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    2022年常用中药的功效与药名释义 .pdf

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    2022年常用中药的功效与药名释义 .pdf

    麻黄本品“其味麻,其色黄”(本草纲目),因色黄味麻而得名。发汗解表,宣肺平喘,利水消肿。桂枝“桂枝,即桂树之枝”(本草便读),“唯以嫩枝破卷成圆者用之”(本草经集注),因药用桂树之嫩枝而得名。发汗解肌,温经通脉,助阳化气。紫苏紫,以其叶背色紫而名;“苏性舒畅,行气与血,故谓之苏”(本草纲目)。主要根据颜色与功用而得名。根据其药用部位不同,又有“紫苏叶”、“紫苏梗”与“紫苏子”之名。解表散寒,理气宽中,解鱼蟹毒。香薷“薷,本作柔”(本草纲目)。因其气香,其叶柔而得名。发汗解表,化湿与中,利水消肿。防风“防者,御也,其功疗风最要”(本草纲目),“能防御外风,故名。”(本草害利)。因功用而得名。祛风解表,胜湿止痛,止痉。白芷芷,初生之根干。本品药用其根,色白气香,故名。解表散寒,通窍止痛,燥湿止带,消肿排脓。细辛“细辛其根极细,其味极辛,故名”(本草便读),因其形、味而得名。祛风散寒,通窍止痛,温肺化饮。羌活“羌,古地名,主要分布在甘、青、川一带”(辞海)。本品“以羌中来者为良,故有羌活诸名”(本草纲目),因产地而得名。发散风寒,胜湿止痛。辛夷“夷者,荑也。其苞初生如荑而味辛也”(本草纲目)。本品因形、味而得名。本草衍义云:“以其花未开时,其花苞有毛,光长如笔,故取象曰木笔”,又名“木笔花”。又因“其花最早,南人呼为迎春”(本草拾遗),又名“迎春花”。发散风寒,宣通鼻窍。葱白“葱白,即葱之近根处白茎也”(本草便读)。因颜色而得名。发汗解表,散寒通阳。藁本藁本“根上苗下似禾藁,故名藁本。本,根也”(新修本草)。因形状与药用部位而得名。祛风散寒,胜湿止痛。牛蒡子本品药用其果实,在古本草中多以“恶实”为正名。本草纲目云:“其实状恶而多刺钩,故名”。恶实即牛蒡子也。又因其“外壳如栗球,小而多刺,鼠过之则缀惹不可脱,故谓之鼠粘子”(图经本草)。“其根叶皆可食,人呼之牛菜,术人隐之,呼为大力也”(本草纲目),故又名“大力子”。疏散风热,宣肺祛痰,利咽透疹,解毒消肿。桑叶本品因药用桑树得叶片而得名。因“桑叶以夏秋再生者为上,霜后采之”(图经本草),故又名“冬桑叶”、“霜桑叶”。疏散风热,润肺止咳,平抑肝阳,清肝明目。蝉蜕本品为“蝉所蜕壳也”(图经本草)。故又名“蝉壳”、“蝉衣”、“蝉退”、“虫退”等。疏散风热,利咽开音,透疹止痒,明目退翳,息风止痉。柴胡本品药用其根,在古本草中多以“茈胡”为正名。本草纲目解释说:“茈字有柴、紫二音。茈姜、茈草音紫,茈胡之茈音柴。柴胡生山中,嫩者可茹,老则采而为柴而根名柴胡也”。疏散退热,疏肝解郁,升举阳气。升麻本品“其叶似麻,其性主升,故名”(本草纲目)。根据形状及升浮之性而得名。发表透疹,清热解毒,升举阳气。清热药石膏本品为矿石,水飞后细膩光滑如膏脂,故名。生用:清热泻火,除烦止渴;煅用:收敛生肌,収湿,止血。芦根本品因药用芦苇得根茎而得名。清热生津,除烦止呕,利尿。天花粉本品为栝楼之根,又名“栝楼根”。古时常捣烂滤汁作淀粉用,“其根作粉,洁白如雪,故谓之天花粉”(本草纲目)。清热生津,消肿排脓。竹叶本品因药用禾本科淡竹得叶片而得名。又名“淡竹叶”。清热除烦,生津,利尿。栀子本品药用其果实,原名“卮子”。本草纲目云:“卮,酒器也,卮子象之,故名,俗作栀”。因其形状而得名。泻火除烦,清热利湿,凉血解毒;焦栀子:凉血止血。夏枯草“此草冬至后生叶,至春而花,一到夏至即枯,故名”(本草便读)。因生长特性而得名。清肝明目,散结消肿。黄芩“芩,说文作荃,谓其色黄也。或云芩者黔也,黔乃黄黑之色也”(本草纲目)。本品因色黄而得名。