2022年执业药师《中药鉴定学》历年必考高分考点-名师总结 .pdf

执业药师(中药)中药鉴定学历年必考高分考点-名师总结【1】含有石细胞的药材有种从前，有个大地主叫吴茱萸。他的大老婆为人厚朴，没人巴结（巴戟天）她。新讨的二房（防己、防风），人称辛姨（辛夷），因生了两个儿子，叫栀子和杞子，就备受宠爱，有四个丫环，叫（黄芩、黄连、黄柏、黄芪）照顾她。她每天要吃五味（五味子）东西：豆砂包（豆蔻、砂仁）；炒肉，当时肉贵（肉桂），就杀了两猪（苍术、白术）；鸡血藤上长出的木瓜；寄生（槲寄生）在杜仲树上的槟榔；二参麦冬汤。（党参、玄参）分泌组织总结【1】有油细胞的品种：油胞石蒲肉厚，五辛砂细白蔻。1.石菖蒲2.肉桂3.厚朴4.辛夷5.五味子6.砂仁7.白豆蔻8.细辛【2】有油管的种类油管小柴防风1.防风2.柴胡3.小茴香【3】含有油室的药：“芎归木丁香油室，吴萸二术泽泻枳”。即川芎、当归、木香、丁香、吴茱萸、苍术、白术、泽泻、枳实。【4】有树脂道的品种：树脂道三人洋1.三七2.人参3.西洋参【5】有分泌细胞的品种：分泌胞鸡地黄1.鸡血藤2.地黄【6】有乳管的品种：乳汁管桔梗党1.桔梗2.党参【7】有粘液细胞的品种：1.半夏(含针晶)2.麦冬(含针晶)3.肉桂4.黄柏半麦针胞粘液，【8】.淀粉粒大黄、何首乌、商陆、太子参、乌头、附子、防己、葛根、板蓝根、甘草、人参、西洋参、白芷、川芎、黄芩、半夏、石菖蒲、川贝母、浙贝母、山药、钩藤、牡丹皮、肉桂、山楂、五倍子豆蔻【9】糊粉粒苦杏仁补骨脂小茴香豆蔻【10】菊糖桔梗、苍术、党参、木香【11】钟乳体穿心莲【12】薄壁细胞含核状物地黄【13】薄壁细胞含糊化的淀粉团块白芍、延胡索、名称有“子”，却非种子的果实类药有：“牛郎织女，鹰蛇起舞”。即牛蒡子、栀（织）子、女贞子、金樱（鹰）子、蛇床子、枸杞（起）子、五（舞）味子。执考经常出现类似这样的题，要是再考到的话，想想牛郎和织女吧！加工方法发汗：“杜玄苓断厚汗。”杜仲、厚朴、茯苓、玄参、续断。蒸煮法：蒸参麻，有巧遇，煮黑附，芍延胡，盐蝎煮，烫水蛭木瓜，太蝥土，还有鹿。蒸或煮，狗脊五。煮后蒸，片白附。蒸：人参、天麻、连翘、郁金、煮：黑附片（川乌、附子、草乌）、白芍、延胡索。盐煮：全蝎、烫：水蛭、木瓜、太子参、斑蝥、土鳖虫、鹿茸、蒸或煮：狗脊、五味子、百部。白附片：先煮，剥皮，切成纵薄片，水浸漂晒至半干，再用硫磺熏后晒干。科属总结【1】伞形科的味药“北回归、南蛇风，两活两胡芷藁芎”。通过这句话可以把教材里伞形科的味药（北沙参、小茴香、当归、南鹤虱、蛇床子、防风、羌活、独活、柴胡、前胡、白芷、藁本、川芎）全都记住。伞形科中药的共同特征是：都有香气，分泌组织是分泌腔，无草酸钙晶体（除川芎含有草酸钙晶体外），都含有挥发油成分。【2】、菊科 13 种药材“木香 2 术冬菊红，茵陈青，北公牛紫。”（木香、川木香、白术、苍术、款冬花、菊花、红花、茵陈蒿、青蒿、北鹤虱、蒲公英、牛蒡子、紫菀）文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4文档编码:CA9V9V2M8Y8 HG8X7H3X7X6 ZK10S10P9B8N4药用部位总结【1】药用部位为块茎的药材，即“两天三泻胡半白”。该句可这样拆：两天（天南星、天麻），三（三棱），泻（泽泻），胡（元胡），半（半夏），白（白芨）。我们可以这样联想：“快禁（块茎），两天泻了三回，胡子都白了一半。”【2】药用部位为根及根茎的药材：“宛西虎仗黄龙胆，山高草长抢仙丹”。即紫菀、茜草、虎杖、大黄、龙胆草、山豆根、藁本、甘草、徐长卿、羌（抢）活、威灵仙、丹参。【3】、块根：何太草块根，二冬百地金。何（何首乌）太（太子参）草（草乌）块根，二冬（天冬、麦冬）百（百部）地（地黄）金（郁金）何首乌、太子参、草乌、天冬、麦冬、百部、地黄、郁金。【4】根茎：山药、知母。莪术、射干、姜黄。药材显微特征总结【1】含有草酸钙针晶的药有：针晶：巧记法“真（针）龙巴肉商夏苍白，天山种香麦。”