2022年山东省德州市高考英语二模试卷(附答案详解).docx
2022年山东省德州市高考英语二模试卷一'阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)AWhen it comes to our favorite adventures,there*s nothing like a trip centered around wildlife. Witness East Africa's Great MigrationOne of the most popular trips is undoubtedly witnessing East Africa's Great Migration.This is an incredible opportunity to see almost two million wildebeest (牛羚),along with zebras and gazelles,begin their journey north from the Serengeti,where they choose to give birth to their young,to the Masai Mara in search of water and better grasslands.The journey is also filled with predators,such as crocodiles and lions,making for dramatic and emotional encounter.Go whale watching in AlaskaAlaska has a lot going for it: shocking glaciers,thick forests and ample wildlife.Alaska has more than three thousand rivers and three billion lakes,and is also home to multiple whale species during the summer months.Visitors can choose to see them on small whale-watching boat tours and on personal sea kayaks.Dive with marine life in the Great Barrier ReefFor scuba divers,nothing can quite compare to Australia's Great Barrier Reef,which is home to more than 1, 600 species of fish, 133 species of sharks and 30 species of whales and dolphins.Unfortunately,the reef has been extremely affected by coral bleaching (漂白) resulting in the loss of reportedly half of its coral.Still,the Great Barrier Reef remains breathtaking,and eco-friendly tours are available.Spot polar bears in SvalbardPolar bears are a striking symbol of wildlife in the Arc tic.To see them in the wild,head to Svalbard,Norway.Tours around the area usually run between June and July,when polar bears spend more time on land.All tours are undertaken by trained guides and carried out under tight rules.For the sake of the tourists1 safety,they are required to watch polar bears from a distance. 1. Why do the animals migrate in East Africa? A. To reproduce their young.B. To seek for water and food.We said our thanksjoined our friends in the park,and dug into our food.But as we talked andate,! was distracted by a man sitting alone nearby,looking at us.I could tell that he hadn'tshowered for days.Another homeless person,! thought,like all the others you see in cities.Ididn't pay much more attention than that.We finished eating and decided to head off for more sight seeing.But when Robby and I went tothe garbage can to throw away my lunch bag,I heard a weak voice ask,nThere isn't any food inthat bag,is there? ”It was the man who had been watching us.I didn't know what to say."No,I ate italready.n,Oh!nwas his only answer.He was obviously hungry,couldn't bear to see anythingthrown away,and was used to asking this question.I felt bad for the man,but I didn't know what I could do.That!s when Robby saidTll be rightback.Please wait a minute,"and ran off.注意:L续写词数应为150左右;2.请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。I watched curiously as she went forward.That day I learned how generosity can go farther than the person you give to.第10页,共21页答案和解析13.【答案】B、C、C【解析】(1) B.细节理解题。