2022年新人教版八年级英语上册期末复习知识点总结 .pdf

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?Activities：（写出动词过去式）go on vacation 去度假be on vacation 度假stay at home 待在家里go to the mountains 去爬山go to the beach 去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summer camp 去参观夏令营quite a few 相当多study for 为 而学习go out 出去most of the time 大部分时间taste good尝起来很好吃have a good time 玩得高兴of course 当然feel like 给 的感觉；感受到feel like doing sth go shopping 去购物in the past 在过去walk around 四处走走because of 因为one bowl of 一碗 the next day 第二天drink tea 喝茶find out 找出；查明go on 继续take photos 照相something important 重要的事up and down 上上下下come up 出来不定代词有all,each,both,either,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,any,no,(a)few,(a)little,both,enough,every 等，以及由some,any,no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即 somebody,anyone,nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词none 以及由some,any,no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语，而no 和 every 则只用作定语。复合不定代词：由some，any，no，every 加上-body,-one,-thing 构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。somebody=someone 某人something 某物，某事anybody=anyone 任何人anything 什么事物，任何事物，无论什么事物nobody=no one 没有人，不重要的人nothing 没有东西，什么也没有;不重要的人或事everybody=everyone 每人,人人,所有人 everything 每一个事物，一切词组：for nothing(徒劳，没有好结果，免费)，nothing but(仅仅，只不过)，It s nothing.(不用谢，不必在意)anybody else(别人)（1）复合不定代词只相当于名词,在句子中作主语、宾语和表语，而不能作定语。Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。（作主语）I have nothing to say toady.我今天没什么可讲的。（作宾语）Thats nothing.没什么。（作表语）（2）作主语时，谓语动词用单数。（3）代替与-thing构成的复合不定代词，用 it；代替与-body,-one构成的复合不定代词，一般用 they，在正式文体中可用he。如：Everyone knows what they have to do,dont they？Everyone knows what he has to do,doesn t he?每个人都知道他必须做什么，不是吗？（2）something 和 anything 的区别与some 和 any 的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句 或条件状语从句中。I have somethingimportant to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。（肯定句）Someone is asking to see you.有人要见你。（肯定句）Has anything happened？出什么事了吗？（疑问句）We cant decide anything now.我们现在不能作什么决定。（否定句）If you want anything,call me.你要是需要什么可以给我打电话。（条件状语从句）（3）复合不定代词被定语所修饰时，形容词 或不定式等 其他定语则须放在它们的后面。There is nothingwrong with the machine.这机器没出什么毛病。（形容词）This is somethingspecial.这是种特别的东西。（形容词）Is there anythingimportantin todays newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（形容词）Do you want anythingto drink?你想喝点什么吗？If there is anythingI can do for you,please tell me.如果有什么我能帮你的，请告诉我。除与-thing构成的复合不定代词外，即everyone、everybody、someone，somebody都有所有格形式；当其后有 else 时，s要加在 else 后面。如：That must be somebody else scoat;it isnt mine.那一定是别人的外衣，不是我的。everyone=everybody,anyone=anybody,只指人，不能与 of 短语连用；every one,any one可指人也可指物，一定要与of 连用才可以。如：Is anybody here?有人吗？You can take any one of these.你可以随便拿一个。与 some-，any-构成的复合不定代词的用法与some,any的用法相同。与any-构成的复合不定代词一般用于 否定句或疑问句中，not any-构成完全否定，但没有any-not 的说法；与some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句、预料作肯定回答的疑问句、建议 或 请求的疑问句中【巧记复合代词分合】：分合皆能单独用，后加of 合不成。【巧学不定代词】：不定代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。buy sth.for sb./buy sb.sth.为某人买某物taste+adj.尝起来 look+adj.看起来 smell 闻起来sound 听起来feel 感觉起来taste deliciouslook beautiful smell terrible sound wonderful feel comfortable/tired/bored/nothingbut+动词原形除了 之外什么都没有seem+（to be）+adj.看起来 No one seemed to be bored.seem to do sth.arrive in+大地点/arrive at+小地点到达某地decide to do sth.决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事/try to do sth.尽力去做某事forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事want to do sth.想去做某事start doing sth.开始做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事keep on doing sth.反复做某事有小停歇Why not do.sth.?为什么不做 呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此 以至于 it is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth 对某人来说做怎么样tell sb.(not)to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事ask sb.(not)to do sth.要求某人（不要）做某事want sb.(not)to do sth.想要某人（不要）做某事1.anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是anywhere 在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can t find it anywhere.somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。I lost my key somewhere near here.2.seem+形容词看起来,.You seem happy today.seem+to do sth.似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold I seems/seemed+从句看起来好像,；似乎,.It seems that no one believe you.seem like,.好像，似乎,.It seems like a god idea.3.decide to do sth.决定做某事They decide to visit the museum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式He can not decide when to leave.4.start doing sth=start to do sth.开始，可与begin 互换。He started doing his homework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.1)创办，开办：He started a new bllkshop last month.2)机器开动：I can t start my car.3)出发，动身：I will start tomorrow morning.文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 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ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J85.over 介词，多于，超过，在,以上（表示数目、程度）=more than My father is over 40 years old.在,之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under 相反。There is a map over the blackboard.超过：I hear the news over the radio.遍及：I want to travel all over the world.6.too many 太多，后接可数名词复数：Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。We have too much work to do.Dont talk too much.Much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。The hat is much too big for me.Youre walking much too fast.分辨三者的口诀：too much,much too,用法区别看后头：much 后接不可数，too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。7.because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。He can t take a walk because of the rain.because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。