清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎。黄连本品药用其根,“其根连珠而色黄,故名”(本草纲目)。本品因其根茎多分枝,常36 支成束,呈稍弯曲状,形如鹰爪、鸡爪,故又有“鹰爪连”、“鸡爪连”之名。清热燥湿,泻火解毒。龙胆草本品“叶似龙葵,味苦如胆,因以为名”(本草纲目),根据形状、味道而得名。清热燥湿,泻肝胆火。苦参本品药用其根,陶弘景谓,其“根味至苦恶”。本品因其味极苦,形似参而得名。清热燥湿,杀虫止痒,利尿。穿心莲本品“花形似莲,其花蕊穿心而过,故名”(中华药海)。清热解毒,凉血消肿,燥湿。生地黄本品药用其块根。因生于地下,色黄,故名。简称“生地”。清热凉血,养阴生津。玄参“玄,黑色也”(本草纲目)。陶弘景云:“其茎微似人参,故得参名”。本品因形状、颜色而得名。又称“黑参”、“黑玄参”。后因避清代康熙(玄烨)之讳,改“玄”为“元”,而得“元参”之名。清热凉血,泻火解毒,滋阴。牡丹皮本品“以色丹者为上。虽结子而根上生苗,故谓之牡丹”(本草纲目)。因药用其根皮而得名。清热凉血,活血散瘀。紫草“此草花紫根紫,可以染紫,故名”(本草纲目),因颜色而得名。凉血活血,解毒透疹。金银花“花初开者,蕊瓣俱色白,经二三日,则色变黄,新旧相参,黄白相映,故呼金银花”(本草纲目)。本品依据花蕾开放时间先后不同而有黄白二色,犹如金银搭配,故又称“二花”、“双花”,简称“银花”。清热解毒,疏散风热。连翘本品药用其果实,“其实似莲作房,翘出众草,故名”(图经本草),因形状而得名。清热解毒,消痈散结,疏散风热。文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3青黛本草纲目记载:“黛,眉色也灭去眉毛,以此代之,故谓之黛”。本品因古作画眉之用而得名。清热解毒,凉血消斑,清肝泻火,定惊。千里光本品长于清热明目,善疗多种目疾,滇南本草“喻其恢复目力可及千里也”,因功用而得名。清热解毒,明目,止痒。决明子药用其种子,有明日之功,故名。因其形似马蹄,故有“马蹄决明”之称。又因其为植物(草类)药物,故称“草决明”。清肝明目,润肠通便。白头翁本品原植物茎叶密被白色长柔毛,“近根处有白茸,状似白头老翁”(本草经集注),因其形状而得名。清热解毒,凉血止痢。马齿苋“其叶比并如马齿,而性滑利似苋,故名”(本草纲目)。本品因形状、性质而得名。清热解毒,凉血止血,止痢。贯众“此草叶似凤尾,其根一本而众枝贯之。故草名风尾,根名贯众”(本草纲目)。因形状而得名。清热解毒,凉血止血,杀虫。白鲜皮本品药用其根皮。本草纲目云:“鲜者,羊之气也。此草根白色,作羊膻气”,根据其药用部位、气味及颜色命名。清热燥湿,祛风解毒。漏芦本草纲目云:“屋之西北黑处谓之漏,凡物黑色谓之卢。此草秋后即黑,异于众草,故有漏卢之称”。清热解毒,消痈散结,通经下乳,舒筋通脉。土茯苓本品原名“禹余粮”,“相传昔禹行山中,采本品充饥,而弃其余粮,故名。形似茯苓,后遂谓之土茯苓也”(中国药学大辞典),前者根据传说得名,后者根据形状得名。解毒除湿,通利关节。鱼腥草本品因气味而得名。本草纲目云:“其叶腥气,故俗呼为鱼腥草”。本品因有浓烈得鱼腥气味,药用全草而得名。清热解毒,消痈排脓,利尿通淋。败酱草陶弘景云:其“根作陈败豆腐气,故以为名”,本品因有腐败得豆酱气,药用带根得全草得名。清热解毒,消痈排脓,祛瘀止痛。红藤本品药用其藤茎,“根外紫红浸酒一宿,红艳如血”(简易草药),故名。又名“大血藤”。清热解毒,活血祛风止痛。半边莲本品“秋开小花,淡红紫色,止有半边,如莲花状,故名”(本草纲目),因其形状而得名。清热解毒,利水消肿。山豆根本品药用其根及根茎,图经本草云:“苗蔓如豆,根以此名”。主要根据形状而得名。清热解毒,消肿利咽。射干“射干之形,茎梗疏长,正如射人长竿之状,得名由此尔”(图经本草)。本品因形状而得名。清热解毒,消痰利咽。蚤休蚤休,即早日康复之义。本草纲目云:“虫蛇之毒,得此治之即休,故有蚤休诸名”。