根据Witness East Africa's Great Migration局部中的 This is an incredible opportunity to see almost two million wildebeest (牛羚),along with zebras and gazelles,begin their journey north from the Serengeti,where they choose to give birth to their young,to the Masai Mara in search of water and better grasslands.(这是一个令人难以置信的机会,可以看到近两百万头角马,以及斑马和瞪羚,从它们 选择生育后代的塞伦盖蒂平原向北出发,前往马赛马拉寻找水源和更好的草原。)可知, 这些动物在东非迁徙为了寻找水和食物。应选B。(2) C.推理判断题。根据 Dive with marine life in the Great Barrier Reef 局部中的 For scuba divers,nothing can quite compare to Australia's Great Barrier Reef,whichis home to more than 1, 600 species of fish, 133 species of sharks and 30 species of whales and dolphins.(对于潜水者来说,没有什么能比得上澳大利亚的大堡礁,这里是1600多 种鱼类、133种鲨鱼以及30种鲸鱼和海豚的家园。)可知,Dive with marine life in the Great Barrier Reef 最适合人们享受水下旅行。应选 Co(3) C.推理判断题。根据Spot polar bears in Svalbard局部中的All tours are undertaken by trained guides andearned out under tight rules.For the sake of the tourists* safety,they are required towatch polar bears from a distance.(所有的游览都由训练有素的导游进行,并在严格的规 那么下进行。为了游客的平安,他们被要求从远处观看北极熊。)可知,观看北极熊的游 客要严格遵守规定。应选C。本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三个以野生动物为中心的旅行冒险。1.直接信息题:直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原 文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题:间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言 表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题:综合信息题 是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在 文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。47.【答案】C、D、A、B解析(1) C.细节理解题。根据第一段 In the man-dominated finance world,it was hard for me to climb the ladder.I decided to make a change.(在男人主导的金融界中,我很难 出人头地。我决定做出改变。)可知,因为作者在金融界很难晋升和出人头地,所以作 者要换工作,应选C。(2)D.推理判断题。根据第二段 At the critical moment,my husband was the one who told me, “You can do this."(在关键时刻,我的丈夫告诉我,"你做得到。”)可知,作者的丈夫 支持她的选择,故推知关键时刻,是丈夫的支持使作者开始她的烘焙课程,应选D。(3) A.推理判断题。根据第三段 To deal with my initial nervousness,! approached teaching like I were an actor until I got myself comfortable in the class.(为了 应对我最初的紧张情 绪,我像演员一样开始教学,直到我在课堂上感到舒适。)可知,作者为了克服早期的 紧张,在课堂上表现得像演员一样,应选A。(4 )B.推理判断题 o 根据第三段 In this way I not only tested myself but also learnt about what those attendants were interested in and capable of,thus attracting more people to my baking classes.All the classes were in person until March 2020, when I had to switch to teaching online.People told me it was a blessing and a joy to be able to make tasty bread during the pandemic.(通过这种方式,我不仅考验了自己,还了解了这些服务员的兴趣和能力, 从而吸引了更多的人参加我的烘焙课程。所有的课程都是面对面的,直到2020年3月, 我不得不切换到在线教学。人们告诉我,在疫情期间能够制作美味的面包是一种祝福和 喜悦。)可知,作者通过教授烘焙课程考验了自己,并为疫情期间的人们带来了幸福和 喜悦。故推知这个经历对作者来说是有价值的,A.Smooth顺利的;B.Valuable有价值的; C.Ordinary 普通的;D.Regretful 后悔的。应选 B。本文是一篇故事类阅读,主要讲述作者从金融行业辞职,转行开烘焙店并教授烘焙课程。 这个转行的经历考验并锻炼了作者,并为疫情期间的人们带来了幸福和喜悦。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项填写出正确答案。81L【答案】D、A、C、A【解析】(1 )D.细节理解题。根据文章第一段 If you face two similar valued options for where to attend college,you have weighed the pros and cons,but you still have difficulty deciding. You decide to give it more time,and think about it a bit more.(如果你在上哪所大学的问题上面 临着两个价值相近的选择,你已经权衡了利弊,但仍然难以做出决定。你决定给它更多 的时间,并多考虑一点。)可知,做决策时,面对选项,人们总是花很长时间考虑。故第12页,共21页选Do(2) A.词句猜想题。根据划线词前面的options that were roughly equal in value (价值大 致相同的选项)"和后句"In other words,people took longer than they should have when deciding between two equally appealing choices.