2022年北京市石景山区业余大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

2022年北京市石景山区业余大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharp hours.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will.A、help to keep your energy for the day's workB、help you to control your temper early in the dayC、enable you to concentrate on your routine workD、keep your energy cycle under control all day【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是因果关系。回答这一问题的关键是看懂本段的第二句和 其他句子的联系。首先要注意这一段的第一句"Get off to a slow start which saves your energy”,也就是说早上慢慢起床可以节省能量。紧接该句的三个句子都是 慢慢起床的具体做法。因此选项A是正确答案。第2题【单项选择题】阅读选择War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天T生）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence【阅读选择】People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, Idled the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of Lucan'sC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected that"Lucky", as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是 要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第21题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协、；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a10 different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older; maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss woman's long-lost fatherC、he was born about a thousand years agoD、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She said, “My husband has Alzheimer's （老年痴呆）and he shouldn't be driving without me. Numerous thoughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and notify （通知）the doctor's office she had just come from! But at first, I offered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with Alzheimer'sB、the nurse in the doctor's officeC、a local restaurantD、one of her family members【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant可知答案为C项。Helen由于担忧自己丈夫安危,11但又找不到人，情急之下先打 到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第24题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A.开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。第25题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是第26题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/ However, another mother, Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school 12dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches/'Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、 Susan's daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、 Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第27题【单项选择题】2010.04 In order to follow fashions, the girl has to great discomforts.A、catch up withB、put up withC、keep up withD、fall in with【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受 极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with： 和保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。第28题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasion13D、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第29题【单项选择题】2009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第30题【单项选择题】【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So don't give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B、 The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night.14D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All we'd have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、 treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 即 take salt out。第32题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically.B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.15C、 Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正确答案】c【答案解析】是非判断题，根据第五自然段首句But just like （和.一样）your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词 it 指代 biological clock,不是选项internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为C。AD 我们的生物钟自动调节。B光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第33题【单项选择题】【I闻读选择】You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.lf one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说,".rise before your usual hour.work better at your low point. （"如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。16第34题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、 Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第35题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第36题【单项选择题】17【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the "handle" of the ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the "ladle". They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a "ladle" with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.B、 In the thirteen century A.D.C、In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D【答案解析】 本段中 Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第37题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females' names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、its connection with humans【正确答案】C18【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第40题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.19 shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD> it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavior"。可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第3题【单项选择题】He seemed to regard it a small triumph.A、toB、asC、withD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】regard as：把当作；triumph：胜利，成功第4题【单项选择题】A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD> our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【试题分析】语法题。 0 （参看Unit 5课后的补充语法“语序中的例句）【详细解答】否认词never在句 首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第41题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges （正 电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged （负电荷的）.In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground's surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In mo