谐音“真龙把（巴）肉商吓（夏）苍白，天山种香麦”。联想成故事：“真的龙把卖肉的商人吓得脸色苍白，不敢卖肉了，跑到天山种香麦去了。”依次代表上述中药：龙胆草、巴戟天、肉桂、商陆、半夏、苍术、白术、天麻、山药、藿香、麦冬。【2】含有草酸钙砂晶的药有：砂晶：巧记为“砂牛秦钩心，枸肉草洋金”，谐音“杀牛请勾心，狗肉炒羊筋”。分别代表上述中药：牛膝、秦皮、钩藤、细辛、枸杞子、肉桂、草麻黄、洋金花。【3】含有草酸钙方晶的药有：方晶：巧记为“方地甘，厚防黄砂山，红参脂麻洋鸡菖。”谐音为“梵蒂冈，后房黄砂山，红参脂麻养鸡场。”联想成故事为：“梵蒂冈，后房黄砂山，办了个用红参和脂麻喂养的鸡场。”代表的中药依次为：地黄、甘草、厚朴、防己、黄柏、砂仁、商陆、红花、苦参、补骨脂、草麻黄、洋金花、鸡血藤、石菖蒲。【4】簇晶要记牢，蓼太何大小，白芷牡丹芍，三人楂关榆，丁香金银小1.大黄:草酸钙簇晶，棱角大多短钝，多，无石细胞，无纤维。2.何首乌:3.太子参:4.白芍:。5.地榆:7.西洋参：8.三七:.白芷:0.牡丹皮:11.辛夷:丁香:金银花:簇晶细小。山楂:蓼大青叶:小茴香:每一糊粉粒中含细小簇晶1 个。文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1【5】草酸钙柱晶补骨脂沉香、肉桂【6】草酸钙棱晶五倍子【7】草酸钙结晶防己（细小杆状）猪苓（双锥八面体形）、西红花豆蔻浙贝母【8】晶纤维鸡血藤、黄柏、番泻叶苦参石菖蒲【9】晶鞘纤维番泻叶、甘草医学教 育网搜集整理22.气孔不定式细辛金钱草青蒿川贝母23.气孔不等式金钱草、大青叶24.气孔平轴式补骨脂、蓼大青叶、番泻叶25.气孔直轴式广藿香穿心莲26.气孔近环式枳壳26.气孔内陷麻黄27.菌丝茯苓、猪苓28.保卫细胞哑铃麻黄29.薄壁细胞中含橙皮苷结晶薄荷30.硅质块砂仁31.蓝黑色色素颗粒蓼大青叶32.薄壁细胞含紫色素紫草花粉粒类型总结：西红花，球光滑；黄细刺，金银花。洋金花，球长圆，极放雕；红花圆，椭短刺，疣状雕；丁香三，赤双凸，沟妙。四）木质部导管排列略呈“V”字形，形成层不圆的品种：川乌、附子（木质部导管多单列或略呈“V”字形，形成层环多角形）；川芎（木质部导管大多单列或呈“V”字形，形成层环波状）(十)青蒿：丁字毛及腺毛穿心莲叶：非腺毛-心莲穿飞线，丁线用青蒿九、有星状毛的品种石韦-星矢六、含有纤维的品种（木或皮或韧皮纤维）独纤板蓝根1.板蓝根:有木纤维。石韦紫丹参。文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G12.紫草:有木纤维束（新疆紫草无）。3.丹参:木纤维束存在于中央的初生木质部。4.石韦:纤维长梭形，胞腔内充满红综色或棕色块状物（有柄石韦无）七、含菊糖的品种1.桔梗:菊糖众多，有乳管，常互相连接，有节。2.党参：有菊糖，乳管，石细胞，含淀粉粒。3.木香:有菊糖，油室，韧纤维束，木纤维。4.白术:有菊糖，石细胞，纤维束，油室，针晶。菊糖白苍，5.苍术:有菊糖，石细胞，纤维束，油室，针晶。桔党木香。药物味道：1、味极苦：胡连穿心黄马苦。胡黄连、穿心莲、黄连、马钱子、苦参。2、味苦：苦柏芩，北豆及，云马钱，川防己，金石斛，苦秦皮。黄柏、黄芩、北豆根、白芨、云南马钱子、川木香、防己、金钗石斛、秦皮。+绞股蓝、关木通。3、味涩品种：鸡大五狗内紫涩（鸡打得5 个狗内里面成了紫色）大血藤、鸡血藤、五倍子、狗脊、内蒙紫草4、味有辛（或清）凉感的药材薄冰荆砂豆辛凉，辛夷蛇床青牛黄。薄荷（有清凉香气，味辛凉）荆芥（气芳香，味微涩而辛凉）冰片（气清香，味辛凉）豆蔻（气芳香，味辛凉，略似樟脑）砂仁（气芳香浓烈，味辛凉，微苦）蛇床子（气香，味辛凉，有麻舌感）辛夷（气清香，味辛，凉而稍苦）青蒿（香气特异，味微苦，有清凉感）牛黄（气清香，味先苦而后微甜，入口有清凉感，嚼之易碎，不粘牙）5、有麻舌感的药材：麻舌商乌川长卿，半夏三细蛇床丁，牛蒡牵牛天南星。