(换句话说,当人们在两个同样吸引人的 选择中做出决定时,他们花的时间比他们应该花的时间长。)以及“than”可知,划线单 词的意思应该和“equal”相反,即参与者在价值大致相同的选项中花的时间,要比在价值 差异很大的选项中花的时间更多。所以disparity为“区别“之意,与“difference”同义。 A.Difference.区别;B.Preference.偏爱;C.Growth.成长;D.PotentiaL潜力。可知选 A。(3) C.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句In the same way that we have difficulty distinguishing numbers that are nearly equal in value,we also have difficulty choosing between options that are roughly equally pleasant.(就像我们很难区分价值相近的数字一样,我们 也很难在大致相同的选项中做出选择。)可知,当面临两个很相似的选项的时候,人们 反而会犹豫不决。应选C。(4)D.标题判断题。根据最后一段 When options are roughly equal,people tend to take a long time to decide.Does this suggest that if people take a long time to decide,then options are roughly equal? Maybe in some instances,the longer we take to make a decision,the less it matters what we actually choose.(中选项大致相等时,人们往往会花很长时间来做决定。 这是否意味着,如果人们花很长时间来做决定,那么选择就会大致相等?也许在某些情 况下,我们做决定花的时间越长,我们实际选择什么就越不重要。)及全文可知,文章 主要介绍了一个新的研究发现,人们在价值大致相同的选项中所花的时间要比在价值差 异很大的选项中花的时间更多。所以The more time,the better decision?(时间越多,决 定越好?)作为文章标题最为合适。应选D。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现,人们在价值大致相同的选项中 所花的时间要比在价值差异很大的选项中花的时间更多。阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题 一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能 多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材 料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善 于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析, 仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。1215.【答案】B、D、C、D【解析 J( 1 )B.细节理解题。根据第一段 That concept is known as the digital twin and it could provide a way to improve our lives in the real world.(这个概念被称为数字挛生,它可以 提供一种改善我们在现实世界中生活的方法)可知,数字挛生通过提供了改善人们生活 的途径来使人受益,应选B。(2) D.推理判断题。根据第二段 In construction,the digital twin means buildings become safer and cheaper to build because digital twins have access to real weather,structural and stress point data.Bridges like the Queensferry Crossing in Scotland,for example,use measurements of water level and wind speed to improve safety and manage traffic flow.(在建筑中,数字挛 生意味着建筑物的建造更平安,更廉价,因为数字挛生可以接近真实的天气,结构和压 力点数据。例如,像苏格兰的Queensferry Crossing这样的桥梁使用水位和风速的测量 来提高平安性并管理交通流量)可知,数字挛生应用到建筑中。故推知作者提到 Queensferry Crossing的目的是:提出数字学生的应用,应选D。(3) C.细节理解题。根据第四段 Likewise,in healthcare,the digital twin concept means creating computer models of disease or even a virtual human body.Personalized medicines or treatments could then be developed using a medical twin of each patient.(同样,在医疗保 健领域,数字季生概念意味着创立疾病的计算机模型,甚至是虚拟人体。然后可以使用 每个患者的医疗李生开发个性化药物或治疗方法)可知,我们期待数字挛生科技为病人 提供个性化的治疗,应选C。(4) D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"I think maintaining a persistent set of computerized models that are constantly being updated and evolved alongside physical equivalents is really the essence of digital twins," said Michael Kapteyn,a leading researcher studying digital twin computer models.(研究数字挛生计算机模型的杰出研究员Michael Kapteyn说:"我认 为,维护一系列持续的计算机化模型,这些模型与等效物理参数一起不断更新和开展, 这确实是数字挛生体的本质。可知,对于Michael Kapteyn来说,保持数字挛生的不 断更新是至关重要的,应选D。这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“数字挛生”这一概念,并介绍它在各个领域的应用。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的 分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜想,一定要做到有理有据。162().【答案】E、C、F、A、G第14页,共21页【解析】(1) E.段落大意题。