北京市汇文中学2021-2022学年八年级下学期期中英语试题（解析版）.docx

北京汇文中学教育集团2021-2022学年度第二学期期中考试初二年级英语考生须知：1.本试卷共13页，共六道大题，39道小题。总分值80分。考试时间90分 钟。2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名和学号。3.试卷答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。4.1. 答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题在答题纸上用黑色字迹签字笔作答。知识运用（共22分）一、单项选择（共12分,每题1分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最正确选项。1. Mr. Smith has got a stomach ache and head hurts.A. herB. hisC. theirD. your【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：史密斯先生胃痛，头也疼。考查代词辨析。her她的;his他的；their他们的;your你的。根据“Mr. Smith”可知,男 性，应用his表示“他的”,应选B。2. China sent Tianwen-1 spaceship into space July 23rd, 2020.A. onB. byC. atD. in【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：2020年7月23日，中国将“天问一号”探测器送入太空。考查介词。on用于指具体某一天；by通常接时间名词，常用于完成时；at用于指某一特定 的时刻；in用于指某个较长的时间（年、月、季节）。空格后“July 23rd, 2020”为具体的 一天，故应用介词on。应选A。3. Tony has entered a lot of competitions,he hasn't won any prizes.A. soB. forC. butD. orAs sports drinks have become an increasingly popular type of beverage, "Are you getting enough electrolytes? has similarly become a hot question. Electrolytes are naturally found in many fruits and vegetables. Through a balanced diet, the body keeps electrolyte levels right where they should be. But sometimes the body loses a lot of fluids really quickly. When that happens, muscle cramps（痉挛），tiredness and other unpleasant feelings may follow. Then an increase of electrolytes can help the body get back to normal.Many people think that sports drinks win games and make us healthy in a second. But the fact is most of us are not professional players training in extreme heat. We don't lose 10 pounds of sweat in one game. Most people, even those who play sports, do not usually have electrolyte imbalances, or need lots of extra carbohydrates.Remember the main ingredients in sports drinks? Water, sugar, and salt. Most diets today are already way too high in sugar and salt. The truly remarkable part of the mix is water. It is used in every single bodily function. We all need it and many of us do not get nearly enough of the stuff. Drinking plenty of water throughout the day and often taking sips while exercising helps the body to reach its best level of performance necessary to meet any challenge.29. What does the underlined phrase "this problem, refer to?A. The players could hardly urinate after a tough game.B. The players were sweating too much during a tough game.C. The players' body weight dropped a lot during a tough game.D. The players' blood sugar and electrolytes were low after a tough game.30. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Drinking water is a better choice than having a sports drink for most people.B. Eating a balanced diet helps keep our blood sugar at a normal level.C. Sports drinks help players restore electrolytes that were lost in games.D. When losing body fluids quickly, we are likely to feel uncomfortable.31. Sports drinks are believed to win games and make us healthy in a second. Should we drink them as much as possible?A. Yes, because there are many healthy ingredients in them.B. Yes, because they help us remain in good condition all of the time.C. No, because many sports drinks on sale are not well made.D. No, because we do not need them as much as athletes do.32. When describing sports drinks, the author's attitude is.A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD.indifferent【答案】29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了运发动为什么在经过一场艰苦的比赛后，在几乎不需要小便的情 况下，体重会减轻很多这一现象，运动饮料可以解决这一系列的问题，但是大多数人并没 有像运发动那样消耗大量的体力，所以多喝水也可以帮助身体到达应对任何挑战所需的最 佳水平。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据“With too much exercise at high temperatures, the players were sweating so much that they didn't have enough fluids left in their bodies. Their blood sugar and electrolyte（电 解质）levels turned out to be very low”可知，为了解决大量运动后，运发动血糖和电解质水 平非常低这个问题，应选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据"Electrolytes are naturally found in many fruits and vegetables. Through a balanced diet, the body keeps electrolyte levels right where they should be”可矢口，通过均衡的饮 食，身体的电解质水平保持在应有的水平，B表述错误，应选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。I艮据"Many people think that sports drinks win games and make us healthy in a second. But the fact is most of us are not professional players training in extreme heat”可知, 我 们不需要喝太多的运动饮料，因为大多数人都不是在极端高温下训练的职业球员，应选Do【32题详解】观点态度题。根据文中描述可知，作者起初是介绍了运动饮料对于运发动的帮助，最后又 讲到了我们大多数人并不像运发动那样需要消耗大量的体力，所以只需要喝水即可，所以 对于运动饮料作者是中立的态度，应选C。