八年级上(新版)unit9讲义.doc

Section A1. Jenny, can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?当时间具体到某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上时，用介词on,而不是inon the morning of May 1ston Monday evening 2. prepare for an exam 为考试做准备prepare(名词)_常用短语：prepare for “为.而准备”【拓展】1）prepare 还可作为及物动词，意为：准备，后接名词或代词作宾语。Eg. Our English teacher is preparing the lessons.She prepared us a nice breakfast.=She prepared a nice breakfast for us.2)prepare to do sth 意为“准备做某事”Taking out a piece of paper, he prepared to write to his parents.Exam 可数名词，“一次考试”前应该用不定冠词，an exam3. have the flu 患感冒have 表示“患病”的常用短语还有：have a cold; have a cough; have a fever;have a sore throat ; have a headache; have a toothache4. Im sorry,Im not availableavailable 形容词，意为“有空的，可获得的”，同义词为free.5.Oh,but Sam isnt leaving until next Wednesday. Until用作介词，意为“（表动作状态的持续）到.时；直到.为止”。Until常用于否定句中，与not构成固定结构，即not.until意为“直到.才.”.I waited until three oclock.The noise didnt stop until midnight.【拓展】until还可以做连词，表动作、状态持续到另一动作或状态出现之前，意为“直到.为止”。He lived with his parents until he got married.The children wont come home until it is dark.6. Can you hang out with us on Monday night? hang out 意为“常去某处，泡在某处”。hang为动词，意为“悬挂，垂下”，过去时为hung.He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.Hang the picture on the wall.【拓展】由hang构成的短语：hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about (在某处)闲荡 hang up 挂断电话7. Catch you on Monday! 周一见1） catch you 常用于口语，意为“再见”2） 动词，意为“及时赶上，接住，抓住”。catch-caught-caughtYou will have to work harder to catch up with top students in your class.【拓展】常用短语：catch a cold 感冒 catch ones eye 引起某人的注意 catch the train 赶上火车 catch up with 赶上；跟上 catch hold of 抓住8. Im afraid not .恐怕不能表示肯定时Im afraid so.恐怕如此。（注意听力题目）9. Who are you going to the movies with?本句为现在进行时表示将来。英语中，一些表示位移的动词，如go;come;move;fly等，均可用现在进行时表示将来。Li Hua is coming tonight.10. inviting 邀请invite 及物动词，意为“邀请”。常见用法有：invite sb to+地点，表示邀请某人去某地 invite sb to da sth, 表示邀请某人做某事invite-invited-invited 名词：invitation11. accepting 接受 Accept,动词接受，反义词：refuse辨析：accept和receiveaccept,意为“接受”，主观上愿意接受receive,意为“收到”，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。Eg. I received his gift yesterday,but I wouldnt like to accept it.12. Refusingrefuse 动词，意为“拒绝”。refuse to do sth.意为“拒绝做某事”.refuse后面只能接不定式，不能接动名词。Eg. He usually refuses the invitation from Tony. You shouldnt refuse to help her.Section B and Self check基本功练习：一 翻译前天： 昨天： 今天： 明天： 后天：工作日： 周末： 打网球： 照顾你妈妈：为考试而学习： 上钢琴课：拒绝邀请： 发出邀请：接受邀请：二、词汇运用A. 根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。1. Betty is always ready to help with all the party p .2. There are five w in a week.3. Can you come to the o of the new library?4. She loves music but shes never gone to any c .5. Why did she refuse the i of the dance party?B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。6. Would you like (have) a cup of tea?7. Thanks for (help) me with my English.8. Here is a letter of (invite) for you.9. My friend invited me (go) to the movies.10. Im thirsty. I want (drink) something.课文解析：1. Whats today? Its Monday the 14thWhats today?用来提问今天是几号、星期几。回答时，通常用星期和日期，也可用节日。【拓展】1）Whats the date today? 今天是几月几号，回答的是日期。 Whats the date today? Its September 10th.2) What day is it today?意为“今天星期几”，回答要用星期几。What day is it today?Its Monday.2. look after his sister.look after意为“照顾，照料”，其同义短语为“take care of”【拓展】有关look的短语look at look for look around look forward to look out look up3. Can you play tennis with me? Play与球类名词连用时，球类名词前不能加任何冠词；而当与西洋乐器名词连用时，西洋乐器前必须加定冠词the.play basketball play soccerplay the piano play the violin4. turn down an invitation.Turn down 此处意为”拒绝“，相当于refuse.He turned down his good friends advice.【拓展】1）turn down 还可意为“关小；调低”。其反义词为turn up.The baby is sleeping, so please turn down the radio.2) 有关turn 的常用短语turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn down 关小；调低；拒绝turn up 放大；调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次；轮流5. What a great idea!这是一个由what 引导的感叹句。其结构为：What+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！What a beautiful girl she is!