精品解析：广东省广州市天河区2020-2021学年八年级下学期期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

2020学年第二学期天河区期末考试八年级英语（本试卷共四大题，10页，总分值90分。考试时间为100分钟。）考前须知:1 .答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座位号、和考 号填写在答题卡相应的位置上。2 .选择题每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。3 .非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的 相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔或涂改 液.不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、B、C 和D项中选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Books have magical power. They make people wiser and1, And between the pages, book readers can2 anywhere imaginable and become just about anyone.3 many children all over the world don'thave a chance to read.For several years, Maria Keller, 4 teenager from Minneapolis, Minnesota, has been trying to change that. When she was 5, Maria already loved reading. She was surprised to find that classmates didn't read asmuch as she did. She asked her mother: "6 is that?” "That's probably because they were not able to buybooks 7. Books are too expensive fbr them. said her mother. So she decided 8 it.9 her mother's help, Maria created an organization to collect and send books to children in need. At the beginning, Maria set the goal （目标）fbr 10 一 to collect and send l9000,000 books in 10 years. 11 didn't take long to reach that goal. So far, she has collected over 2,400,000 million books and has shipped them to many places around the world.She said: "As I continue my work, I have learned that 2 kids have no books. So I just can't give up, even after 3 my goal. She recently set a new goal to send books to kids in every state in the US, and every country in the world. 14 her hard work, many children have changed their life. Hopefully, more peopleC. The buyer is gentle and hard-working.D. The horse is gentle and good-looking.31. What is the right order of the following events?a. The horse first slept in the comfortable stable.b. The horse worked as the London cab horse.c. The horse got its new name "Jack”.d. The horse got to London.e. A grey-eyed man bought the horse.A. e-d-a-c-bB. e-b-a-c-dC. d-e-c-a-bD. d-e-a-c-bLiving and working in London with Jerry's family, Jack felt.A. relaxed and helplessB. cheerful but impatientC. tired and afraidD. challenged but satisfied【答案】29.C30. B 31. A 32. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一匹马被主人从马市买走来到伦敦，虽然工作具有挑战性，但是 这匹马在主人家过得很开心。【29题详解】推理判断题。 根据文中“A horse fair is an interesting place. There were young and beautiful horses from the country, but there were also a lot of poor, thin horses, tired from bard work.和 At the horse fair, a man with a gentle voice and kind grey eyes, offered 23 pounds for me, but they refused.”可推理出，马市是人们买卖马的地方。故 选C。【30题详解】词句猜想题。根据前句"He's an excellent horse, and if you want him for cab （出租马车）work,“由它是匹好 马，如果你要它做出租马车的工作，和后句"You'll get paid a lot more from its work.”你会从它的工作中得 到更多的报酬。可猜想出，下划线句子的意思应是“这匹马值这个价钱应选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。通读全文可知，根据文中“Then the grey-eyed man came back again and said: “11 give 24 for him.” "DoneJ said the salesman.“可知，首先是一个灰眼睛的人买了 马；根据文中“Half an hour later we went for London, along country roads, until we came to that great city.”可知,接下来是马到达伦敦；根据文中"They led me into a comfortable, clean stable, and after a delicious meal I lay down to sleep, thinking "I'm going to be very happy here".”可知,马第一次睡在舒适的马厩里；根据文中""Let's call him 'Jack9, after the old horse, shall we, Harry?” said Dolly.”可知，然后是这匹马有了新名字杰克；根据文中“The first week of my life asJack, the London cab horse, was very hard.”可知，最后是这匹马在伦敦拉出租马车。故以下事件的正确顺序 ： e-d-a-c-bo【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文中"The first week of my life as Jack, the London cab horse, was very hard. The noise, the people and the traffic on the streets scared me.