DIs gaming good or bad?If you are a kid who enjoys playing video games, you must have argued with your parents at least once about the impact of gaming. Your parents might say that video games are bad for you. They may worsen your eyes, lower your academic performance, and could lead to health problems. As a kid, you probably argue that video games allow you to socialize with your friends, improve your coordination （协调）and memory, and even give you a way to make money through streaming platforms. Could you both be right?One study of game players showed that 35 percent of high school and college students have missed school or work because of games. Some other studies have shown that playing video games leads to poor concentration in school or at work. In my seventh-grade science fair study, elementary and high school kids playing games had lower test accuracy, slower reflexes （条件反射）,less pain awareness and lower response times to threatening sounds during and after having played video games.On the other hand, a study conducted by Cheryl Olson interviewed 1,000 public school students and found that video games can help kids develop problem-solving skills, make friends, show leadership, and spark creativity. They can also be highly educational, because some games involve problem-solving skills or teach things like history, geography, or culture.So, 1 bet you're wondering . should I play video games or not? Who is right?T think kids and parents can both win this argument. How? Most of the negative impacts of video games happen when kids play for too long, so play moderately （适度地）. Here's how to do that.First, talk with your parents and take breaks from your gaming to help around the house or to get some fresh air. Second, try to find video games that are both fun and educational. Third, if you wear a headset to play, take it off every few minutes or leave one ear free so you can hear your surroundings. Fourth, there are also many games that get you up out of your seat. Finally, find some games that you can play with your parents, and you just might surprise them with how enjoyable they are. They may end up having more fun than you!What do you think? Are the good things about video games enough to outweigh the bad?33. What's the main idea of paragraph 1?A. The reasons why playing games is bad for kids.B. Parents and kids hold different opinions towards video games.C. Playing games can cause arguments between parents and their children.D. A story about kids' arguing with their parents about playing video games.34. Cheryl Olsen's study is mentioned to.A. express the author's attitude towards playing video gamesshow the negative impact playing video games can haveB. show the positive impact playing video games can haveD share the findings of the latest research about video games35. According to the article, what is NOT the disadvantages video games bring to kids?A. They may cause harm to kids' eyesight.B. They may make kids difficult to focus on study.C. They may damage kids' coordination and memory.D. They may put kids in danger because of less response time.36. The author is most likely to support.A. playing educational games without breaksalways wearing a headset when playing gamesB. playing active games which parents can take part inremaining seated the whole time while leaving one ear free from your headset【答案】33.B34. C 35. C 36. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过展示各方声音探讨了电子游戏的利与弊，并就如何健康 游戏给出了建议。【33题详解】主旨大意。 根据原文 “If you are a kid who enjoys playing video games, you must have argued with your parents at least once about the impact of gaming” 可知，在电子游戏的问题上，父母 与孩子有着不同的观点，所以总会有争吵。应选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据原文 “found that video games can help kids develop problem-solving skills, make friends, show leadership, and spark creativity . because some games involve problemsolving skills or teach things like history, geography, or culture v 可知, Cheryl Olson 进行的 项研究发现了电子游戏对孩子的益处。应选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据原文“video games allow you to socialize with your friends, improve your coordination （协调）and memory v可知,电子游戏对协调能力和记忆是有好处的。应选Co 【36题详解】细节理解题。根据原文 uFinally, find some games that you can play with your parents, and you just might surprise them with how enjoyable they are. They may end up having more fun than you!”可知，作者同意找一些可以和父母一起玩的游戏的观点。应选C。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答以下问题。（共10分，每题2分）Heart and soulJoe Gardner in the new movie Soul （心'灵奇旅）is a jazz lover and gifted piano player who teaches middle school band. He's seeking success and the approval （认可） of his mother. When he gets a gig （现场演奏）playing with his idol, saxophonist （萨克斯管吹奏者） Dorothea Williams, Joe thinks he's about to fulfill his purpose in life.Then Joe falls down a hole. Eventually, he finds himself in the Great Before, where new souls are prepared fbr life. It9s also where Joe meets Soul Number 22. He's assigned （被安丹E） to help her find her sparkthe passion that motivates （激励） her. But 22 isn't excited about anything until she begins to experience life for herself.Seeing life through 22's eyes awakens something in Joe. He realizes that while music is one of his sparks, he also finds satisfaction in helping others. By guiding 22, Joe gains an appreciation for the little things that make life worth living. For example, 22 gets her spark from ordinary activities, like watching the sky.The characters in Soul are all very interesting. Everyone has something the movie calls a “spark”. The movie suggests that part of the beauty of life is in discovering one's own spark, and in helping others to find theirs as well. Joe's piano