根据上文 Its clear that COVID-19 conditions have affected people's stress levels,sleep,and mental health.This,in turn,has led to our poorer performance on tasks that require attention,memory,or decision making.(很明显,新冠的状况影响 了 人们 的压力水平,睡眠和心理健康。反过来,这导致我们在需要注意力,记忆力或决策的任 务上表现不佳o )及下文 Here are some steps you can take to clear the fog away.(这有一 些可以清除脑雾的措施。)说明人们正在遭受脑雾的干扰,并介绍清除脑雾的方法。E 项" Many of us are paying the cost of the pandemic in the form of'brain fog”.(我们中的许 多人正在以''脑雾”的形式,为大流行病付出代价。)”承上启下,应选E。(2) C.推理判断题。根据上文 Nowadays we're exposed to the ever-changing recommendations around COVID.Many social media make their money by grabbing our attention.(如今,我们接触到了有关新冠的不断变化的提议。许多社交媒体通过吸引我 们的注意力来赚钱。)说明我们正处于新冠的危机和压力之下。C项”But repeated exposure to crises does harm to our well-being.(但是,反复暴露于危机会损害我们的健康。)” 承接上文,说明我们正处于新冠的危机和压力之下。应选Co(3 )F.推理判断题o根据下文 When we exercise,we encourage blood flow through our bodies.(当我们锻炼时,我们会促进血液流经我们的身体。)说明锻炼的好处。F项“One of the best tools for fighting depression and thinking more clearly is exercise.(对抗抑郁症和更清 晰地思考的最正确手段之一是锻炼。)”引出下文,说明锻炼可以帮助对抗抑郁。应选F。(4) A.段落大意题。根据下文 So,its a good idea to try to be with others to keep your brain functioning well.(所以,尝试与他人在一起以保持大脑的良好运作是个好主意。)说 明在新冠时期,需要与他人保持联系。A项"Stay connected with others.(与他人保持联 系。)”引出下文,与下文内容一致。应选A。(5) G.推理判断题。根据上文 While many of us have been tough during the pandemic years,we can do something good for our brains at any time: learn new things.(虽然我们中 的许多人在大流行期间都很艰难,但我们可以随时为我们的大脑做一些有益的事:学习 新事物。)建议我们学一些新事物。G项"Some people have learned to play a new instrument,write poems,or build furniture.(一些人已经学会了演奏新乐器,写诗或建造 家具。)”具体列举可以学习的新事物。应选G。这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述清除脑雾”的方法。七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题 时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。2135,【答案】B、A、C、D、A、C、C、B、A、D、A、D、B、C、B【解析】(1) B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.broken破碎的;B.shared共享的;C.lost迷 失的;D.consumed沉迷的。句意:我会停下脚步享受鼓声的共享力量,同时我也感到 好奇。根据前文的"From the powerful sounds,! felt the respect for the nature.(从强烈的声 音中,我感受到了对大自然的尊重)"可知,鼓声让作者感受到了对于自然的敬畏,所 以作者会停下脚步享受这份鼓声传递出的共享力量。应选B项。(2) A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.curious好奇的;B.confused困惑的;C.funny有趣的; D.annoyed生气的。句意:我会停下脚步享受鼓声的共享力量,同时我也感到好奇。根 据空后疑问句'Where were the sounds of the drum from?(鼓声来自哪里?)”可知,作 者对于鼓声很好奇。应选A项。(3) C.考查动词及语境理解。A.matching匹配;B.preparing准备;C.gifting赠送,送给; D.recording记录,记载。句意:是谁送给我们一天惊奇的开始?本句话中作者继续推测 鼓声的来源,从前文可知鼓声来自其他人,所以送给我们一个令人惊奇的开始,符合文 意。应选c项。(4)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.conquering侵占;B.searching搜寻;C.approaching临近; D.hiking徒步。句意:我是否能够通过徒步走上Piestewa的山顶体验打鼓仪式呢?根据 第一段第一句话”when hiking early (当早起徒步时)”可知,作者是徒步登山。应选D 项。(5) A.考查名词及语境理解。A.drummer鼓手;B.singer歌手;C.guide导游;D.climber 登山者。句意:我碰巧遇见了鼓手Ken Kushiro。前文可知,作者想要探究鼓声的来源, 而后文中"Despite a large drum on his back (尽管他背着一面大鼓)”可知,作者遇到了 鼓手。应选A项。(6) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.lesson课程,教训I; B.promise承诺;C.part局部;D.luck 运气。句意:我告诉他,我能在日出前醒来很大一局部是因为他。根据句意可知,作者 能在日出前醒来,鼓手是一局部原因。应选C项。(7) C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.gentler更温和;B.slower更慢;C.faster更快;D.heavier 更重。句意:尽管他背着一面大鼓,他也走得比我快。根据后文” Soon,Iwas by myself in the dark.(很快,我就单独一人处在黑暗中)”可知,鼓手走得更快。应选C项。