I don t buy the shi rt because it was too expensive.Unit2 How often do you exercise?help with housework 帮助做家务on weekends 在周末how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从不once a week 每周一次twice a month 每月两次every day 每天be free 有空go to the movies 去看电影use the Internet 用互联网swing dance 摇摆舞play tennis 打网球stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚at least 至少have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动be good for 对 有好处sb.spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时光be bad for 对 有坏处sb.spend time/money on sth.在某方面花费时间/金钱be good with 与 友好相处sb.spend time/money in doing sth.在做某事上花费时间/金钱be good at sth./doing sth 擅长某事/做某事be friendly with sb.与某人友好相处be friendly to sb.对某人友好be kind to sb.对某人友好go camping 去野营notat all 一点儿也不 in one s free time 在某人的业余时间the most popular 最受欢迎的such as比如；诸如old habits die hard 积习难改go to the dentist 去看牙医morn than 多于；超过less than少于help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事How about?.怎么样？/好不好？want sb.to do sth.想让某人做某事How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？有多少?主语+find+that 从句.发现 It s+adj.+to do sth.做某事的 的。ask sb.about sth.向某人询问某事ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事by doing sth.通过做某事What s your favorite?你最喜爱的 是什么？the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式Which do you like best?你最喜欢词语辨析：1.how often 多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice,three times 等词语。How often do you play sports?Three times a week.how long 多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 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ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here?How long is the ruler?how for 多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。How far is it from here to the park?Its about 2 kilometers.1.free 空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy.be free 有空，闲着，相当于have time.I ll be free next week.=I ll have time next week.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。be free to do sth.自由地做某事。The tickets are free.Youre free to go or to stay.2.How come？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why,但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。How come Tom didnt come to the party?=Why didnt Tom come to the party?3.stay up late 指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don t stay up late next time.stay up 指“熬夜，不睡觉”。He stayed up all night to write his story.4.go to bed 强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。I went to bed at eleven last night.go to sleep 强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。She was so tired that she went to sleep soon.5.find+宾语+名词,发现：We have found him(to be)a good boy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：He found the room dirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：I found her standing at the door.6.percent 百分数，基数词+percent：percent 没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Forty percent of the students in our class are girls.Thirty percent of time passed.7.more than 超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：less than.I lived in Shanghai for more than/over ten years.9.afraid 形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I m afraid we can t come here on time.be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人/某事；be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事。Some children are afraid of the dark.Don t be afraid of asking question.I m afraid+从句，恐怕，担心：Im afraid I have to go now.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事10.sometimes,sometime,some times,some time 的区别：sometimes 频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。SometimesI get up very early.-How often do you get up?sometime 副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.-When will you go to Shanghai next week?some times 名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time 是可数名词，对它提问用how many times.I have read the story some times.-How many times have you read the story?some time 名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用How long.I ll stay here for some time.-How long will you stay here?Unit3 I m more outgoing than my sister.Both Sam and Tom can play the drums,but Sam plays them better than Tom.That s Tara,isn t it?Are you as friendly as your sister?I m shy so it s not easy for me to make friends.文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8文档编码:CH2Y1P8W1O3 HD10C9R6L2F5 ZS8Z9W3V3J8more outgoing 更外向asas与 一样 the singing competition 唱歌比赛be similar to 与 相像的/类似的be the same as和 相同；与 一致be different from 与 不同care about 关心；介意look after 照顾take care of 照顾be like a mirror 像一面镜子the most important 最重要的as long as只要；既然bring out 使显现；使表现出get better grades取得更好的成绩reach for 伸手取in fact 事实上；实际上make friends 交朋友the other 其他的touch one s heart 感动某人be talented in music 有音乐天赋be good at 擅长 be good with 善于与 相处have fun doing sth.享受做某事的乐趣be good at doing sth 擅长做某事make sb.do sth.让某人做某事want to do sth.想要做某事as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与 一样 It s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事 的。词语辨析：laugh v.&n.笑We all laughed loudly when she made a joke.她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。We all laughed at his joke.听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。/不要高兴得太早。（与 at 连用）嘲笑Don t laugh at him.别嘲笑他。People have often laughed at stories told by seamen.人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。Everyone laughed at his foolish antics.大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。笑；笑声We had a good laugh at his joke.我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。though conj.虽然；纵然；即使；尽管=although Though it was raining，he went there.虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。Though he was poo