2022年云南新兴职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

2022年云南新兴职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Every year, in November, Thanksgiving Day reminds us of the good things in life, and people are thankful. On this day people usually eat turkey and great quantities of other foods.Q: The turkey is a most popular food on Thanksgiving Day.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。感恩节这天火鸡通常是必不可少的。因此此题是正确的。第2题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第3题【单项选择题】 environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD、to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第20题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第21题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy metals10B、industrially polluted soilsC、naturally polluted soilsD、rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillary's campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说"女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第23题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B11【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第24题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第25题【单项选择题】We last night but we went to the concert instead.A、must have studiedB、might studyC、should have studiedD、would study【正确答案】c【答案解析】“Should have done"表示过去应该做而实际上没有做到的动作；其否 定式那么表示过去不应该做而实际上已经作了的动作。两者都含有责备之意。第26题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The12amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter becauseA、 it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、 its pull disappears in the presence of the earth's gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feel.packet of butter,找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是 B。 C 项错在 disappearo第27题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。团详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第28题【单项选择题】2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive at13C、drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第29题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth's surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea-water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other sources. And we cannot even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs （冰山）and glaciers （冰I） . Even worse, some of it has been polluted.What percentage of the earth's water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per cent.B、About 97 per cent.C、Exactly 3 per cent.D、Less than 3 percent.14【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而局部以冰 山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 years ago.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用"10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第32题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleB、likelyC、probableD、unlikely【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A.可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ;15C.大概的、可能的；D不可能的 应用举例：“I do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late,他有可能会晚至U会 儿。第33题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第34题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD、will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第35题【单项选择题】16【概括大意】 It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in LiteratureB、Origins of Science FictionC、The Theme of Science FictionD、Science Fiction Has a Short History【正确答案】B【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择Bo第36题【单项选择题】2010.04 What her grandfather said left a impression on her mind. She stillremembers it.A、finalB、 vagueC、 deepD、main【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。此题 考查词汇。形容词意义区分题。final最终的，vague模糊的，deep深的，main 主要的。第37题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of17 the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the ground's surface.A、is positively chargedB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is negative chargedD、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷, 排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第38题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一 个小村庄，就说明了 River Wensum流经Norwich第39题【单项选择题】2008.10ICountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which18【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第40题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无名人士。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第41题【单项选择题】2010.04 There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have it.A、repairB、to repairC、repairingD、repaired【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动 以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第42题【单项选择题】19【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A> they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进彳亍了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第4题【单项选择题】Long life is altering our society, of course, but in experiential.A、itemsB、termsC、 turnsD、themes【正确答案】B【答案解析】in experiential terms意为"从经验上来说”第5题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things;2填句补文】Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show you're unhappy!A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.B、If you ale feeling down, you normally don't sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know you're not pleased.Dlf you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this. 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可以采用线索词来定位。空格处的前后两个句子都是对arms 在具体情况下具体动作的描述。那么用以补充的句子也应是如此，即选项A开朗 的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。第43题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D20【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第44题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.C、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.D、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.E、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第45题【单项选择题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what/s going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C21【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第46题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that "Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of Lucan'sC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD> Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected that/Luckyw, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是 要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第4