pieces, played by musician Jon Batiste, are one of the highlights （最精彩的局部）of the film. The music is impressive and full of feeling. It easy to believe these works take Joe on a musical journey to another world. By hearing them, we are transported too.I give Soul a rating of 9 out of 10. The movie is thought-provoking and inspiring. As the characters learn from one another, the viewer is invited to examine his or her own life.You'H want to watch this film again and again with those who know you best, so you can discuss your spark and why it makes you一you.37. Who are the main characters of the movie Soul?38. What's the meaning of "spark“ in the movie?39. What does Joe gain by guiding 22?40. Does 22 find her spark?41. What's the beauty of life according to the movie?【答案 1 37. Joe Garden and Soul Number 22.42. The passion that motivates a person.43. An appreciation for the little things that make life worth living.44. Yes, she does.45. Discovering one's own spark and helping others to find theirs as well.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电影心灵奇旅的故事梗概以及这部电影 给人们的对于生活的启示。【37题详解】根据第一段 u Joe Gardner in the new movie Soul （心灵奇旅）is a jazz lover and gifted piano player who teaches middle school band.” 可知其中一个主角是 Joe Garden,再根据第二 段"It's also where Joe meets Soul Number 22.v 可知另一个角色 22 号灵魂。故填 Joe Garden and Soul Number 22.【38题详解】根据第二段 " He's assigned （被安排）to help her find her spark一the passion that motivates （激励）her.”可知spark指的就是the passion that motivates （激励）her,可知“灵魂火花”指的就是激励一个人的激情。故填The passion that motivates a person.【39题详解】根据第三段 “By guiding 22, Joe gains an appreciation for the little things that make life worth living."可知通过指导22号灵魂，Joe开始欣赏那些使生活有意义的小事。故填An appreciation for the little things that make life worth living.【40题详解】根据第三段 “For example, 22 gets her spark from ordinary activities, like watching the sky. “ 可 知22号灵魂也从日常小事中找到她的灵魂火花。因此应作肯定回答。故填Yes, she does.41题详解】根据第四段 “The movie suggests that part of the beauty of life is in discovering one's own spark, and in helping others to find theirs as well.”可知这部电影说明了生活中的美丽之处在于发现 自己的灵魂火花，同时也帮助他人找到他们的灵魂火花。故填Discovering one's own spark and helping others to find theirs as well.五、根据句意，用所给词或中文释义的正确形式填空。（共10分，每空1分）46. We（feel） sad when we heard the news that so many people lost their lives in the air crash.【答案】felt【解析】【详解】句意：当我们听到这么多人在空难中丧生的消息时，我们感到悲伤。根据 “heard”可知，此句用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填felt。47. Disneyland company（invent） the first cartoon in 1928.【答案】invented【解析】【详解】句意：迪斯尼公司在1928年创造了第一部动画片。根据“in 1928”可知，此句用 一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填invented。48. So far scientists haven't(discover) life on Mars.【答案】discovered【解析】【详解】句意：到目前为止，科学家还没有在火星上发现生命。根据"Sofar”可知，此处 用现在完成时have done的结构，此空应填过去分词，故填discovered0One of my classmates(send) me several letters since he moved to another city.【答案】has sent【解析】【详解】句意：我的一位同学自从搬到另一个城市以来给我寄了好几封信。since+一般过 去时的句子，主句用现在完成时have/has done的结构，one of修饰主语，助动词用has,故 填 has sento(Hobby) can make you relaxed and develop your interests.【答案】Hobbies【解析】【详解】句意：爱好能使你放松，培养你的兴趣。此空在句中作主语，hobby“爱好”，可数 名词，此处不止一种爱好，故应填名词复数形式，故填Hobbies。49. His book is the best-seller. He is good at(make up) a story.【答案】making up【解析】【详解】句意:他的书是畅销书。他擅长编造故事。be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某 事”，故动词make应用动名词形式。故填making up。50. We are(骄傲的) that Chinese astronauts have been sent into space.【答案】proud【解析】【详解】句意：中国航天员已经被送上了太空，我们为此感到骄傲。“骄傲的”用形容词 proud,作表语，表示我们的感受。故填proud。49.1 can't help(laugh) when we are watching Tom and Jerry.【答案】laughing【解析】【详解】句意：当我们看猫和老鼠的时候，我忍不住笑了。can* help doing sth“忍不 住做某事。动名词作宾语，故填laughing。50.1 don't think my coach will invite us(enter) the competition.【答案】to enter【解析】【详解】句意：我想我的教练不会邀请我们参加比赛。invite sb to do sth"邀请某人做某 事”，动词不定式作宾补，故填to enter。51. Eating fast food and having no exercise are harmful to our（health）.【答案】health【解析】【详解】句意：吃快餐和不锻炼对我们的健康有害。our后接名词作宾语，health“健康”， 不可数名词，故填health。六、文段表达（10分）39、从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不 要写出你的校名和姓名。题目52.假设你是李华，你的英国笔友杰西最近身体不适，医生建议她多做运动，但她不 知道该选择什么样的运动，想请你提供一下经验。请根据提示问题，给她回一封邮件，不 少于50词。邮件格式已给出，但不计入总词数。提示问题：1. What kind of sports do you advise Jessie to do?2. Why is it suitable （合适的）for Jessie?3. How often do you advise Jessie to do it?提示词语：exercise, keep healthy, strongDear JessieI am sorry to hear that you don't feel very well.【答案】例文Dear Jessie,I am sorry to hear that you don't feel very well. I think your doctor's advice is great. You should do some sports to keep healthy.I do sports for at least half an hour every day. Usually I play tennis, swim and jog. Among them, I like swimming best. I swim every day and I have swum for 8 years. At first, I felt a little nervous when I swam. But gradually, I swim better and faster. Of course, I become fitter and I seldom catch a cold. Whafs more, I feel like a fish in the ocean, very relaxed. So swimming is not only a kind of sport to strength our body but also to relax our mind. Why don't you have a try? You can start to swim for 20 minutes every day. Tm sure you will like it and become stronger in a few weeks.Look forward to your reply.YoursLi Hua 【解析】【详解】1 .题干解读：本文是一封电子邮件