(8) B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.counton指望,依靠;B.focus on集中注意力于; C.hold on坚持,继续;D.passon传递。句意:我就被迫集中注意力于当前的经历,而第16页,共21页 不是担忧未来。根据前文”Soon,Iwas by myself in the dark.(很快,我就单独一人处在 黑暗中)”可知,作者要在黑暗中徒步行走,所以要集中注意力在当前的经历上。应选 B项。(9) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.soften使柔和,减轻;B.brighten使明亮,高兴;C.shorten 变短;D.harden变硬。句意:当我按照自己的步调爬山时,黑暗开始减轻。根据后文”As the trail gained more natural light (当小路有了更多的自然光亮)”可知,天亮了,所以 黑暗减轻。应选A项。(10) D.考查名词及语境理解。A.drum鼓;B.music音乐;C.peak山峰;D.sun太阳。 句意:当小路有了更多的自然光亮,我意识到太阳总会升起。动词rise,多用于太阳升起, 句中也提到了光线越来越多,所以应该是太阳升起。应选D项。(11) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.rewarded奖励,值得;B.replied回复;C.filled填满; D.sheltered保护,掩蔽。句意:在山顶附近,我滑进了一条大裂缝,在那里我可以看到 我最喜欢的区域的惊人景色。根据句意,作者虽然滑进了缝隙,但是意外收获了美景, 这是一种奖励。应选A项。(12) D.考查名词及语境理解。A.challenge挑战;B.dream梦想;C.excuse借口; D.moment 时候,时刻。句意:在山顶上,我看到Ken在等待迎接这一天的完美时刻。根据文章可 知,鼓手Ken会在太阳升起的时候击鼓。应选D项。(13) B.考查副词及语境理解。A.normaUy正常地;B.quickly快速地;C.carefully仔细 地,小心地;D.directly直接地。句意:当粉色、金色和紫色与橙色结合之时,对自然 的尊重会随着太阳的升起而迅速增长。太阳升起的速度很快,因此,对自然的尊重也是 迅速增长。应选B项。(14) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.change改变;B.knowledge知识;C.strength力量,力 气;D.victory胜利。句意:然后,Ken开始击鼓,传递着大自然的智慧和力量。根据前 文中"shared energy from drumming (来自鼓声的共享力量)”可知,Ken的鼓声传递了 力量。应选C项。(15) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.abandoned抛弃;B.connected连接;C.applied应用, 申请;D pared比拟。句意:一个来自内心的神圣声音将我与更高的自我联系起来。 根据后文"Together we shared a moment of awakening.(我们一起提供了觉醒时刻)”可 知,是me和a higher myself 一起提供了觉醒时刻,所以用connected把me和a higher myself联系起来。应选B项。这是一篇记叙文。作者徒步时,总会在日出时听见击鼓的声音,对此十分好奇,并想耍 一探究竟。在探索过程中,作者见到了鼓手,也见到了没注意过的美景,也因此对人生 有所思考。做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须 先通读一至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分 析,前后一致。选择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案 全部填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅了,用词得当,意思正确。36【答案】【小题【小题2】performance【小题3 such【小题4】hugely【小题5】to小题 6 has modeled【小题7】ranging【小题 8 requires小题9 to learn【小题10 which【解析】(1) a.考查冠词。句意:对于自由式滑雪和时尚爱好者来说,今年冬奥会上 围绕着Eileen Gu的传闻已经成为了热门话题。后文可数名词单数hit为泛指概念,应用 不定冠词限定。hit发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。(2) performance.考查可数名词的单数。句意:周二,Gu在比赛中的金牌表现使她成 为全球关注的焦点,在中国引发了一股热潮,社交媒体平台微博因此崩溃。根据前文名 词所有格Gds可知,此处应用perform的名词performance作主语。根据句意,用单数 形式。故填 performanceo(3) such.考查固定句型。句意:周二,Gu在比赛中的金牌表现使她成为全球关注的焦 点,在中国引发了一股热潮,社交媒体平台微博因此崩溃。根据句意和后文that可知, 此处为suchthat引导结果状语从句,such用来修饰名词(短语)a craze。故填such。(4) hugely.考查副词。句意:但Gu花了数年时间把自己打造成一名顶级运发动和一个 真正可信赖的典范。修饰后文形容词reliable用副词作状语。故填hugely。(5) to .考查介词。句意:2019年,Gu将自己对体育的热爱转向了母亲的祖国,她也在 中国电视广告中占据了一席之地。devotion to (献身于)是固定搭配。故填t。(6) has modeled.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:JD 是她近几个月来代言的著名品牌 之一。根据句意和时间状语in recent months可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示过去开始第18页,共21页 的动作或状态一直持续到现在。主语she是第三人称单数,故填has modeled。(7) ranging.考查现在分词。句意:事实上,她带着20多个商业伙伴来到北京,从Beats 到Cadillac。分析可知,空格处为非谓语,动词range和前文commercial partnerships之 间是主动关系,故用其现在分词作后置定语,逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从句。故 填 ranging o(8) requires.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:就像滑雪一样,典范需要创造力、自信以及 学习和适应的能力。根据句意可知,此处描述客观规律,用一般现在时,主语为动名词 转化的名词modeling,谓语动词用单数,故填requireso(9) to learn,考查动词不定式。句意:就像滑雪一样,模特需要创造力、自信以及学习 和适应的能力。根据句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语