和 He kept me very clean, and gave me as much food as I wanted. But the best thing was that I had Sundays off.”可推理出，杰克和杰瑞的家人在伦敦生活和工作，他感到有挑 战性，但也很满足。应选D。（C）When you hear of penguins, you may connect them with white snow. Have you heard one kind of penguin that doesn't love snow but warmer weather? For many people, it may sound strange, but you can find penguins of this kind in southern Africa.African penguins live on the coast and islands of southern Africa. They make sounds to communicate. They can dive under water for up to 2.5 minutes while trying to catch small fish. They may also eat other sea animals.The African penguin is about 60cm tall and weighs up to 3.6kg. Their short tails and wings help them swim in the water, while their feet help push them forward. Covered in feathers, white on the belly and black on the back, African penguins can keep off water and keep dry.African penguins do not travel to give birth. The penguins nest in holes out of their own excrement （粪便）， called guano, or they nest in areas under bushes. People now take away the guano fbr fertilizer （肥料）.It has made the penguins change their habits and they have to nest mainly under bushes. Their nests protect eggs and baby penguins from the sun and from animals like cats and seabirds. Both parents also give food to the newly bom babies.African penguins can live fbr about 10-15 years, but many do not reach their full life age, and the number of them has been reducing. African penguins are losing their nesting places. As the weather changes, fewer babies are bom. And their food is not enough as a result of overfishing and pollution. As such, African penguins are now in great danger of dying out. So we should try to help them, like volunteering or raising money for them.32. In Paragraph 1, the writer mainly wants to.A. compare two kinds of penguinsraise people's interest in African penguinsB. check people's knowledge about African penguinsgive detailed descriptions about two kinds of penguins33. According to Paragraph 2-3, which of the following about African penguins is NOT true?A. They can communicate by making sounds.B. They use tails, wings and feet when they swim.C. They are black on the belly and white on the back.D. They live on sea creatures, such as little fish.34. The underlined word '道" in Paragraph 4 refers to "A. nesting in holesB. guanoC. taking away the guanoD. fertilizerAccording to the last paragraph, there are fewer and fewer African penguins because the weather changes African penguins change their habits(3) people catch too many fish the sea is polluted penguin parents don9t look after their babiesA.B.C.D.【答案】33.B34. C 35. C 36. D【解析】【导语】文章介绍了非洲企鹅和它们的现状，呼吁大家保护它们。【33题详解】推理判断题。 根据 “When you hear of penguins, you may connect them with white snow. Have you heard one kind of penguin that doesn't love snow but warmer weather?”可知，作者指出非洲企鹅不爱下雪却喜欢温暖的 天气这个不同于其他企鹅的特点，是为了引起读者的兴趣。应选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据 uCovered in feathers, white on the belly and black on the back, African penguins can keep ofFwater and keep dry."可知，非洲企鹅全身长满羽毛，腹部白色，背部黑色，C项却说它腹部黑，背部 白，表达错误。应选C。【35题详解】词义猜想题。根据前文"People now take away the guano for fertilizer (肥料)可知，人们把鸟粪拿去做 肥料导致企鹅改变习惯，所以it指代的就是“把鸟粪拿去做肥料”这件事。应选C。【36题详解】细节理解题。 根据 u African penguins are losing their nesting places. As the weather changes, fewer babies are born. And their food is not enough as a result of overfishing and pollution. As such, African penguins are now in great danger of dying out.n可知，非洲企鹅正在失去它们的筑巢地是因为天气的变化、过度捕捞和污染，即 o应选D。第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分）阅读短文及文后AE选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最正确选项。