广东省深圳市坪山区2022年中考英语一模试题含解析.docx

2022年广东省深圳市坪山区中考一模英语试题英语第一局部选择题（50分）1完形填空（10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上 将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共10小题；每题1分，共10分）On Monday, I stopped my car in front of my daughter Juliets middle school. She jumped in the front seat, feeling 1, She asked me to help her study for her science test.“Dad, I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. And I can 2 make it. ”“You know, memorizing seems like the best way to study, but in fact you can do better in tests if you work on trying to 3 the material, “ I said.Juliet was open to my 4, We had two nights to study before the test. I suggested aplan. Tomorrow night, you are going to 5 the material to me. Tonight, read the unit. Prepare to teach. ”The idea of asking her to teach me was really 6 but I decided to have a try. Studies show teaching somebody else is a very useful way to 7. I expect the act of teaching leadsto more learning than merely memorizing.On Tuesday afternoon, Juliet 8 with her science book facing me and said, “Okay, Dad, let' s study. " I wanted her to teach me. But 9 started happened. I told myself I couldn' t be too hard on her. So instead, we started with me asking her some simple questions. She knew some but not others. When she didn' t know the 10, I encouraged her to check the book.She started checking things that didn' t make sense. And she was actively seeking to test her understanding. I was happy to see that she wasn' t memorizing, she was trying to make sense of things, which was exactly what I expected.1.A.weakB.curiousC.relaxedD.down2.A.easilyB.completelyC.possiblyD.hardly3.A.understandB.rememberC.copyD.repeat4.A.decisionB.adviceC.voiceD.material5.A.roleplayB.readC.writeD.teachIn 2003, China sent its first astronaut Yang Liwei into space. Since then, 13 Chinese astronauts have ureached for the stars” . Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu are three of them. They carried out the latest Shenzhou XIII mission（任务）.26Stay healthyTo be an astronaut, you need to be very healthy. Good eyesight, a strong heart and lungs（肺） are important. 27 For example, a decayed tooth （齿由齿）could get worse in space and bring trouble to astronauts. You can' t have scars （伤疤）either. They may split （裂开）in space, as Pang Zhihao, a space scientist, told the Beijing Morning Post.Become strongerIn China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut. 28 Then you' 11 start training when you become a backup astronaut. It' s very difficult. For example, you need to build your muscles （肌肉）as strong as professional （职业的）athletes by running, swimming and doing pull-ups. You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet. 2930Knowledge is important as well. Astronauts take 60 courses to get ready for a mission, including math, English, spacecraft design, physics and many more. So they will know what to do when emergencies （紧急'情况）happen during the mission. They can also do scientific experiments in space. A. Become expert B. Learn knowledgeBut how did they become astronauts?C. This is like doing tasks during a spacewalk.D. You' d better not have other small health problem.F You must fly more than 600 hours without accidents.【2630题答案】【答案】26. C 27. E 28. F 29. D 30. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍如何成为一名宇航员。【26题详解】根据下文"Stay healthy/Become stronger可知，回答的是成为宇航员的前提。选项C “但他们是如何成10为宇航员的呢？ ”符合情景，应选C。【27题详解】根据下文 “For example, a decayed tooth （龈齿）could get worse in space. . You can' t have scars （伤疤）either. ”可知，要成为宇航员小 健康问题也不能有。选项E “你最好不要有其他小的健康问题” 符合情景，应选E。28题详解】根据"In China, you must be a great pilot before you can be an astronaut” 可矢口，谈论的是成为 宇航员之前必须是一名优秀的飞行员。选项F “你必须飞行600多个小时而不发生事故”符合情景，应选F。