also,tobeginwith,firstofall,inthefirstplace,last,next,aboveall,lastbutnottheleast,firstandmostimportant举例：forexample,forinstance,oneexampleis,besides,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,acaseinpoint,thatis,incidentally,asanillustration,suchas,infact,ingeneral,inparticular,toillustrate,namely定义：referto,call,mean比较a.相似的比较：likewise,incomparison,similarly,inthesamemannerb.相反的比较：ontheotherhand,conversely,onthecontrary,whereas,instead,incontrast,nevertheless,comparedwith表示时间：later,next,then,finally,atlast,eventually,meanwhile,fromnowon,atthesametime,forthetimebeing,intheend,immediately,inthemeanwhile/meantime,recently,soon,nowandthen,during,nowadays,since,lately,assoonas,afterwards,temporarily,earlier,afterawhile,now表示方位和顺序：before,behind,below,beneath,between,here,there,where,beyond,nearby,under,above,over,ontheright(left),in(the)frontof,atthebackof,inthemiddleof,atthebottomof,oppositeto,nextto表示概要和结论：inaword,inshort,inbrief,tosumup,onthewhole,byandlarge,allinall,sofar,therefore,thus,insummary,inconclusion,toconclude,tosummarize,toendwithFast Food Restaurant1.快餐馆简介2.去快餐馆的好处3.快餐馆的发展趋势Fast Food RestaurantIfyouaretoobusyortootiredtocook,pleasegotothefastfoodrestaurantwherevariouskindsofready-madefoodareserved.Someservefishorchicken,someservesandwichesorsalad,andsomealsoservedrinks,coffee,andsoon.Fast food restaurants are very convenient.You just go there,order your food,wait only for a few minutes,then when the food is ready,you carry it to your table yourselves.you can either eat it in the restaurant or take the food out in a plastic container and eat it at home,in your office,in a park,or anywhere you like.Nowadays,fastfoodrestaurantsaregettingmoreandmorepopularinChinabecauseoftheirconvenienceandlowprice.Theysavepeoplestimeandenergyaswell.Thisisveryimportantformanypeople,especiallythosewhoaretoobusyortootiredtocook.题型概述记叙文的写作要注意交代清楚六大要素，即时间(time)、地点(place)、人物(character)、事件的原因(cause)、经过(process)和结果(effect)。记叙文的结构安排通常有三种形式：正叙、倒叙和插叙。正叙是英语叙述文中最常用的一种结构，插叙很少用到。尽量多使用表示转折、顺接、因果和时间的连接词eg.:foronethingforanother、ontheonehandontheother(hand),etc.要多用四级词汇如有可能，引用一两句名言或是谚语常用句式及表达表示时间：afterashort(long)time(period),afterwards,assoonas,fromthattimeon,immediately,lately,nowadays,shortly,sincethen,then,while,recently,etc.表示因果：accordingly,asaresult(consequence),consequently,hence,so,therefore,thus平行结构/排比结构：neithernor,eitheror,bothand,notonlybutalso,aswellaseg.:Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.学习足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才。Teachers Day1、向老师致以节日祝贺2、从一件小事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3、我如何回报老师的关爱Teachers DayItisTeachersDay,anoccasiontocelebratethecontributionsallteachershavemade.Theteachingprofessiondeservesspecialrecognitionandrespect.Iwanttotakethispreciousopportunityandextendmyheartygratefulnesstoyou:HappyTeachersDayandmayyousucceedineverything!Thereisnomoreappropriatetimethanthistohonoralltheteachersworkinginthisline.ItisalltheteachersenergyandeffortthatmakeswhoIamnow,amanwithintelligenceandgoodpersonality.Forthepasttwentyyears,youhavededicatedsomuchofyourtimeandenergytothehealthydevelopmentofmycharacterandsoulthatIwillcherishyourteachingforlife.Dearte
