2022届上海市虹口区高考二模英语试题（原卷版）.docx

虹口区2021学年度第二学期学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语试卷考生注意：1 .考试时间120分钟，试卷总分值140分。2 .本考试设试卷和答题纸两局部。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸 上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3 .答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Get the man's salad. B. Check the order again.C. Find a table for the man. D. Pay for the man's bill.2. A. Delighted. B. Respectful. C. Relieved. D. Doubtful.3. A. In a bookstore. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant. D. In a market.4. A. Go to the office. B. Repair her car. C. Give the woman a ride. D. Go to school.5. A. Continue to read. B. Meet the woman at （he library.C. Make some coffee. D. Go out with some friends.6. A. He has taken a course in Russian opera.B. He has learned some Russian words in the opera.C. He enjoys seeing the opera even though it is in Russian.D. He does not understand why students are required to perform an opera in Russian.B. A. The speakers arc unhappy with their life.C. The speakers share a similar view on life.D. The woman is just as unlucky as the man.E. The woman is more sensitive than the man.8. A. The woman does not like the movie. images of food - either immediately following a meal or ahcr fasting （禁食）for at least four hours.New analysis of these scans revealed that activity in the same regions Chen's group had accurately pointed out in mice, the aDCN, appeared to be significandy disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrome. In healthy individuals, the aDCN were more active in response （o food images while fasting （han just after a ineaL but no such difference was identifiable in participants with the disorder. The result suggested that the aDCN were involved in controlling hunger. Further experiments on mice, conducted by researchers from several different institutions, demonstrated that activating the animals' aDCN neurons dramatically reduced food intake by weakening how the brain's pleasure center responds to food.For years neuroscientists studying appetite focused mainly either on the hypothalamus, a brain area involved in regulating energy balance, or on reward-processing centers such as the nucleus accunibens （伏隔核）.But this group has identified a new feeding center in the brain, says Elanor Hinton, a neuroscientist at the University of Bristol in England who was not involved with the study. "I've been working in appetite research fbr the past 15 years or so, and the cerebellum has just not been a targct, Hinton says. "I think this is going to be important both fbr Prader-Willi syndrome and, much more widely, to address obesity in the general population. 43. Before the recent study, scientists had assumed that the cerebellum.A. helps control everyday food intakeplays a minor role in movement harmonyB. has nothing to do with appetite regulation D. has a direct link to behavioral development 44. According to the project conducted by the researchers,. A the healthy testees were more likely to overeat after fastingfood images increased the appetite of the tcstccs with Prader-Willi syndromeB. the aDCN in the healthy testees responded to food images more actively after fastingthe aDCN in the testees with Prader-Willi syndrome made no response to food images 45. What does Elanor Hinton imply about future appetite research?A. It may help in the early diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome.B. It will have broader implications for the treatment of obesity.C. The potential feeding center in human brain remains to be discovered.D. More studies are needed to understand the link between appetite and reward-processing. 46. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. How our brain controls overeating.B. How the aDCN works up our appetite.C. How Prader-Willi syndrome can be prevented.D. How lowering food intake benefits our overall health.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Artificial Intelligence Develops an Ear for BirdsongWe can learn a lot from nature if we listen to it more and scientists around the world are trying to do just that. From mountain peaks to ocean depths, biologists are planting audio recorders to eavesdrop on the whistles and songs of whales, elephants, bats and especially birds. This summer, for example, over 2,000 electronic ears will record the sound scape of California's Sierra Nevada mountain range. 47“Audio data is a real treasure because it contains vast amounts of infbnnation J says ecologist Connor Wood, a Cornell University postdoctoral researcher, who is leading the Sierra Nevada project.lkWe just need to think creatively about how to share and access that information.5,48 Fortunately the latest generation ofmachine-learning AI systems can process thousands of hours of data in less than a day.Stefan Kahl, a machine-learning expert at Coniell's Center fbr Conservation Bioacoustics and Chemnitz University of Technology in Germany, built Bi rd NET, one of the most popular avian-sound-rccognition systems used today. Wood's team will rely on BirdNET to analyze the Sierra Nevada recordings. 49 The neural network then teaches itself which features can be used to associate an input (in this case, a bird's call) with a label (the bird's identity).50 Although they analyze audio much more quickly (han humans, they still lag behind in Hltering out overlapping sounds to home in on a signal of interest. Some researchers see this as the next problem for AI to tackle. Even the current imperfect versions, however, enable sweeping projects that would be far too time- consuming fbr humans to tackle alone. "As ecologists/* Wood says, “tools like BirdNET allow us to drcam big.” A. A wealth of such data already exists for common birds.B. They altogether will generate nearly a million hours of audio.C. These machine-learning AI systems still have room for improvement.D. Such recordings can create valuable snapshots (简介)of animal communities.E. This is a tricky problem because it takes humans a long time to decode recordings.F. Such systems start by analyzing hundreds of recorded bird calls, each “labeled“ with its corresponding species.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read (he following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main poinl(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Is Littering a Surprisingly Big Issue?Compared with the blindingly obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering often takes a backseat - but it's more pressing than wc may think.If you were to throw, say, a banana (香蕉皮)out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that it's part of a fruit right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up to two years to decompose (分解)，and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, that's a whole lot of abandoned banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解)term to (hat of a banana, but (in and aluminium cans last up to 100 years, and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles, Styrofoam cups and plastic bags.Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we can't only measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short biodegrading period, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is abandoned in the UK every day. Similarly, our regular littering here and there has caused the UK's rat population to increase by 60 million. This suddenly isn't so mysterious when you consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an astonishing 500 per cent.It's not a cheap habit either: UK taxpayers shelve out £500 million in order to keep our streets clean, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to £1 billion. So, it's not surprising that if caught fly-tipping you could face a £20,000 fine or even jail (ime and, if you littered something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve.To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not leaving rubbish where it ought not to be. We need a pride makeover, and we need to truly care more about the world around us.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52 .研究说明饲养宠物有助于人的心理健康和性格培养。（contribute）（汉译英）. 言以蔽之，绿色环保理念理应是本届冬奥会最靓丽的底色。（suppose）（汉译英）53 .凭良心说，生活中总有我们在乎的人，也有在乎我们的人，所以每个人都值得善待。（deserve）（汉译 英）.无需多久，无人驾驶飞机送外卖，这个当下鲜为人知的小行业，将迅速开展成为一个年销售额愈千亿 美元的大产业。（before）（汉译英）VI. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是明启中学高三学生李华。某英语杂志最近发起了一个高中生英语征文活动，其主题与内容见下 表。要求参加征文活动者除了写出规定的内容外，还须补充至少两点内容，并进行进一步的阐述。请按要 求写一篇作文，参加这个征文活动。英语征文活动主题the power of a smile内容微笑有助于缓解压力，提高学习效率；微笑是有感染力的 （contagious）,可以 影响身边的人。你补充的内容1.:2.；（3.）注意：作文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级及学校等真实信息。听力答案：1-10ADCDABBABC 11-20 BDA BBC ACDDI免费增值服务介绍，"学科网( s:)致力于提供K12教育资源方服务。y 组卷网()是学科网旗下智能题库，拥有小初高全 学科超千万精品试题，提供智能组卷、 拍照选题、作业、考试测评等服务。网校通合作校还提供学科网高端社群 出品的老师请开讲私享直播课等 增值服务。扫码关注学科网每日领取免费资源回复"ppt"免费领180套PPT模板回复天天领券”来抢免费下载券扫码关注组卷网 解锁更多功能B. The man pays for the tickets as a rule.C. The speakers happened (o meet in the cinema.D. The speakers hold different ideas about ihe movie.9. A. The woman should be optimistic.B. The woman should have trust in herself.C. The woman should make better preparations.D. The woman should let the team believe in her.1(). A. The man is suffering heart disease.B. The man and his family have fallen sick.C. Something happened to the man's daughter.D. The woman has experienced something similar to the man.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 15. B. 20. C. 25. D. 30.12. A. a microwave oven. B. a bottle of water. C. a picnic table. D. a barbecue.13. A. PS Camping has a system to keep customer loyalty.B. PS Camping is a travel agency which originated in UK.C. Customers can book a camping holiday in the U.S. with PS Camping.D. Customers are not allowed to cook dinners indoors for the safety reasons.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Work-life balance and its necessity.B. Benefits of breaks and the suggestions.C. The information overload and its solution.D. Effective methods of promoting productivity.15. A. Because breaks can be easily distracting.B. Because breaks can help them reduce pressure.C. Because breaks can boost employees' productivity.D. Because breaks can leave people in the comfort of the home.16. A. Pausing your work.B. Taking a well-timed break.C. Focusing on one thing for hours on end.D. Arranging the daily schedule for work hours.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Use visual tools to illustrate the detail.B. Provide information about (he economy.C Help people know better about the location.D. Start from the historical background of the island.18. A. The Media Room. B. The Resources Room.C. The Tourist Reception. D. The Tutorial Centre.19. A. Attend the tutorial with the man.B. Book a meeting room on Monday.C. Prepare the visuals and things needed.D. Search fbr information and accurate statistics.20. A. The preparation of a travel leaflet.B. The content of a geography lecture.C. The content of a campus introduction.D. The preparation of a geography presentation.IL Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make (he passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for (he other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Office of the FutureThe office used to be a place which people went to because they had to. Now the pandemic has exposed the office to competition from remote working, and brought up a host of questions about it should be designed in the future.Start with what the office is for. In the past, 2 form it took, it was a place for employees to get their work done. Now other conceptions of its role compete for attention. Some think of the office as the new offsite, the purpose of 3 is to get people together so they can do the things that remote working makes harder: establishing deeper relationships or cooperating in real time on specific projects. 4 talk of the office as a destination, a place that has to make the idea of getting out of bed earlier seem attractive. With fewer people coming in and more emphasis on cooperation, fewer desks 5 (assign) to individuals. Instead, there will be more shared areas, or “neighbourhoods”, where people in a team can work together flexibly. 6 (bridge) gaps between teams, one method is to set aside more of the office to display the work of each department, so that people never 7 (encounter) each other on Zoom can see examples of wha( (heir colleagues do.Variety will be another theme, implying the need for flexibility. A best-known furniture firm compares the difference between the pre- and post-pandeinic office to that between a hotel and a home. Hotels are largely given over to rooms for individuals, 8 "Home is thought of as a place for a family over years, hosting lots of different activitics/'And meeting rooms arc likely to be more flexible, too, with desks sliding and walls 9 (remove).Another (heme is data. Managers alike will want more data in order to understand how facilities are being used, and the question of who owns data and what data are needed is about to become 10 (pressing).Whatever happens, the office won't be what it was.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. fertile B. revvoven C. deep-rooted D. recapture E. produce F. needlesslyG. foodstuffs H. minerals