2022年地壳的物质组成和物质循环及地球表面形态教案 .pdf

学习好资料欢迎下载地壳的物质组成和物质循环及地球表面形态一、地壳的物质组成1矿物概念：具有确定的化学成分、物理属性的单质或者化合物，是化学元素在岩石圈中存在的基本单元矿产：有用矿物在自然界富集到有开采价值形式气态：天然气液态：石油、天然汞固态：石英(最多)分类金属矿物黑色金属有色金属贵金属稀有金属非金属矿物能源类宝石类地质循环概念：原始地壳形成至今，在漫长的地质历史中，岩石圈和其下的软流层之间存在着大规模的物质循环能源：放射能热能机械能意义大地的沧桑巨变地壳物质形态的转化岩石的转化 学习好资料欢迎下载1板块运动与宏观地形全球被断裂带分成六大板块，板块处于不断运动中板块内部比较稳定，板块交界处比较活跃，或者挤压碰撞，或者彼此分离板块张裂地区常形成裂谷、海洋挤压碰撞地区形成山脉、海沟、岛弧地球上海陆的分布，大规模的山系、高原、平原的地貌格局，是板块运动的结果概念：地壳运动引起的地壳弯曲、变位褶皱背斜形态：向上弯曲地形：山岭(有时成为谷地)向斜形态：向下弯曲地形：谷地(有时成为山岭)断层地垒概念：断层中两侧陷落、中间突起的部分举例：华山西峰、峨眉山万佛顶地堑概念：中间部分相对下沉的断层举例：吐鲁番盆地、渭河平原1外力作用表现形式风化作用侵蚀作用搬运作用沉积作用固结成岩作用形成地貌侵蚀地貌沉积地貌文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 HR5G1I4G8J7 ZZ1Y5P3W2H6文档编码:CR4Z10X6T4B10 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ZT1Z9J7L4Y7学习好资料欢迎下载变质岩岩石受地壳运动、岩浆活动等影响，在一定的温度、压力条件下，使原来的成分、结构发生改变而成新岩石片理构造大理岩是建筑材料；铁矿是钢铁工业重要原料三类岩石在地质作用下通过地质循环不断转化。在读图的时候特别要分清哪些是地质作用，哪些是地壳物质，这是读懂图的前提。三类岩石转化示意文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7学习好资料欢迎下载褶皱和断层是两大基本的地质构造类型，二者在产生原因、结构特征和形成的主要地貌方面存在明显的区别，具体分析如下：地质构造褶皱背斜向斜断层判断方法形态上岩层一般向上拱起岩层一般向下弯曲岩层受力破裂并沿断裂面有明显的相对位移岩层的新老关系上中心部分岩层较老，两翼岩层较新中心部分岩层较新，两翼岩层较老图示构造地貌未侵蚀地貌常形成山岭常形成谷地或盆地大断层，常形成裂谷或陡崖，如东非大裂谷。断层一侧上升的岩块，常成为块状山或高地，如华山、庐山、泰山，另一侧相对下降的岩块，常形成谷地或低地，如渭河平原、汾河谷地，沿断层线常发育成沟谷，有时有泉、湖泊侵蚀后地貌背斜顶部受张力，常被侵蚀成谷地向斜轴部岩性坚硬不易被侵蚀，常形成山岭图示褶皱和断层的对比分析文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 ZT1Z9J7L4Y7文档编码:CR5G9Y2B7K10 HF8Y1C5B4Y7 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