中考英语复习之动词课件.ppt

中考英语语法复习中考英语语法复习动 词一一.动词的分类动词的分类三三.动词的语态动词的语态二二.动词的时态动词的时态四四.非谓语动词非谓语动词动词分类动词分类概念概念能独立作谓语的动词能独立作谓语的动词本身有意义，但不能独立作本身有意义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语。谓语。本身无意义或意义不完整，本身无意义或意义不完整，不能单独作谓语。不能单独作谓语。有一定词义，本身不表示动有一定词义，本身不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表达说话作和状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。人的态度。实义动词实义动词系动词系动词助动词助动词情态动词情态动词用法用法练习练习Iusually_atsixinthemorning.A.getupB.getsupC.gotobedTheearth_aroundthesun.A.goB.moveC.moves3.时间、条件状语从句的时间、条件状语从句的从句部分（从句部分（）Hewillgiveyouthebookassoonashe_you.A.willseeB.seesC.see主主+V原原/V-(e)s1.经常性或习惯性的动作经常性或习惯性的动作时间标志：时间标志：every;always;often;sometimes;at;neveronSundays;onceaweekusually;2.客观真理客观真理,客观存在客观存在,科科学事实学事实主将主将从现从现单数第三人称：单数第三人称：肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+动词动词s/es否定句：主语否定句：主语+doesnt+动词原形动词原形疑问句：疑问句：Does+主语主语+动词原形动词原形其他人称：其他人称：肯定句：肯定句：主语主语+动词原形动词原形否定句：否定句：主语主语+dont+动词原形动词原形疑问句：疑问句：Dont+主语主语+动词原形动词原形类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况readuse以以sh，ch，s,x和和o结尾结尾finishwatch ;gomiss ;fix以辅音字母以辅音字母 +y+y 结尾结尾stud ;tr ;不规则变化不规则变化havehas-sss-eseseseseses变变y为为i再加再加-esiesies肯定肯定:否定否定:疑问疑问:她经常在回家前完成作业她经常在回家前完成作业.She often finishes her homework before she goes homeShe doesnt finish her homework before she goes homeDoes she often finish her homework before she goes home?谓语是行为动词时谓语是行为动词时,否定和疑问句要借助助动词否定和疑问句要借助助动词dodo或或doesdoes,原来的行为动词要用原形原来的行为动词要用原形.1.A:Howoften_sheexercise?B:Twiceaweek.A.doB.doesC.doing2.I_liketodrinkmilk.A.notB.doesntC.dont3.Goodfoodandexercise_metostudybetter.A.helpB.helpsC.helping4.IwillletyouknowaboutitassoonasI_thenews.A.willgetB.getsC.get5.Healways_schoolearlyand_homelate.A.goto;comesbacktoB.goesto;comebackC.goesto;comesback6._she_eatingmooncakes?A.Is;likeB.Do;likeC.Does;like7.“DoesWangLi_Englishwell?”A.speakB.speaksC.say用法用法练习练习He_thecountrysidewhenhewasyoung.A.livesB.livedC.livedin1.He_lastyear.A.stopstowriteB.stoppedwriteC.stoppedwriting2.我们尽了全力，终于成功了。我们尽了全力，终于成功了。We_andwemadeitatlast.主主+V-edtriedourbest表示过去某一时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作内所发生的动作或情况或情况时间标志：时间标志：yesterday;thedaybeforeyesterday;last；ago等表示过等表示过去时间的词语去时间的词语肯定句：主语肯定句：主语+过去式动词过去式动词否定句：主语否定句：主语+didnt+动词原形动词原形疑问句：疑问句：Did+主语主语+动词原形动词原形类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况join ;work以字母以字母e e结尾结尾like ;live以辅音字母以辅音字母 +y+y 结尾结尾studied;tried;以重读闭音节结以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母个辅音字母stop ;drop不规则变化见不规则变化见BOOK3edd变变y为为i再加再加ed双写尾词加双写尾词加edededddpedped肯定肯定:否定否定:疑问疑问:Tom Tom 刚才打了电话给她刚才打了电话给她.Tom rang her just now.Tom didnt ring her just now.Did Tom ring her just now?谓语是行为动词时谓语是行为动词时,否定和疑问句要借助否定和疑问句要借助助动词助动词diddid,原来的行为动词要用原形原来的行为动词要用原形.1.Itwastoodark.Sohe_thelightsandbegantoreadbooks.A.turnedoffB.turnsonC.turnedon2.Thechildren_attheiruncleslastnight.A.areB.wereC.was3.Iamsorrythatyouhavemissedthetrain.It_tenminutesago.A.leftB.leavesC.willleave4.ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.Really?When_there?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygo5.Jimisnotcomingtonight.Buthe_!A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromise用法用法例句例句There_asportsmeetingherenextmonth.A.willhaveB.willbeC.isgoingtoIdontknowifthetrain_soon.butI_foryouifyouwanttoknow.A.willarrive;willlookitupB.arrives;willlookupitC.willarrive;lookitup主主+is/am/aregoingto+V原原主主+will+V原原1.