2023考研英语长难句-100句打卡讲义.docx

23考研英语长难句打卡内容学习说明: 本材料句子均来自考研英语（一）、（二）真题。目的在于提升词汇量与长难句分析的能力。请大家先阅读每句话下面的必背生词与中文翻译，然后填空。填空时，部分单词需要变形。填空后，请在“解析”部分阅读原句和长难句分析。祝大家：考上！l.The company, a major energy in New England,justified in123考研英语长难句打卡内容宾语从句1： that引导宾语从句，peer pressure宾从主语can also be a positive force系表结构 谓语宾语从句2: what引导宾语从句，作为through的宾语，she宾从主语calls宾从谓语the social cure 宾语非限制性定语从句：,+ in which引导非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句中：organizations and officials 主语 use 谓语 the power of group dynamics 宾语 to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world 动词不定式作宾语补足语。11. While show that Britons"the countryside alongside the royal family,Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them of their country,this has limited political support.必背生词rate rei t v.打分;n比率poll paul n.投票、民意测验、投票站proudest prau di st adj.最骄傲的alongside a. 10 g sal d prep. 在旁边、与一起参考翻译：尽管民意调查显示，英国人将“乡村”评为令他们最自豪的事物之一，与皇室家庭、莎士比亚 以 及英国国民健康服务并驾齐驱，但这一结果却只获得了有限的政治支持解析：While polls show that Britons rate "the countryside alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.让步状语从句：while连词，引导让步状语从句部分，polls从句主语show从句谓语宾语从句：that引导宾语从句，嵌套在让步状语从句中，Britons宾从主语rate宾从谓语“the countryside, alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) 宾 语as宾从 what 主语 make 谓语 them 宾语 proudest of their country 宾补主句：this 主语 has 谓语 (limited political support 宾语)。12. So what Kennedy was was that while GDP has been the most common method forthe economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough.1023考研英语长难句打卡内容必背生词measure: Tmej or n.措施；v.测量refer to：参考，涉及，谈到解析：So what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough.主语从句作主句主语So what Kennedy主语 was referring to,was that系动词+表语从句，作主句谓语在表语从句中嵌入让步状语从句while GDP主语has been the most common method系表结构 作表从谓语 (for measuring the economic activity of nations 定语)as a measure 状语,it表语从句主语 is no longer enough 系表结构，表从谓语参考翻译因此，肯尼迪的意思是，尽管GDP 一直是衡量一个国家经济活动最常用的方法，但其作为一 种衡量手段已经不太适用了。13. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and digital information in the 21stcentury with the of automobile use as a necessity of life in the 20th: the justices had tospecify novel rules for the new personal of the passenger car then; they must sort out how theFourth Amendment applies to information now.必背生词establishment i staebli f mant n.确立、确定、制定、设置、公司、设施domain du mei n n.领域、域名、产业、领地digital ' d工 d3 工 tl adj.数字的accessibility ak( sesa' bi hti n.可得到、易亲近、可及性、可达性virtue fv3 rtj un.美德，优点参考翻译：法学教授奥瑞科尔将20世纪时确立汽车为生活必须品与21世纪数字信息爆发与可获得性做了 一个对比：法官们当时必须为私家车中的个人空间详细地制定一些创新规则；现在他们必 须弄 清楚如何将第四修正案用在数字信息上。解析：Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th:the justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.1123考研英语长难句打卡内容Orin Kerr 主句 1 主语，a law professor 定语插入语，compares 主句谓语 the explosion andstaccessibility of digital information in the 21 century 宾语 1 with the establishment ofthautomobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20 宾语 2.核心结构在于:compare A with B,将A和B作比较用于对后面内容的介绍或解释分句1: the justices分句主语had分句谓语to specify novel rules宾语for后接定语the new personal domain of the passenger car then;分句2: they分句主语must sort out分句谓语，为情态动词+动词原形结构，how引导宾语 从句作sort out的宾语宾语从句：the Fourth Amendment从句主语applies to从句谓语digital information从句宾语 now.14. At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a volcano worshiped by someHawaiian's as the piko, that the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.volcano vol' kei ndU n.火山connect ka' nekt vt.连接、联合、关联dormant ' do ： mon。adj.休眠的、静止的、睡眠状态的参考翻译：引来争议的是TMT计划兴建的地址位于莫纳克亚山，这座休眠火山被夏威夷人尊崇为连接夏 威夷和天堂的入口。解析：At issue is the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiian's as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.At issue表语，is系动词，此处系表结构作主语，且倒装。the TMT's planned location on Mauna Kea作主语；a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiian's as the piko 作为插入语，其中 worshiped 作 a dormant volcano的后置定语；that 定从 指代 a dormant volcano 作主语，connects 谓语，the Hawaiian Islands宾语 1 to the heavens宾语2,本句核心结构为:connect A to B,将A与B连接起来。15. Calls to all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore thereality that and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are,where we come from and where we are going.1223考研英语长难句打卡内容必背词汇：telescope tell skau p n.望远镜 vt.使精简、使压缩disassemble , di so' sembl vt.拆卸；拆开astronomy o' strD mmi n. 