本品善疗虫蛇之毒,能使之早日康复。本草便读云:“其苗一茎直上,每层七叶,至顶而花”,又名“七叶一枝花”。清热解毒,消肿止痛,凉肝定惊。地骨皮“本品乃枸杞之根皮,入土极深,皮亦极厚,力能至骨,故名”(中华药海)。凉血除蒸,清肺降火。白薇“微,细也。其根细而白也”(本草纲目),本品因形状、颜色而得名。清退虚热,清热凉血,利尿通淋,解毒疗疮。文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3胡黄连胡,“泛指外国或外族得”(新华字典)。本品为外来药物,故称为“胡”。“其性味功用似黄连,故名”(本草纲目)。本晶因产地、性味功用而得名。退虚热,除疳热,清湿热。紫花地丁因其花色紫,地下根如钉,故名。简称“地丁”。清热解毒,凉血消肿。大青叶本品药用其叶片,因“其茎叶皆深青,故名”(本草纲目)。清热解毒,凉血消斑。泻下药大黄本品色黄,故名。因其荡涤肠胃,推陈致新,如戡定祸乱,以致太平,故有“将军”之号,诚如陶弘景所云:“大黄,其色也。将军之号,当取其峻快也”。又因其质佳者切面之纹如锦,故又名“锦纹”。泻下攻积,凉血止血,泻火解毒,活血祛瘀,清泄湿热。芒硝本草纲目云:“此物见水即消,又能消化诸物,故谓之消煎炼入盆,凝结在下,粗朴者为朴硝,在上有芒者为芒硝”。芒硝为含硫酸钠得天然矿物经精制而成得结晶体。芒就是指结于上而细芒如峰者,谓其形;硝,即消,言其功用。本品因形与功用命名。泻下软坚,清热消肿。巴豆“此物出巴蜀,而形如菽豆,故以名之”(本草纲目)。本品因产地、形状而得名。峻下冷积,逐水退肿,祛痰利咽;外用:蚀疮。牵牛子陶弘景云:“此药始出田野人牵牛谢药,故以名之”。李时珍云:“近人隐其名为黑丑,白者为白丑。盖以丑属牛也”,今又名“二丑”。泻下逐水,去积杀虫。大戟本品“其根辛苦,戟人咽喉,故名”(本草纲目)。因味、副作用而得名。泻水逐饮,消肿散结。芦荟芦,黑色;荟,聚也。本品采集后从中提取液汁,色黑而凝聚如饴,故名。泻下,清肝,杀虫。祛风湿药威灵仙“威,言其性猛也;灵仙,言其功神也”(本草纲目)。本品因其性及功神而得名。祛风湿,通经络,消骨鲠。防己防己功能利水消肿,治疗水肿、小便不利等。“名曰防己者,以脾为己土己土受邪之病,而此能防堤之,就是为古人命名之真义”(本草正义)。本品因功用而得名。祛风湿,止痹痛,利水消肿。海桐皮本品“生南海山谷中,树似桐皮而皮黄白色,有刺,故以名之”(海药本草)。因产地与颜色而得名。祛风除湿,通络止痛,杀虫止痒。徐长卿“徐长卿,人名也。常以此药治邪病,人遂以名之”(本草纲目)。本品因人名而得名。祛风通络,止痛止痒。五加皮“五加皮,其树一枝五叶,有交加之象,故名”(本草便读)。因其根皮入药,故名五加皮。祛风湿,补肝肾,强筋骨,利尿。文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3白花蛇“诸蛇鼻向下,独此鼻向上,背有方胜花文,以此得名”(本草纲目)。本品以李时珍得故乡湖北蕲州产者为道地药材,又名“蕲蛇”。祛风通络,止痒,定惊止痉。豨莶草古书上指猪;莶,指气味辛毒之草。本草纲目解释云:“楚人呼猪为豨,呼草之气味辛毒为莶。此草气臭如猪而味莶螫,故谓之豨莶”。本品因气味而得名。祛风除湿,通经活络,清热解毒。桑枝本品药用桑树之嫩枝而得名。祛风通络,行水消肿。伸筋草本品能祛风湿、舒筋活络,有利于筋脉得屈伸,药用全草,故名。祛风除湿,舒筋活络。桑寄生“此物寄寓她木而生,如鸟立于上,故名寄生”(本草纲目)。“诸树多有寄生方家唯须桑上者”,(蜀本草),因而得名“桑寄生”。祛风湿,补肝肾,强筋骨,安胎。狗脊本品药用植物得根茎,苏恭云:此药“根长多歧,状如狗之脊骨”,因形状而得名。祛风湿,补肝肾,强腰膝。木瓜本品药用其果实,“木实如瓜,酢而可食,则木瓜之名取此义也”(本草纲目)。舒筋活络,化湿与胃。化湿药藿香因“豆叶曰藿”(本草纲目),本品叶似豆类植物得叶,气味芳香,故名。