定语从句讲解公开课(22张ppt)演示教学.ppt

定语从句讲解公开课(22张ppt)一、定语一、定语定语定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。修饰名词或代词的修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句词、短语或从句称为定语称为定语。his desk Toms fathera beautiful city three teacherswomen teachers in the room abovea developing country a developed countryThere is nothing to do today.an article about how to learn Englisha city which is beautiful物主代词物主代词形容词形容词名词名词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词不定式不定式介词短语介词短语从句从句名词所有格名词所有格数词数词副词副词二二 定语从句定语从句1.1.含义含义修饰名词或代词的修饰名词或代词的句子句子叫定语从句。叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。之后。Mary is a girl who has long hair.修饰修饰girlThis is the classroom where we study.修饰修饰classroom2.2.如何改如何改写写成定成定语从从句？句？写法：写法：找出两个简单句的共有成分；找出两个简单句的共有成分；将从句中的共有成分去掉；将从句中的共有成分去掉；用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后接在被修饰词之后I love the girl.The girl has long hair.I love the girl who has long hair.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.Mary is a girl who has long hair.3.3.相关术语相关术语关系关系代词代词关系关系副词副词which,who,whom,whose,that,asWhere,when,why5.5.关系代词关系代词Look at the kites which are flying in the sky.The pen which Im using is pretty good.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.Whos the boy that is reading a book?Can you show me the photo that you like best?I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.The house whose windows are closed is mine.which：指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语who：指人，作主语；指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语：指人，做宾语whose：指人或物，做定语指人或物，做定语that：指人或物，作主语或宾语指人或物，作主语或宾语做题技巧：做题技巧：1.确定定语从句确定定语从句2.看先行词是指人还是指物看先行词是指人还是指物3.确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分4.确定关系代词确定关系代词The boys _are playing football are from Class One.Football is a game _is liked by most boys.whowhich/that1.Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.2.Yesterday I helped an old man _ had lost his way.3.Mr.Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus.4.Li Ming is just the boy _ I want to see.5.The factory _ makes computers is far away from here.6.He likes to read books _ are written by Shakespeare.7.This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.whowhowhomwhomWhich/thatWhich/thatWhich/that8.The number of people _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million.9.Where is the man _ I saw this morning?10.The season _ comes after spring is summer.11.I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the country.12.Do you like the book _ cover is yellow?13.The classroom _ door is broken will soon be repaired.whowhomWhich/thatwhosewhosewhose Could you still remember the time when the train left?This is the factory where my father works?Do you know the reason why he was late for school?when the train leftthe timethe factory where my fatherworks?the reason why he waslate for school?whenwherewhy（指时间，作状语）（指时间，作状语）（指地点，作状语）（指地点，作状语）（指原因，作状语）（指原因，作状语）6.6.关系副词关系副词1.The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable.2.I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you.3.Ill never forget the day _ we spent together.4.Ill remember the day _ we stayed together.5.This is the hotel _ we visited last year.6.This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.总结：总结：关系代词和关系副词的选择关键看关系词关系代词和关系副词的选择关键看关系词 在定语从句中做的在定语从句中做的成分成分而定。而定。whythat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhere关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词和关系副词的区别1.The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable.2.I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you.3.Ill never forget the day _ we spent together.4.Ill remember the day _ we stayed together.5.This is the hotel _ we visited last year.6.This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.总结关系词的用法：总结关系词的用法：关系词关系词在定语从句中做在定语从句中做_时，时，用用关系代词关系代词(which,who,whom,that,whose)引导引导定语从句。定语从句。关系词关系词在定语从句中做在定语从句中做_时，用时，用关系副关系副词词(when,where,why)引导定语从句。引导定语从句。主语、宾语、或定语主语、宾语、或定语状语状语当当先行词先行词是是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等词，表示情况、等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词方面、处境时用关系副词where。He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy.They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.当当先行词先行词是是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,degree，occasion等词，表示情况、等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词方面、处境时用关系副词where。that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般一般用用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine.This is the first book(that)he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。7.that 和和 which 的区别：的区别：(5)先行词同时指人和指物时，用先行词同时指人和指物时，用thatthat。.(6)先行词是先行词是who或或who引导的主句。引导的主句。Who is the girl that drove the car?Who that broke the window will be punished(7)当先行词是当先行词是which时，关系代词用时，关系代词用that.Which is the book that you bought last week?(8)当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代表语时，关系代词用词用that.She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.(9)主句以主句以There be 引导时引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing.下列情况不能使用下列情况不能使用that,而用而用which that 不能引导不能引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.that不不能能置置于于介介词词之之后后（介介词词后后指指物物用用which,指人用指人用whom）The person _I am speaking just now is our English teacher.The prize _he worked so hard was a new bicycle.to whom for which 4.4.分类分类限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句分割性定语从句分割性定语从句定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.Last night I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March.She is doing experiments in the lab which are important to her research.1)1)限定性定语从句限定性定语从句:紧跟先行词无逗号和主句隔开紧跟先行词无逗号和主句隔开2)2)非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句:有逗号与先行词隔开有逗号与先行词隔开3)3)分隔定语从句分隔定语从句:定语从句和先行词间有其他成分隔开定语从句和先行词间有其他成分隔开1.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。自助者天助之。2.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。不到长城非好汉。此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