中考动词时态专题复习.ppt

英语动词时态讲解 动词动词谓语动词谓语动词时态、语态时态、语态虚拟语气虚拟语气非谓语动非谓语动词词不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动词的分类动词的分类时态定义：在英语中，不同时间发生的动作要用不同的动词形式来表 示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。时态一般现在时一般将来时一般过去时现在进行时现在完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时 语态语态时态时态主动主动一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时.过去将来时过去将来时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时将来完成时将来完成时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时v./v.svedwill+vwould+v.had+Vp.phave/has+Vp.pwill have+Vp.pam/is/are+Vingwas/were+Ving最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配最常用的几种时态与时间状语的搭配一般现在一般现在every,sometimes,at,on Sunday,often 现在进行现在进行now,现在完成现在完成for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in the past years,always,recently 一般过去一般过去yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the other day,in 1982,just now 过去进行过去进行this morning,the whole morning,all day,yesterday,from nine to ten last evening when,while 过去完成过去完成before,by,until,when,after,once,as soon as 一般将来一般将来next,tomorrow,in 过去将来过去将来多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作多用在间接引语中表示发生在谓语动作以后的动作General exercises1.I (have)this book for 2 weeks.have hadhave hadare plantedare planted2.Every year,many trees (plant)along the river.3.Keep quiet,please!They (have)a lesson.are havingare having4.-Hi,Lin Tao.I didnt see you at the party.-Oh,I (get)ready for the exam.waswas gettinggetting5.Tom (go)to bed early，but his brother doesnt.6.Listen!Jims radio (make)a loudnoise.Would you please tell him to turn it down?goesgoesis makingis making1 1、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的时态为：为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进 行、过去行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进行、过去将来等。进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进行、过去将来等。2 2、时间、条件、让步等、时间、条件、让步等状语从句中动词的时态状语从句中动词的时态；主从句时态主从句时态呼应问题。呼应问题。3 3、几种时态的替代问题几种时态的替代问题.一般现在时1.表示一般情况和经常发生的动作。2.时间状语为1)every day 或 every 引导的时间状语2)often，always，usually 一般现在时3.动词碰到第三人称单数时，要加“s”1)work-works2)辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry-carries3)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加“es”，如wash-washes4)go-goes5)do-does6)have-has7)be 的一般现在时是am is are 一般现在时例句Knowledge begins with practice.She said that the sea water is salty.In some parts of the world,such as in England,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.serves C.is served D.served 一般现在时在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时在时代替一般将来时.(when,before,if,as soon as,.(when,before,if,as soon as,unlessunless If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the countryside.一般过去时1.指过去发生的动作或事情2.时间状语：1)yesterday 引导的词组2)ago 引导的词组3)last 引导的词组4)the day before yesterday 一般过去时3.动词变化：动词变成过去式，动词加“ed”4.Play-played1)辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry-carried2)重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstop-stopped3)以e结尾的加-d 4)不规则的用法要牢记 2 2 一般过去时的用法一般过去时的用法 表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态表示过去发生的，和现在没有联系的动作或状态1.-Look!Someone has spilt（溢出）coffee on the carpet.-Well,it _(be)me.was3.一般将来时1 1 .一一般般将将来来时时表表示示计计划划、打打算算、企企图图做做某某事事或或来来注注定定要要发发生生的的事事情情。2 2 .表表示示将将来来时时的的四四种种形形式式w wi il ll l /s sh ha al ll l +动动词词原原形形b be e g go oi in ng g t to o d do o b be e a ab bo ou ut t t to o d do o(正正要要干干什什么么)b be e t to o d do o be going to be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而willwill表示表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。-The telephone is ringing.-The telephone is ringing.-I _ answer it.-I _ answer it.A.will B.am going to C.am to D.am about toA.will B.am going to C.am to D.am about to -Alice,why didnAlice,why didnt you come yesterday?t you come yesterday?-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.A.had B.would C.was going to D.did A.had B.would C.was going to D.did be going to be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而will will 不不能表示能表示 Look at the clouds!ItLook at the clouds!Its going to rain.s going to rain.be going to be going to 有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而有很强的计划性，打算干什么，而willwill表示表示谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。谈话时临时决定的意图，具有临时性和偶然性。-The telephone is ringing.-The telephone is ringing.-I _ answer it.-I _ answer it.A.will B.am going to C.am to D.am about to A.will B.am going to C.am to D.am about to -Alice,why didnAlice,why didnt you come yesterday?t you come yesterday?-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.-I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.A.had B.would C.was going to D.did A.had B.would C.was going to D.did be going to be going to 可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而可用来表达某种迹象要发生的事。而will will 不不能表示能表示 Look at the clouds!ItLook at the clouds!Its going to rain.s going to rain.4 4be about to do be about to do 表示表示“正要干什么正要干什么”，表示即将发生的动作，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用不与表示将来的时间状语连用。常与常与when when 连用，连用，when when 此时意思：此时意思：就在这时，是并列连词就在这时，是并列连词 构成句型：构成句型：be about to do be about to do whenwhen.I I was about to was about to leave leave _it rained.it rained.when特别注意特别注意（1 1）一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表一般现在时表示将来，特别用于车、船、飞机等时刻表中安排好的。中安排好的。The plane_(leave)tomorrow.The plane_(leave)tomorrow.（2 2）某些瞬间动词某些瞬间动词“go,come,arrive,leave,start,begin,fly,go,come,arrive,leave,start,begin,fly,take take”等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。