【29题详解】根据 "You will also wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet”可知，讲述为模拟太空任务进行水下负重任务训练。选项D “这就像在 太空行走中做任务一样”符合情景，应选D。30题详解】根据下文"Knowledge is important as well”可知，谈论的是知识对于宇航员的重要性。选项B ”学习知 识”符合情景，应选B。第三节信息匹配。（共5小题；每题1分，共5分）以下材料A-F分别是六款app的介绍。请根据五个人的兴趣爱好和需求，帮助他们选择一款合适的app,并 在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。A. Tasty. Tasty is a mobile cookbook with thousands of recipes. If you are new to cooking, you can check out the “5 Ingredients or Less“ sections. It has many easy-to-make meals. Almost every recipe has a short video showing how to make it.B. Habitiea. Habitica helps build healthy hahi ts and a chi eve goal s step by step. The app is like a game. You have your own avatat （虚拟身份）.When you make progress, your avatat can level up and get31 Peter ia a 12-year-oldboy. He is trying to get into good habits and break the bad ones. But he wants to make the process as interesting as a game.32 Martin is preparing tostudy abroad in the UK this year. He needs a useful app to adapt to the new living environment,33 Helen is a mother of twochildren. She wants to make a day-by-day film for her children to11experience points. If you fail to achieve your goals in daily life, your avatat will lose strength.C. ISE. This app will help you record your beautiful memories. Do one second filming every day. If your put together the video of each day, it' s more than 6 minutes of the year! When watching your video, you' 11 feel like you' re on a memory roller coaster（过山车）.D. Soosee. Do you have a food allergy（过 敏）or are you on a special diet? Checking the ingredients of products can be hard. The app Soosee is here to help you! It can scan the ingredient label of products. It then tells you if the product has any food you cannot eat.E. Citymapper. It is a good choice for those who are preparing to go abroad. It recommends the most economical and time-saving route to your destination. Keep your phone in your pocket, the voice instructions can guide you there.F. MyfitnessPal. It is one of the best health apps. If you want to lose, gain or maintain （保持）weight. MyfitnessPal can hel p you keep heal thy diets. You can keep track of your weight, activity and calories （热量）.memorize the beautiful moments.34 Linda is allergic to broad beans （蚕豆）.When she buy the products, she is uncertain whether she can cat them or not.35 Tina is planning to make a meal for the coming Spring Festival for her families. She isn' t good at cooking and needs an app with short videos to help her.12【335题答案】【答案】31. B 32. E33. C 34. D35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍六款app不同的功能。【31题详解】根据"He is trying to get into good habits and break the bad ones” 可知，他正试图养成好习惯， 打破坏习惯。根据选项 B “H破itica helps build healthy habits and achieve goals step by step” 可 知，Habitica这款app帮助建立健康的习惯，逐步实现目标；选项B与之对应，应选B。【32题详解】根据 "Martin is preparing to study abroad. . He needs a useful app to adapt to the new living environment"可知，Martin正准备出国学习，他需要一个有用的应用程序来适应新的生活环境。根据选项 E “It is a good choice for those who are preparing to go abroad. It recommends the most economical and time-saving route to your destination”可知，这款app为那些准备出国的人量身打造，它会建议 选择最经济和最省时的旅游路线到达目的地；选项E与之对应，应选E。【33题详解】根据 "She wants to make a day-by-day film for her children to memorize the beautiful moments” 可知，她想要每天拍摄视频记录孩子美好的成长时刻。根据选项C “This app will help you record your beautiful memories. Do one second filming every day. ”可知，这个应用程序将帮助你记录你的美好 回忆。每天拍摄一秒钟。选项C与之对应，应选C。【34题详解】根据 "Linda is allergic to broad beans” 可知,Linda 是过敏体质。根据选项 D “Do you have a food allergy （过敏）or are you on a special diet. . . It then tells you if the product has any food you cannot eat"可知，这款应用程序可判断食物的成分是否合适。选项D与之对应，应选D。