Have you ever found yourself waiting at the bus stop, and a stranger may ask you a common question?37 This is a small talk, and it's actually a big part of daily life.38 But it's a natural way for people to connect. It may seem like a waste of time, but it plays an important role in our communication. In fact, we spend lots of our time making small talks. 39 But the good point of small talks is that it can make us happy and improve our lives.40 It can be as simple as saying something nice about one's shirt, asking about their day or discussing about the traffic. A small talk is an act of politeness. Our small talk at our first meeting is a chance to show who we are.Who knows where this can lead? 41 You might find someone who shares the same interest, or maybe even someone who turns out to be your close friend. There is one thing fbr sure: small talks can make our days bright.So next time take the minute to look up and talk to someone around you. After all, it takes a small connection to lead to a larger one.A. How does one start making a small talk?B. Small talks may not seem necessary.C. Besides, we find ourselves making small talks just with the same people.D. Or you may want to ask the person next to you about the weather.E. Nowadays, making small talks can lead to big results.【答案】37.D38. B 39. C 40. A 41. E【解析】【导语】本文介绍闲聊是日常生活中的一个重要局部，文中还介绍了如何开始闲聊以及闲聊带来的结果。 【37题详解】根据 "This is a small talk, and it's actually a big part of daily life?"可知，此处表示想要和旁边的人闲聊一些 内容，D项“或者你可能想问你旁边的人关于天气。”符合语境，应选D。【38题详解】根据uBut ifs a natural way for people to connect."可知，but前后表示转折关系，but后闲聊一种很自然的联系方式，因此but前表示闲聊不重要。B项“闲聊似乎没有必要。"符合语境，应选B。【39题详解】根据uIn fact, we spend lots of our time making small talks. 可知,此处表示我们花费很多时间闲聊，此处表示和哪些人闲聊，C项“而且，我们发现自己只是在和同一群人闲聊。”符合语境，应选C。【40题详解】根据 "It can be as simple as saying something nice about one's shirt, asking about their day or discussing about the traffic.”可知，此处表示如何开始闲聊，A项“怎样开始闲聊呢？ ”符合语境，应选A。41题详解】根据"Who knows where this can lead?”可知，此处回答闲聊导致的结果，E项“如今，闲聊可以带来大的 结果。”符合语境，应选E。四、写作(共三节，总分值33分)第一节语篇填词(共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分)根据短文的内容及首字母提示写出文中所缺单词。Dogs are excellent pets, friendly and smart. Most dogs are good with people. Some dogs, like watch dogs,bark 1 42 to warn people that strangers are coming close.Some bark to e 43 their feelings, such as loneliness and happiness.Many people wonder how to f 44 their dogs. In fact, dogs eat almost_anything! Theirm 45 includes meat, rice, biscuits, and so on. Don9t let your dog eat too much. Always leave waterfor your dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, especially in summer.Remember that dogs need exercise. Don't keep your dog inside all day. It will feel b 46. Youshould take it for a daily walk to cheer it up. Remember, big dogs need longer walks than small ones.【答案】42. (l)oudly(e)xpress43. (f)eed 45. (m)eal#(m)enu. (b)ored【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述狗是很好的宠物，友好又聪明，它们通过吠叫来警告人们有陌生人靠近。同时也会 通过吠叫来表达自己的情感，也介绍了狗的食物有什么以及狗也需要锻炼。【42题详解】句意：有些狗，比方看门狗，会大声吠叫来警告人们陌生人正在靠近。根据下文“to warn people that strangers are coming close可知，此处是表示“大声吠叫”来提醒人们陌生人正在靠近，因此空处应填 loudly,修饰动词bark。bark loud修意为“大声吠叫”。故填(l)oudly。43题详解】句意：一些狗吠叫是为了表达它们的情感，比方孤独和幸福。根据"theirfeelings”可知，此处是指一些狗 吠叫是为了 “表达”它们的情感，express ”表达；表露"，t。为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填 (e)xpress【44题详解】句意：许多人想知道如何喂狗。根据"In fact, dogs eat almost anything!”可知，上文是说想知道怎样“喂” 狗。feed意为“喂养”，t。为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填eed。【45题详解】句意：他们的饭包括肉、米饭、饼干等。根据下文“includes meat, rice, biscuits, and so on.”可知，空处应 填“饭/菜单”；由“includes”可知，空处应填第三人称单数。故填(m)eal/(m)enu。【46题详解】句意：它将会感觉无聊。根据上文"Don keep your dog inside all day.可知，此处是说不要整天把你的狗 关在里面，可推知，狗将会感觉“无聊"。bored意为“(对某人/某物)厌倦的，烦闷的"。故填(b)ored。 第二节完成句子(共7小题；总分值13分)根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成以下句子。(每空限填一词).爸爸昨天一早就出发了。Dad in the early morning yesterday.【答案】Q.set . ofWout【解析】【详解】根据中英文比照可知，空格处应填意为“出发”的短语。set。仟意为“出发"，set out意为“出 发”,且“set”的过去式和过去分词与原形"set"相同。故填set； off7outo.握手是展示礼貌的好方法。