等用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。I Ive won a holiday for two to Floria.I ve won a holiday for two to Floria.I _(take)my mum._(take)my mum.leavesam taking现在进行时1.表示正在发生的动作。2.时间状语：now/Look/Listen3.由be动词动词ing构成4.动词变化加ing1)clean-cleaning2)以不发音“e”结尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ingmake-making3)重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ingswim-swimming过去进行时1.指在过去的某一个时间正在发生的动作。2.时间状语1)at this time yesterday2)at five oclock yesterday afternoon3.动词由be动词+动词ing形式构成4.例句He was watching TV at this time yesterday.现在完成时1.动词变化 动词变成过去分词加ed1)Play-played2)辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如carry-carried3)重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstop-stopped4)不规则动词2.动词由have（has）+过去分词 构成现在完成时3.表示动作已经完成1)He has left.2)I have already had a rest.4.表示动作不仅已经完成，还要持续（在这个用法当中，动词要用延续性动词，与for引导的一段时间和since引导的短语连用）1)He has been away for two days.2)I have already taught in this school since 1990.3)The bird has been dead for a month.4)We have made lots of friends since we came here.6 6.现现在在完完成成时时1 1表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或结果，有时没有时间状语，有时有时间状语。有时没有时间状语，有时有时间状语。They have cleaned the classroom.(They cleaned the They have cleaned the classroom.(They cleaned the classroom and the classroom is clean now.)classroom and the classroom is clean now.)2 2 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继表示过去已经开始，持续到现在而且可能继续下去的动作状态。续下去的动作状态。He hasnHe hasnt given me any more trouble since then.t given me any more trouble since then.has been1.-When did he go to America?-Oh,he _(be)there since half a year ago.Collecting stamps as a hobby _(become)increasingly popular during the past fifty years.has become8 8.现现在在完完成成进进行行时时构成：构成：have/has been doinghave/has been doing表示过去某一动作状态一直持续到现在，也可能表示过去某一动作状态一直持续到现在，也可能将持续下去。将持续下去。-Isn-Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work?t it hard to drive downtown to work?-Yes,that -Yes,that why I _ to work by train.why I _ to work by train.A.have been going B.have gone A.have been going B.have gone C.was going D.will have gone C.was going D.will have gone 9.9.将来完成时将来完成时：will/shall+have done will/shall+have done 表示将来某一时间之前完成的动作，常与表示将来时表示将来某一时间之前完成的动作，常与表示将来时间的状语连用，间的状语连用，如：如：by the end of+by the end of+将来时间的短语将来时间的短语,by the time+by the time+从句（从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时）从句（从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时），这时句子或主句应用将来完成时，这时句子或主句应用将来完成时 We will have finished the work by the time he comes back.We will have finished the work by the time he comes back.10.10.一般将来进行时一般将来进行时；will be dong/shall be doing will be dong/shall be doing 表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作 What will you be doing this time tomorrow?What will you be doing this time tomorrow?1.By the end of this month,we surely _ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A.have found B.will be found C.will have found D.are finding 2.The conference _ a full week by the time it ends.A.must have lasted B.will have lastedC.would last D.has lasted l Exercises p831.He stepped into the office,_ down and began to fill in the forms.A.sitting B.to sit C.sat D.having it2.She said she would telephone but we _from her so far.A.havent heard B.didnt hear C.hadnt heard D.wont hear3.When I got to the cinema,the film_for ten minutes.A.has begun B.had begun C.had been on D.was1.Ill go with you as soon as I_my homework.A.will finish B.finish C.am finishing D.finished2.If it_tomorrow,I wont go to the cinema.A.will rain B.rains C.is raining D.rained3.She is going to be a nurse when she_up.A.is going to grow B.grows C.growing D.grew7.“这本书我已经买了三个月了。这本书我已经买了三个月了。”，下列哪一句不对？，下列哪一句不对？A.I have had this book for three months.B.I have bought this book for three months.C.I bought this book three months ago.D.It is three months since I bought this book.8.Come in,Peter,I want to show you something.Oh,how nice of you!I _ you _ to bring me a gift.A.never think;are going B.never thought;were going C.didnt think;were going D.hadt thought;were going1.When I was at college I _ three foreign languages,but I _ all except for a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten C.had spoken;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten2.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.A.has broken into;has been stolen B.had broken into;had been stolen C.has been broken into;stolen D.had been broken into;stolen1.Have you moved into the new house?No yet,the rooms _,A.are being painted B.are painting C.are painted D.are being painting2.We havent heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose _ to her?A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.having happened1.Do you know our town at all?No,this is the first time I _ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming2.We could have walked to the station.It was so near.Yes,A taxi _ at all necessary.A.wasnt B.hadnt been C.wouldnt be D.wont be1.If city noises _ from increasing,people _ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A.are not kept;will have to B.are not kept;have to C.do not keep;will have to D.do not keep;have to2.Tom _ into the house when no one _.A.slipped;was looking B.had slipped;looked C.slipped;had looked D.was slippping;looked 3.The last time I _ Jane,she _ cotton in the fields.A.had seen;was picking B.saw;picking C.had seen;picked D.saw;was picking