【35题详解】根据 "She isn' t good at cooking and needs an app with short videos to help her” 可矢口， 她不擅 长做饭，需要一个带有短视频的应用程序来帮助她。根据选项A “It has many easy-to-make meals. Almost every recipe has a short video showing how to make it”可知，这款应用程序带有短视频烹饪教学。 选项A与之对应，应选A。第二局部非选择题（25分）13in语法填空（io分）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。My name is Robinson Crusoe. I was born in the old city of York, where there is 36 river, with ships coming and going. My father was a 37 (success) businessman. He gave me a good education and I 38 (expect) to be a lawyer (律师).However, I wanted to be a 39 (sail) and go to sea. My father was very angry with me. He didn' t understand why I wanted 40 (leave) his house, where I would have an easy and comfortable life.“Only the very poor people and the very rich people go to sea, “ he said. "The poor are foolish, having no other way to live. The rich own ships and can make money with 41 (they). You are neither too poor nor too rich, so you should stay at home. 42 you do not listen to me, you will have a difficult life!”I argued with my parents for 43 (near) a year. Then I went to Hull with a friend 44was going to London. He invited me to go with him45ship, and I agreed. I didn' t eventell my parents before leaving. I just went. That was how all my bad luck began.一 From the novel Robinson Crusoe 【3645题答案】【答案】36. a 37. successfulwas expected38. sailor 40. to leave41. them 42. If43. nearly 44. who1445. by【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述鲁滨逊不喜欢父亲安排的生活，想去航海，但是家人不同意；后来 朋友邀请他乘坐轮船去伦敦，他在没有告诉父母的情况下离开，进而开始了他之后的航海之路。【36题详解】句意：我出生在约克老城，那里有一条河，有船来来往往。river “河流”，可数名词单数，辅音音素开头， 此处泛指“一条河”，故填a。37题详解】句意：我的父亲是一位成功的商人。修饰名词businessman,应用形容词修饰名词作定语，successful形 容词“成功的"。故填successful。【38题详解】句意：他给予了我良好的教育，期望我成为一名律师。根据uHowever, 1 wanted to be a sailor”可知I, 我不想做律师，我是被父母期望成为一名律师，此处是被动语态。根据前文“gave me"可知，应该用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done；主语是I,故填was expectedo【39题详解】句意：然而，我想要成为一名水手，然后出海航行。前有a修饰可数名词单数，sailor是名词“水手，船 员”。故填sailoro【40题详解】句意：他不明白我为什么想要离开他的房子，在那里我会过上轻松舒适的生活。want to do sth.”想要做 某事”，前有wanted,故填to leave。41题详解】句意：富人拥有船只，并且用它们赚钱。位于介词with之后，应该使用宾格形式them,指代前文的复数名 词 shipso 故填 them。【42题详解】句意：如果你不听我的话，你会过苦日子。根据"You are neither too poor nor too rich, so you should stay at home",此处是就出海问题父亲与鲁滨逊争吵，父亲告诫他“如果他不听劝告，会过上苦日子”。故填Ifo43题详解】句意：我和父母争吵了将近一年时间。nearly “几乎，差不多”，修饰a year表示大概的时间。故填nearlyo 【44题详解】句意：然后，我和一个耍去伦敦的朋友一起去了赫尔城。先行词是人friend,且定语从句“was going to15London中缺主语，可以用关系词who。故填who。45题详解】句意：他邀请我乘船和他一起前往伦敦，我同意了。后接交通工具ship,且".ship”在句中作状语，应 填方式介词by “乘坐”。故填by。W书面表达(15分)46.去年，第二十二届深圳读书月(Shenzhen Reading Month)活动的主题是“翻开一个新视界”， 你所在的山河中学(Shanhe Middle School)举行了一系列活动。请根据以下提示。用英语写一篇短文介绍 你校的活动。提示：1 .学校举行图书展，向同学们介绍优秀文学作品；.班级设立图书角，同学们可以自由交换书籍；2 .每天下午默读20分钟;.人人做读书提供，给他人推荐一本好书。参考词汇：Book Exhibition 图书展览；literature 文学；Book Comer 图书角；Silent Reading 默读 要求：1 . 80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数内；.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名：2 .可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯；.标点正确，书面整洁。As the saying goes, reading makes a full man. In the 22nd Shenzhen Reading Month held last year,Through these activities, we really love reading now.【46题答案】16【答案】例文As the saying goes, reading makes a full man. In the 22nd Shenzhen Reading Month held last year, our school held a series of reading activities. Here are some of them.To begin with, there was a Book Exhibition in our school. It introduced many great literature works to us students. Then, a book corner was set up in every classroom. As a consequence, we could exchange books with others freely. What? s more, we did Silent Reading for 20 minutes every afternoon. We all enjoyed it very much. Last but not least, everyone in our school shared what they read and recommended a good book to others. It really brought us a lot of fun.Through these activities, we really love reading now.