【拓展】常见的其他感叹句结构：1)What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！What delicious food!2) How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！How beautiful she is!How well he plays the piano!What an interesting book it is!=How interesting the book is!6.She helped me to improve my English so much.1) help sb to do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。Help 后也可跟省略to的动词不定式，即help sb do sth.Can you help me (to) prepare for the party?【拓展】1）help sb with sth. 意为“在某一方面帮助某人” Mr. Zhang often helps me with my English. 2）help oneself to sth. 意为“随便吃.” 2） so much意为“如此多”，其中so 起加强语气、强调作用后接不可数名词，也可修饰动词，作状语。There was so much noise outside.Thank you so much.7. Im sad to see her go,and this party is the best way to say“Thank you and goodbye.”1) sad 形容词，意为”（令人）悲伤的，（令人）难过的”。其比较级为sadder,最高级saddest.2) see sb do sth.表示“看到某人做某事”， see sb doing sth 表示看到某人正在做某事。I often see the boy play soccer in the park.(强调经常踢足球)I saw the boy playing soccer when I walked in the park.(强调正在踢足球)3） the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式/方法 The best way to remember new words is repeating.8. My family is taking a trip to Wuhan at the end of this month to visit my aunt and uncle.1) take a trip 去旅行2) at the end of “在.的末尾；在.的尽头”,可以表示地点，也可以表示时间。【拓展】1)by the end of 意为“到.末为止”We had learned 1,000 words by the end of last month. 2)in the end “最后，终于” He found the bag in the end.9. However,Id still be glad to help out with any of the party preparations, like planning the games.any of the party preparations, 聚会中的任何事any在此句中用作代词，意为“无论哪个；任何一个/一些”Theyre all free-take any of them you like.10. Bring Ms.Steen to the party without telling her so that she can be surprised.1) without 介词，意为“没有，不（做某事）”。其后可跟动名词、人称代词宾格或名词。反义词为with.He goes out without a cap.He left the room without saying a word.2) so that 意为“以便，为的是”，用于引导目的状语从句，常与may,can,will等词连用。3) Surprised 形容词，意为“感到意外的”。常用短语be surprised to do sth. 意为“对某事感到意外”11. I look forward to hearing from you all.1) look forward to 意为“期待，盼望”，其中to为介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。Im looking forward to visiting Hong Kong.2) hear from sb.意为“收到某人的来信”，相当于receive a better from sb.【拓展】1)hear of=hear from “听说” I heard of the story. 2)write to sb 意为“给某人写信” Kate writes to her parents once a month.12. Hope you can make it! 希望你能来 make it是一个在口语中使用频率较高的习语，具有较强的交际功能，具体用法有：（1） “在约定时间内赶到”，相当于arrive in time. “Glad you could make it”.Mr.King said.（2） 意为“商量确定时间”，表示将来某项计划的安排，后面常跟时间状语。 Lets make it at seven oclock on Tuesday morning.（3） 意为“成功办成某事”，相当于succeed. After years of hard work, he finally made it.13. Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday, December 20th.1) reply 不及物动词，意为“回答；答复”。其第三人称单数形式为replies,过去时为replied.其反义词为answer.I asked him where he was going,but he didnt reply.【拓展】reply还可用作名词，意为“回答，答复”。I asked him,but he gave no reply.辨析reply与answer.reply指用口头或书面形式回答。做不及物动词，意为“回答”，可用“reply to (sb/sth)”表示“对.作出回答”。作及物动词时，意为“回答，回答说”。作名词时，意思为“答道，回信，答复”，后面跟介词toI didnt reply to him.He replied that he might goanswer是最普通的用于，包括用口头、书面或行动回答。它可以用作及物动词或不及物动词。He answered my question.2) in writing 意为“用书写/书面形式”。3) by Friday 意为“在周五之前”，介词by 在此表示时间“不迟于，到.时为止”或“在. 以前”。Can you finish the work by tomorrow?到明天你能完成这项工作吗？语法专项：情态动词 情态动词can除了表示能力、许可或猜测之外，还可以用于表示邀请。情态动词表示要请时的用法如下：一 当用情态动词can发出邀请时，要用一般疑问句形式，其句式为： Can +主语+动词原形+其他？ Can you come to my party?二 当情态动词用can 发出邀请时，其回答分为两类。一类表示接受邀请，另一类是表示拒绝邀请。（一）常见的表示接受邀请的回答1. Sure, Id love to.2. Yes,Id love to.3. Sure,I think he/she/they will.（二） 常见的表示拒绝邀请的回答：1. Sorry.Im not available.2. Im sorry.Im not free this weekend.I have to look after my sister.3. Id love to come, but Im afraid I cant. I have to study for a test.【拓展】向别人发出邀请、请求、建议或征求某人的意见，还有几种表达方法，大多数语气比较委婉，显得客气而有礼貌：（1） Would you like.?“你想要/愿意.吗？”其后接名词、代词或动词不定式，用来提出建议，或发出邀请。（2） Will/Would/Could you please.?“请你.好吗？”其后接动词原形 此处would、Could 不是过去式，而是表示语气更加委婉。（3） Shall we.?“我们.好吗？”shall 是情态动词，其后接动词原形。（4） Lets . “让我们.吧”，let后接动词原形作宾语补足语。（5） Why not.?或 Why dont you.?“为什么不.呢”其后接动词原形（6） How about/What about.? About 为介词，其后接名词，代词或动名词。