文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 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ZO5O7X5R8G1商陆（甘淡，久嚼麻舌）川乌、草乌（辛辣麻舌）盐附子（味咸而麻舌）川芎（味苦、辛，稍有麻舌感，后微甜）天南星（辛，麻辣）半夏（辛辣，麻舌而刺喉）蛇床子（味辛凉，有麻舌感）牵牛子（辛苦，有麻舌感）“细辛（辛辣，麻舌）徐长卿（辛，有麻舌感）三棱（味淡，嚼之有麻舌感）丁香（辛辣，微有麻舌感）牛蒡子（味苦后微辛，而稍麻舌）”（引号内品种无毒）6、味淡的药材：淡蒲酸沙菟血通，海金草珍鳖二苓，桑螵朱铜滑石雄，野葛桂郁威赭羚。7、气似樟脑的药材：气似樟脑温豆蔻（气死樟脑问豆蔻？）温郁金（气似樟脑，味微辛）豆蔻（气芳香，味辛凉，略似樟脑）8、气香浓烈的品种：白芷气香浓，木当藁川芎9、气芳香的品种香附（微苦）石菖蒲（苦）前胡（白花前胡味先甜后微苦辛；紫花前胡味淡而后苦辛）香附气芳香，前胡苦石菖；10、气清香的品种清紫白枳黄。大黄（味苦微涩，嚼之粘牙，有沙粒感，唾液染成黄色）白术（味甜微辛，嚼之略带粘性）紫苏叶（味微辛）枳壳（味苦而后微酸）11、气特异的品种：气特异北防沙，秦艽紫草天麻。防风北沙参天麻紫草秦艽（气特殊）12、香气特异的品种：香气特异徐长，苍术党参姜黄。徐长卿苍术姜黄党参（有特殊香气）13、气香的品种羌活莪术七、质地方面总结：难折断质硬，狗附山莪棱。文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 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HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1何首乌有云锦状花纹，我们可以联想到“乌云”。商陆有罗盘纹，联想到“商人用罗盘，不然没方向”。银柴胡有珍珠盘，联想到“银色的珍珠盘”。十字花科植物含有芥子苷，联想到圣经中的“十诫（芥）”。樟科植物肉桂，可联想“獐肉”。肉桂主产广西，广西的简称不就是“桂”吗？水龙骨科植物石韦，想到“水滴石穿”。山东（鲁）、河南（豫）主产金银花，不妨想想“路遇（鲁豫）金银，好爽啊！”广地龙的动物来源是参环毛蚓，联想“广东 深（参）圳”。含有分泌细胞的红花，想到“分红”。白芍为毛茛科植物，想到“白毛女”，并据此推断赤勺也是毛茛科植物维管束无限外韧型的是双子叶植物，想到神雕侠侣中的“陆无双”。21 种三级保护野生药材品种名录川(伊)贝母、刺五加、黄芩、天冬、猪苓、龙胆(草)、防风、远志、胡黄连、肉苁蓉、秦艽、细辛、紫草、五味子、蔓荆子、诃子、山茱萸、阿魏、连翘、羌活、石斛。21 种三级保护野生药材品种速记歌诀及注解紫薇丰萸赠猪肉，川味黄连送石斛荆诃刺秦赴远东，胆大心细也难活。注：紫薇丰萸：紫草、阿魏、防风、山茱萸。猪肉：猪苓、肉苁蓉。川味黄连：川(伊)贝母、五味子、胡黄连、黄芩、连翘。荆诃刺秦：蔓荆子、诃子、刺五加、秦艽。远东：远志、天冬。胆：龙胆(草)。细：细辛。活：羌活。1 4 种一级、17 种二级保护野生药材品种名录一级：虎骨、豹骨、羚羊角、梅花鹿茸。二级：马鹿茸、麝香、熊胆、穿山甲片、蟾酥、蛤士蟆油、金钱白花蛇、乌梢蛇、蕲蛇、蛤蚧、甘草、黄连、人参、杜仲、厚朴、黄柏、血竭。4 种一级、17 种二级保护野生药材物种速记歌诀及注解一马牧草射蟾涂，二黄双蛤穿厚杜。三文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 ZO5O7X5R8G1文档编码:CZ9Q6F7Z1R5 HI2Y3Y6M7B6 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