2022年初二英语动词不定式讲解包含口诀.docx

精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载初二英语动词不定式讲解动词不定式的基本形式是“to+ 动词原形“ , 有时可以不带to.动词不定式没有人称和数 的变化 , 在句子中不能作谓语.在句中可以作主语、表语、 宾语、 宾语补足语、 定语和状语.一、作主语,可以用it 代替, it 叫形式主语,动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语1 To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2. It s dangerous to drievreyvfast.二、假如宾语太长,可用it 作形式宾语,构成“主语 +谓语+ it +宾语不足语 名词或形容词 + to do sth 结”构,谓语动词常为find、 think、feel 等.I found it difficult to stop him.我发觉拦截他很困难.三、常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree同意 , hope期望 , decide打算 , need需要 , mean 准备 , wish期望 , fail 失败 ,want 想要 , begin开头 , would like 想要等. Ask 恳求）, beg（恳求 , leave, like, love, hate 厌恶） , prefer（宁愿） , order（命令） , teach, （教） tell,（告知） believe（信任） , find,（找出） know, （知道） want, （想要） think, （认为） understand,（明白）后面跟动词不定式的动词口诀有：三个期望两答应 （ wish hope want promis agree两个要求莫拒绝 （ ask beg refuse 想要明白跟知道（ would like understandknow 教会告知要信任（ teachtellbelieve 找出爱恨区分点（ findlovehate He has decided to go to the countryside.他已决心去乡下.四、（ 1） “疑问词+ 动词不定式 ”结构可以作动词know、think 、 find out 等的宾语.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载I don t know who to ask.我真不知道该问谁.（ 2） “疑问词+ 动词不定式 ”可以作动词show、teach、ask 等后面的直接宾语.She told me where to find the earphone.她告知我什么的方可以找到耳机.五、动词不定式可以作介词的宾语.Autumn harvest is about to start.秋收即将开头.I m worryingabout what to do next.我正愁下一步该怎么办.六、作定语的动词不定式与被修饰词有动宾关系.此时,假如动词不定式的动词为不及物动词,后面的介词肯定不能省略.动词分“及物”和“不及物”,“及”你就懂得成“涉 及,有联”,“物”你就懂得成“事物或人”.及物的动词” 就是“涉及事物的动词”即“有受对象的动词”或“带宾语的动词” （像买 buy,花费 spend ）,“不及物的动词”就是“不带宾语的动词”“ 没有动作承担对象的动词”（像 跑 run ,跳 jump, ）. 所以介词不能够省略.I have a lot of books to read.我有很多书要读.We had only a cold room to live in.我们只有寒室一间.七、不定式复合结构作主语时,需留意：（ 1） It s +形容词+ for / of + sb + to do sth.当上面的形容词指的是to do sth 的性质时,用介词for .It s dangerous for children to swim in the river. 孩子在这条河里游泳很危急.（游泳这件事情危急）（ 2）当上面的形容词指的是sb 的性质时,用介词of.这些形容词往往修饰人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, carelessIt was careless of you to do that.你这么做真马虎.（你这个人马虎）八、感官动词 hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen 后to面直接跟动词原形, 即常见的形式为 : hear sb do sth等可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载感官动词后既可跟动词原形作宾补,也可跟v-ing作宾补,前者表示动作的全部过程已终止.后者表示动作正在进行.Many people like to watch others play games.很多人喜爱看别人玩嬉戏.I saw him come downstairs.我观察他下了楼.（说明他下楼了这件事）I saw him coming downstairs.我观察他在下楼.（说明他下楼时的情形）九、使役动词let, make, have 后面直接跟动词原形; help 后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语, to 可有可无可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_She let us meet her at the station, but she didn来.她让我们去车t c站o迎me接. 她,卡她没有可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_十、区分以下词组的不同含义:remember to do 记住要做某事 remember doing 记得曾经做过某事forget to do 遗忘要做某事 forget doing遗忘曾经做过某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing停止做某事go on to do 连续做另一件事 go on doing连续做原先在做的事十一、 It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人一段时间干某事 .It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花了半小时做回家作业. It took Jim an hour and a half to read the book. 吉姆花了一个半小时看这本书.It took mother one and a half hours to do the housework. 母亲花了一个半小时干家务.用汉字表述上面的句型为:It + take +人 + 一段时间+ to do sth.一段时间形式往往为像这样的例子:fifteen minutes15 分钟 ,an hour 一个小时 , two days 两天, half a month 半个月 ,a year and a half 一年半 .等等十二、不定式的特别句型Why not"Why not + 动词原形 " 表达向某人提出建议,翻译为：" 为什么不." " 干吗不."例如：Why not take a holiday. 干吗不去度假.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载练习依据括号内的动词,用适当的形式填空,空内可能不只填一个词,使句子完整意思正确1. They usually kites on Sundays. fly2. Look. The dogs after the cat. run3. Miss Gao English in our school since she came here. teach4. The class meeting last Wednesday afternoon. hold5. You should let him the work by himself. finish6. Meimei to wash the old womans clothes twice every week. go7. Mr Jiang us Chinese last term. teach8. My father back from Japan tomorrow. come9. Its seven o clock now. The Greens breakfast together. have10. Jim many Chinese songs since he came to China. learn11. Please remember the window when you leave the room. close12. After school some students began to do some in the classroom. clean13. English widely in the whole world today. speak 1. I often see Tomon the playground. When I passed the playground yesterday, I saw him.A. play; playing B. to play; play C. playing; to play C. playing; play 2. What does the sign on the bottle mean. It means“”.A. This side up B. Dangerous C. Recyclable D. No Parking 3. When the player finished running, he was out of.A. breather B. breathing C. breath D. the breath 4. How about going hiking this weekend. Sorry, I preferrather than.A. to stay at home; go out B. to go out; stay at home可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载C. staying at home; go out D. going out; stay at home 5. We really shouldn t use plastic bags any more when shopping. It s important to protect our environment.A. So does it. B. With pleasure. C. That s ODK.So it is. 6. To the supermarket with Wang Fan.A. Where have you gone. B. Where did you go to the supermarket.C. Where have you been.D. Where s Wang Fang. 7. Iafraid of the dark, but now I don t.A. use to B. used to C. use to be D. used to be 8. The earth isyears old.A. four thousands six hundreds B. four thousand six hundredC. four thousand and six hundred million D. four thousand six hundred millions 9. They have made so great progress.A. three years ago B. for three yearsC. in the past three years D. before three years 10. Has Li Hong gone to the library. Pardon. I askedthe library.A. if Li Hong had gone to B. if had Li Hong gone toC. Li Hong had gone to D. has Li Hong gone to 11. Oh, Miss Wei. Your skirt looks nice. Is it new. No, Iit since three years ago.A. had B. bought C. have had D. have bought 12. Must they clean and tidy the classroom now. No, they. Itafter school in the afternoon.A. mustn t; must cleBan. needn t; must cleanC. mustn t; need be clean;Ded. do n t have to; can be cleaned 13. It s one o clock now. I must go. It s raining outside. Donitt sletoapvse.A. when B. since C. while D. until 14.your help, we can finish the task in time.A. Thanks to B. Thanks for C. Because D. Thank 15. We should plant more trees onsides of the street.A. Either B. Both C. all D. each可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载