【解析】【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。根据所给提示信息描述下去年在深圳读书月期间，山河中学 举行的一系列读书活动。2.写作指导：本文时态以一般过去时为主；人称以第一人称为主。写作时涵盖要点，不要遗漏，可适当发 挥，确保无单词和语法错误，条理清晰。176. A. foolishB.unacceptableC. unusualD.useless7. A. learnB.memorizeC. talkD.practise8. A. went outB.sat downC. jumped inD.lay down9. A. storiesB.lessonsC. mistakesD.quarrels10. A. wordsB.waysC. plantsD.answers【10题答案】【答案】L D2. D3.A 4. B 5. D6. C 7. A8. B9. C 10. D【解析】【导语】本文主要描述了作者的女儿不擅长背诵，于是求助于作者，以及作者给出以教的方式促学的故事。【1题详解】句意：她跳到前排座位上，感到很沮丧。weak虚弱的；curious好奇的;relaxed放松的;down沮丧的,情绪低落的。根据“She asked me to help her study for her science test. ”可知,朱丽叶想要和父亲寻求帮助，因此之前情绪是低落的。应选D。【2题详解】句意：我很难做到。easily 容易地;completely 完全地;possibly 可能;hardly 几乎不。根据“Dad, I need to memorize a unit about the Reproductive Cycle of Plants. v可知，对于朱丽叶来说记住植物繁殖周期是很难做到。应选Do【3题详解】句意：“你知道，记忆似乎是最好的学习方式，但事实上，如果你努力理解材料，你可以在考试中做得更 好，"我说。understand 理解；remember 记住；copy 复制；repeat 重复。根据 "but in fact you can do better in tests if you work on trying to. . . the material, 可知，理解材料可以帮助我们更好的记忆。应选A。【4题详解】句意：朱丽叶接受了我的建议。decision 决定；advice 建议；voice 嗓音；material 材料。 根据 “We had two nights to study before the test. I suggested a plan.”可知，作者和女儿在准备如何记忆植物繁殖周期表，因此此处是指朱丽叶接 受了父亲的建议。应选瓦【5题详解】句意：明天晚上，你要教我这些材料。roleplay 扮演角色；read 读；write 写；teach 教。根据"Tonight, read the unit. Prepare to teach. ” 可知，此处是指作者要女儿准备一下，然后教他材.料。固定短语teach sth. to sb.“教某人某事”。应选 Do【6题详解】句意：让她教我的想法真的很不寻常，但我决定试一试。foolish愚蠢的;unacceptable不可接受的;unusual不寻常的;useless无用的。根据Ubut I decided to have a仃y."可知，此处是表示转折，虽然让女儿教自己的想法是很不寻常的，但是作者想试一试。应选 Co【7题详解】句意：研究说明，教别人是一种非常有用的学习方式。learn 学习；memorize t己住；talk 讨论；practise 练习。 根据 “I expect the act of teaching leads to more learning than merely memorizing. 可知，此处是指教别人学习，这是一种很有用的学习方式。故 选Ao【8题详解】句意：周二下午，朱丽叶坐下来，拿着她的科学书对着我说：“好吧，爸爸，我们学习吧。”went out 离开;sat down 坐下；jumped in 跳下；lay down 躺下。根据 “On Tuesday afternoon, Juliet. . . with her science book facing me and said, "可知，此处是指朱丽叶坐下来准备教作者。应选B。【9题详解】句意：但错误开始发生了。stories 故事;lessons 课;mistakes 错误;quarrels 争吵。根据 "I told myself I couldn' t be too hard on her.”可知，作者觉得不应该对女儿太严厉，可推断前面是错误开始发生了。应选C。【10题详解】句意：当她不知道答案时，我鼓励她查一下这本书。words 单词；ways 方法；plants 植物；answers 答案。根据 “She knew some but not others. When she didn' t know the. . I encouraged her to check the book. 可知,朱丽叶有些答案知道，有些不知道,因此作 者鼓励她不知道答案时，从书中查出答案。应选D。n阅读理解（40分）第一节阅读选择。阅读以下短文，从下面每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最住选项，并在答题 卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。（共15小题；每题2分，共15分）AHere comes 2022, the Year of the Tiger! For Chinese people, the tiger is the king of all the animals. So in Chinese culture, tigers stand for being brave, strong and powerful! That' s why in China you can see pictures of tigers on the walls of temples and houses. They are to protect these places from disasters and danger.In ancient times, some great generals （将军） were called the “tiger generalsv . Normally, generals would be given a tiger-shaped piece called hufu to send soldiers. Tigers also have a place in the lives of Chinese people. Chinese babies often wear tiger hats and shoes which are made in the shape of a tiger' s head. Parents hope their kids will grow to be as strong as little tigers. People make cloth tigers during Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that the “tigers“ could “eat up” the bad animals and keep illness away. In some parts of China, people make tiger-shaped buns （馍）when the new year comes.Westerners also consider tigers as a symbol of Asia. Singapore, South Korea, China' s Hong Kong and Taiwan一were called “The Four Asian Tigers” . In the book Life of Pi, the Canadian writer chose a tiger as the partner fer Indian boy Pi on his adventure. French fas