芳香化湿,与中止呕,发表解暑。佩兰本草纲目云:“其叶似菊,女子、小儿喜佩之”。本品夏月佩之,辟秽,气香如兰,故名。据记载,夏月采置发中,令头不埴”。埴,意粘,即头发中积得脂膏又不疏通者(古医籍词义)。将本品采置发中,则发不粘膩,故又有“醒头草”、“省头草”之名。芳香化湿,醒脾开胃,发表解暑。白豆蔻本草纲目云:“凡物盛多曰蔻”。本品药用其果实,形似豆,壳白厚,故名。化湿行气,温中止呕,开胃消食。砂仁本品药用其果实,脱去果皮后,内有种仁3060 粒,缩聚成团,散之如砂粒,故名。化湿开胃,温脾止泻,理气安胎。厚朴本品因“其木质朴而皮厚”(本草纲目)得名。燥湿,行气,消积,平喘。利水渗湿药茵陈蒿“此草似青蒿而不香,叶背色白,经冬不死,至春则更因旧苗而生新苗,故有因陈之名”(本草便读)。本品因生长特性而得名。清利湿热,利胆退黄。泽泻“去水曰泻,如泽水之泻也”(本草纲目),本品因功用而得名。利水渗湿,泄热,化浊降脂。葫芦“壶,酒器也;卢,饭器也,此物各像其形,又可为酒饭之器,因以名之”(本草纲目),本品因形状而得名。止泻,利尿,消肿,散结。椒目本品药用植物花椒或青椒得种子,“其子光黑,如人之瞳人,故名之椒目”(本草纲目),本品因色黑及形状而得名。利水消肿,降气平喘。文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3海金沙本品药用植物得孢子,“其色黄如细沙也。谓之海者,神异之也”(本草纲目)。本品因形、色而得名。清利湿热,通淋止痛。萆薢本品“力能外拓而性复下趋,故驱风寒湿而解之于至卑,此所以谓萆薢也”(本草思辨录)。因功用而得名。利湿去浊,祛风通痹。滑石本品为矿石类药物,其“性滑利窍,其质又滑膩,故以名之”(本草纲目)。利尿通淋,清热解暑;外用:祛湿敛疮。石韦本草纲目云:“柔皮曰韦”。本品药用植物得叶片,该植物“蔓延石上,生叶如皮”(名医别录)且柔软,故名石韦。利尿通淋,清肺止咳,凉血止血。虎杖“杖言其茎,虎言其斑”(本草纲目)。本品药用其根茎与根,茎表面散在着红色或紫色得斑点,因药用部位与茎上得斑点而得名。利湿退黄,清热解毒,散瘀定痛,祛痰止咳。木通本品药用其藤茎,古称“通草”。因茎中“有细细孔,两头皆通,故名通草,即今所谓木通也”(本草纲目)。利尿通淋,清心除烦,通经下乳。车前“此草好生道边及牛马迹中”(本草纲目),故曰“车前”;药用其种子谓“车前子”,药用其全草谓“车前草”。利尿通淋,渗湿止泻,清肝明目,清肺化痰。温里药乌头、附子二者同出一物,“初种为乌头,像乌之头也。附乌头而生者为附子,如子附母也。乌头如芋魁,附子如芋子,盖一物也”(本草纲目),皆因其形状而得名。回阳救逆,补火助阳,散寒止痛。高良姜“此姜始出高良郡,故得此名”(本草纲目)。因产地而得名。散寒止痛,温中止呕。荜茇本品原生波斯国,其名为音译而来。温中散寒,下气止痛。荜澄茄本品“生佛誓国”(开宝本草),其名为音译而来。温中散寒,行气止痛。胡椒因其味辛辣似椒,多产于国外,故名。温中下气,消痰解毒。理气药陈皮原名为“橘皮”。习惯认为,新鲜橘皮味较辛辣,气燥而烈,入药一般以放置陈久,辛辣之味缓与者为宜,故名“陈橘皮”、“陈皮”。理气健脾,燥湿化痰。青皮本品乃“橘之未黄而青色者”(本草纲目),故名。疏肝破气,消积化滞。香附本品药用植物得根茎,因“其根相附连续而生,可以合香,故谓之香附子”(本草纲目)。因形状及香气而得名。疏肝理气,调经止痛。木香“本名蜜香,因其香气如蜜也”(本草纲目),故名。原产于印度、缅甸、巴基斯坦等,以前从广州进口,故名“广木香”。行气止痛,健脾消食。文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10I6X6D2V3 ZA3P4P9Q7A3文档编码:CF4A4E10F6D6 HT10

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