天文学参考翻译：那些要求拆除莫纳克亚山上所有的望远镜，或者禁止在那儿进行未来发展的呼声忽视了 个现 实：天文学和夏威夷文化都在寻求关于“我们是谁”“我们从哪里来”以及“我们要去哪”这 些深奥问题的答案。解析：Calls to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea or to ban future development there ignore the reality that astronomy and Hawaiian culture both seek to answer big questions about who we are, where we come from and where we are going.Call 主语 to disassemble all telescopes on Mauna Kea, or 连同表选择，to ban future development there两个并列选择的动词不定式结构作定语。ignore主语谓语动词the reality主句宾语，that 同位语从句： astronomy and Hawaiian culture 作从句主语 seek 谓语 to answer big questions 宾语，about 介词who we are 宾语从句 1, where we come from 宾语从句 2, and where we are going 宾语从句 3.16. Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of from health, education andcivil society have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries areperforming.必背词汇：engagement i n' gel dj mdnt| n.参与、婚约、约会、交战、诺言perform pa fo ： m vt.执行、完成、演奏criteria krai 6ti ari a n.标准、条件1323考研英语长难句打卡内容参考翻译：此次调查不仅聚焦在GDP上，还涉及健康、教育以及国民社会参与度等40多项不同指标的 衡量，以求对接受调查的国家的表现做一个更全面的评估。解析：Rather than just focusing on GDP, over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement have been measured to get a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing.rather than 连接，focusing on GDP 非谓语over 40 different sets of criteria from health, education and civil society engagement 长主语have been measured 谓语 to get 目的状语a more rounded assessment of how countries are performing 宾语， 其中 of + how 弓I 导的方式宾 语从句，从句中countries为主语，are performing为系表结构，作谓语。17. In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly with those who showed other markers for having higher.必背词汇self-esteem 自尊，自大 n.correspond .ko rdspcind 相当于, 符合 v.参考翻译：有些人认为那些提升自身吸引力的照片是真实的，有些人则为了维护自尊而指出其他的照片，事实上这些人的行为是完全一致的。分析：In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other markers for having higher self-esteem.主句In fact those主语定从1 who主语thought谓语宾从 that the images 主语 higher up the attractiveness scale 定语（were real 宾从谓语） directly corresponded 主句谓语 with those 主句宾语定从 2 who 主语 showed 谓语 other markers 宾语 for having higher self-esteem 宾补.18. Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer's paradise, where people can share only the most photos, the cream of their, style, beauty,and lifestyle.必背生词1423考研英语长难句打卡内容paradise 'pero.dai s天堂 n.wit wi t智力 n.intellect 1 nt（0）Lekt智商高的人 n.flattering fflaeteri g奉承的；讨好的 a.参考翻译因此，脸书便成为了自我抬升者的天堂。在那里人们可以只分享那些美图后的漂亮照片，这 是 他们才智、风格、美丽、智慧和生活方式的精华部分。解析：Facebook, therefore, is a self-enhancer paradise, where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyle.主句 Facebook, therefore, is a selfenhancer's paradise 系表结构作谓语，定从 where people 主语 can share 谓语 only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit, style, beauty, intellect and lifestyl已彳艮长的宾语19. The concept of man machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but thisphenomenon tends to be most felt during economic and recoveries.必背生词acutely lkjutli强烈地 adv.downturn 'dau n.t3 rn衰退 n.recovery ri 'kA vori恢复,复苏 n.versus ' v3 rsos与相对 prep （介词）fragile 'fraedj ol易碎的 a.参考翻译“人机对抗”的概念至少可以追溯到工业革命时期，但这种现象往往是在经济衰退和脆弱的经 济 复苏时期更能被敏锐地感受到。解析The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and fragile recoveries.主句 IThe concept 主语 of man versus machine 定语 is at least as old as the industrial revolution 系表结构作谓语，主句 2 but this phenomenon 主语 tends to be most acutely felt 谓语部分 during economic downturns and fragile recoveries 时间状语20. It is hard to for attention among multibillion-pound project, so it is inevitable thatthe attention is focused elsewhere.1523考研英语长难句打卡内容必背生词InfrastructureI nfra.strA ktj or基础设施 n.Shove j A v(o)l铲 n;v.参考翻译由于很难对数十亿英镑的基础设施项目进行关注，所以他们的注意力就不可避免地被集中于 其 他地方。分析It is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere.主句1It形式主语is hard谓语to shove真正的主语for attention作shovel的宾语among multibillion-pound infrastructure project 状语,主句2so it形式主语is inevitable谓语主语从句 that the attention 主语 is focused elsewhere 系表结构作谓语.且这个主语从句作主句2真正的主语Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than.必背生词：blunder： a stupid or careless mistake .n.愚蠢 / v.犯愚蠢的错误Acclimation: the process or result of becoming accustomed to a new climate or to new conditions, n .适应整句翻译：间隔经历可以减轻由此带来的打击，使他们更易集中精力于学业和各类活动而不是去解决这 些 适应难题。分析Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders .整句结构:复合句主句： Gap year experiences 主语 can lessen 谓语 the blow 宾语时间状语从句 when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment 为 时 间 状 语 从句主 干部分,making it easier to focus on academics and activities1623考研英语长难句打卡内容izthei than acclimation blunders 结果状语.21. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors to "less confined decision making process and the possible presenceof "younger and less experienced managers who are more likely to be influenced by必背生词：.sentiment: ' sen（t）om9nt a view of or attitude toward a situation or event; an opinion.f青绪 n.the presence of 存在attribute: o tn bju： t, ' atrl bju： tregard something as being caused by （someone or something）. 归因于 v.a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic of someone or something.属性 n.整句翻译：幸福感与投资之间的联系在相对年轻的公司里表现尤为明显。作者们把这一点归因于“决策过程程式化不高”以及“较年轻而缺乏经验的经理们更有可能受到情绪的影响”。分析：The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors attribute to “less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of "younger and less experienced managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.主句：The correlation 主语 between happiness and investment 定语，修饰 correlation/ was 系 动词 particularly strong for youngei Sims表语,（系表结构作主句谓语部分）非限制性定从 which the authors 主语 attribute to 谓语“less confined decision making process” 宾语 1 （原因 1） and the possible presence of younger and less experienced managers 宾语 2 （原因2）定从修饰 managers, 从句中 who 主语 are 系动词 more likely to be influenced by sentiment?" 表语（系表结构作从句谓语部分）整句翻译：幸福感与投资之间的联系在相对年轻的公司里表现尤为明显。作者们把这一点归因于“决策过 程程式化不高”以及“较年轻而缺乏经验的经理们更有可能受到情绪的影响”。22. The findings of a research have shown that workers in all countries can betrained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result,higher standards of living.必背生词（填词注意，形容词需要改为副词）institution , insti'tju:/ on n.社会公共机构；制度，惯例，习俗1723考研英语长难句打卡内容radical Taedik01a.根本的,基本的；激进的consistent kon'si stont一致的，始终如一的 a.参考翻译一个研究机构的研究成果同样表明所有国家的工人都可以通过在岗培训的方式实现相当高 的 生产率，因此，也就获得了生活水平的根本改善。解析The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.主句 The findings 主语 of a research institution 定语 have consistently shown 谓语宾从that workers主语in all countries定语can be trained谓语on the job说明是哪方面的训 练to achieve radically highei productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.状语To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans9 innovations and their ideas about the church important subjects that we may notneglect.必背生词theological .Oiladj I k(9)l神学的 n.puritan *pju ri t(o)n清教徒的 a.；苦行者 n.distinctive di *sti gktl v独特的 a.参考翻译从这种视角来研究新英格兰人通常意味着要从清教徒的神学变革和他们对我们不能忽视的教会重要课题的独特见解开始。解析：To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans9 theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church - important subjects that we may not neglect.主句 To take this approach to the New Englanders normally 主语部分 means 谓语 to start with the Puritans? theological innovations and their distinctive ideas 宾语 about the church 定语一 important subjects 补充说明定从 that we 主语 may not neglect 谓语1823考研英语长难句打卡内容But in keeping with our examination of southern life, we may consider the Puritans as carriers of European culture,New World circumstances.必背生词intellectual .I nt（。川ektj uol知识分子 n.;智力的 a.original 0T1 dj on（9）l原稿 n.原创的 a.adjust to 适应参考翻译但是正好符合我们对南部智力生活的研究，我们可以把原始的清教徒看作是欧洲文化适应新世 界环境的载体。分析But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life犬语部分，We 主语 may consider 谓语 the original Puritans 宾语 as carriers of European culture 宾补， adjusting to New World circumstances 说明 宾语的状态.23. Unfortunately, L. A. Unified has produced an policy which that with theexception of some advanced courses, homework may no longermore than 10% of astudent，s.必背生词count for 占比academic grade 分数inflexible I n，fleks9b（o）l adj.缺乏弹性的;僵化的；固守己见的；死板的mandatemaen.dei t V.授权；强制执行n.授权参考翻译：不幸的是，洛杉矶联合学区制定了一项死板的政策：除了一些高等课程，家庭作业在学分中 所 占比例不能超过10%o解析：Unfortunately, L. A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student's academic grade.主句 Unfortunately, L. A. Unified 主语 has produced 谓语 an inflexible policy 宾语定从 which主语 mandates谓语宾从 that with the exception of some advanced courses 状语，homework 主语 may no longer 1923考研英语长难句打卡内容Vermont last week when it announced it was a longstanding to abideby the state's strict nuclear regulations.必背生词outrage: a feeling of great anger (n.)愤怒renege on： to not to do sth you have promised 违背commitment: a promise to do sth (n.)承诺renege on 违背supplier sdfplai