a good way to show your politeness.【答案】. Shaking . hands . is【解析】【分析】【详解】shake hands“握手”，在句中作主语，用动名词形式，主语是一件事，be动词用is。故填Shaking； hands； iso.可怜的小狗遇到了善良的女孩儿，得到了细心照顾。The poor dog met a kind girl and well by her.【答案】. was . looked#cared. after#fbr【解析】【详解】“照顾”为lookafter/carefor；根据句意，主语和动词之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态；结合前句 是一般过去时可知，空处应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done；主语是第三人称单数 形式，故助动词应用was, look的过去分词是looked, care的过去分词是cared。故填was； looked/cared； after/fbro.我想知道如何阻止人们杀害动物。I wonder how to people animals.【答案】 . stop#keep#prevent . from . killing【解析】【详解】短语stop/keep/prevent sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事"；疑问词how to do sth."如何做某 事” ；kill “杀死”，是动词,此处用动名词，kill的现在分词是killing,故填stop/keep/prevent； from； killingo.昨天我到家时，妈妈正为我的生日会做准备。Mum my birthday party when I home yesterday.【答案】. was . preparing . for . got#arrived【解析】【详解】根据汉英对照可知，此题是when引导的时间状语从句。根据句中的“正”以及“昨天”可知， 主句“妈妈正为我的生日会做准备''的时态属于过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing。根据主句的主语 “Mum”是第三人称单数，故be动词用was, “为做准备”对应的英文为prepare for,其现在分词形式为 preparing'； "昨天当我到家时”是从句，根据句中的“昨天”可知，时态是一般过去时。“到家”对应的英文 为 get/arrive home, 其过去式为 got/arrived。故填 was； preparing； fbr； got/arrivedo 52.小明很勇敢，告诉了父母真相。Xiaoming to tell his parents the truth.【答案】. It . was . brave . of【解析】【详解】“某人做某事很勇敢”为：It is brave of sb. to do sth., brave形容词,能够形容人的品行，所以用介 词of固定句型；结合语境可知，此题应用一般过去时，系动词应用was。故填It； was； brave； ofo53.当时，他们别无选择，只能等待警察来救援Theyto wait for the police to save them at that time.【答案】ILLhad . no . choice . but【解析】【详解】have no choice but to do sth为固定搭配，意为“除了做某事别无选择”，且根据句中"at that time”提示，此处指的是过去发生的事，故应用一般过去时，动词have的过去式为had,故填had； no； choice； buto第三节书面表达（共1小题；总分值15分）54.你的班级正在举办主题为“畅想未来”的活动。假如你是李华，请你根据下面的提示，在活动中分 享你想象中的未来生活。ClothesFoodHouseTravellingWhat is it like?趣Healthcare clothes卷Eatable bubbleSmart house蹩Flying bagHow does it work?变颜色来显示健康问题迅速获得能量，How doyou feel?注意：1 .词数80-120个左右（文章开头、结尾已给出，不计入词数，请根据要点提示适当发挥）2.不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否那么不予评分。Hello, everyone. I would like to share my ideas of our future life.Thafs all. Thanks for listening.【答案】例文Hello, everyone. I would like to share my ideas of future life. We will lead a healthy, green, smart and convenient future life with the following wonderful inventions.We will wear light Healthcare clothes which look like spacesuits. The clothes will change its colour when there is something wrong with your body. If you feel thirsty or hungry, why not try a round and soft eatable bubble? Just one bubble can satisfy you and help you get enough energy quickly. For our houses, they will be in the shape of spaceships with electrical appliances. They will use solar power and be controlled by computers. Smart and green, isn't it? When it comes to travelling, a flying bag will be a good choice. It will be as small as our schoolbag. Press a button on the bag, and it will take you anywhere anytime safely and conveniently. How amazing it is!I believe these great changes will make our life much more interesting and comfortable. I am looking forward to it.That's all. Thanks fbr listening.【解析】【详解】1 .题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。根据表格提示，提供自己想象中的未来生活。2.写作指导：本文时态以一般将来时为主；人称以第三人称为主。写作时根据要点提示可适当发挥，注意 时态的正确使用，保证句子通顺，逻辑清晰。5 to pass on her kindness.1. A. strong2. A. take3. A. So4. A. a5. A. 8-year-old6. A. How7. A. easy8. A. change9. A. In10. A. herself11. A. It12. A. million of13. A. reach14. A. Because15. A. have continued【答案】l.B 2.CB. strongerB. tookB. HoweverB. anB. 8 year oldB. WhatB. easierB.changingB. WithB. herB. ThatB. millions ofB. reachedB. SoB. continued3.B4. A 5. DC. more strongC. be takenC. ButC. theC. 8-years-oldC. WhyC. easilyC. changedC.AtC. hersC. ThisC. millionC. to reachC. Because ofC. continue.C 7. C 8. D 9.D. strongestD. are takenD. InsteadD./D. 8