表示将来表示将来要发生的动要发生的动作或存在的作或存在的状态状态.2.时间、条时间、条件状语从句件状语从句的主句部分的主句部分（主将主将从现）从现）1.DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup_nextweek?NextFriday.Whenit_,Illringyou.A.begins;beginsB.begins;willbeginC.willbegin;begins2.Jimmyisleavingforaholiday.Really?Where_he_?A.does;goB.will;goC.did;go3.ShallwegototheSandLaketomorrow?Yes.Wellgounlessit_heavily.A.willrainB.rainedC.rains用法用法例句例句We_anEnglishlessonnow.A.arehavingB.havingC.werehaving学生们正在为考试做准备学生们正在为考试做准备.Thestudents_theexam.主主+is/am/are+V-ingaregettingreadyfor表示说话者说表示说话者说话时正在发生话时正在发生的动作的动作表示目前一段表示目前一段时间内正在进时间内正在进行的动作行的动作.(说话时动作不一定正在说话时动作不一定正在进行进行)类型类型构成构成例词例词一般情况一般情况readwatch以不发音的以不发音的e结结尾的词尾的词takemake重读闭音节字重读闭音节字母结尾母结尾put-inginging去掉去掉e-ing先双写最后一个辅先双写最后一个辅音字母音字母-ingtinginging1.WhereisJames?He_withhisbrother.A.runsB.willrunC.isrunning2.Who_inthenextroom?Maryis.A.issingingB.issingC.sings3.Jimmy_foraholidaytomorrow.A.isleavingB.leavesC.left4.LookatthechildrenoverthereWhat_？AishedoingBaretheydoingCtheyaredoing5.Look!Theboystudentsare_footballwhilethegirlsare_.A.playing,danceB.playing,dancingC.play,dancing6.Mr.Smith_shortstories,buthe_aTVplaythesedays.A.iswriting,iswritingB.iswriting,writesC.writes,iswriting7.I_tothecinema.I_thereeverySunday.A.go.goB.amgoing,goC.go.amgoing用法用法例句例句我叔叔来看我的时候我正在做作业我叔叔来看我的时候我正在做作业.I_myhomeworkwhenmyunclecametoseeme.wasdoing主主+was/were+V-ing表示过去某时表示过去某时正在进行的状正在进行的状态或动作态或动作.1.ThelasttimeI_Janeshe_cottoninthefields.A.see,waspickingB.saw,pickedC.saw,waspicking2.IdontthinkJimsawme;he_intospace.A.juststaredB.wasjuststaringC.hasjuststared3.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She_ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworking4.-Hey,watchtheflowers!-Oh,Imterriblysorry._.A.ImnotnoticingB.IwasntnoticingC.Idontnotice5.ThereportersaidthattheUFO_easttowestwhenhesawit.A.wastravelingB.traveledC.wastotravel6.I_mybreakfastwhenthemorningpostcame.A.hadB.washavingC.havebeenhaving用法用法例句例句表示过去发生表示过去发生的动作对现在的动作对现在造成的影响造成的影响.1.I_lunchyet.Iamsohungry.A.haventhadB.havehadC.didnthave2.Sheasksmeformoney.She_herpurseathome.A.hadleftB.hasleftC.left表示过去开始表示过去开始的动作一直延的动作一直延伸到现在伸到现在,还有还有可能继续下去可能继续下去.自从自从1999年以来年以来,Tom一直住在中国一直住在中国.Tom_Chinasince1999.主主+have/has+PPhaslivedin1.I_ Enghishinthisschoolsince1999.A.taughtB.havetaughtC.wouldteach2.Lilei_ thepenforfiveyearsA.hashadB.boughtChavebought3.He_ finishedhishomeworkyetA.doesntB.haventC.hasnt4.Peterlosthisbikeyesterday._he_ityet?A.Has;lookedforB.Does;findC.Has;found5.Whoishe?I_before.A.haventheardofB.didnthearofC.haventheardfrom6.HaveyoueverbeentoGuangzhou?No,Ive_beenthere.A.neverB.everC.already7.Wehaventfinishedourhomework_.A.alreadyB.everC.yet8.Haveyou_learnedEnglish?Yes,Ive_learnedalot.A.already;everB.ever;neveC.ever;already9.I_himthesedays.A.haventhearfromB.didnthearofC.haventheardfrom10.Ihave_5,000wordssofar.A.learntB.learnC.learning11.Theoldman_Chinaseveraltimesinthepast10years.A.hasbeentoB.wentoC.goestojust刚刚刚刚already已经已经before之前之前ever曾经曾经never从来没有从来没有sofar到目前为止到目前为止yet还（没有）还（没有）否定句否定句thesedays这些天这些天inthepastyears/months在过去的在过去的年年/月里月里for时段时段since时点时点现现在在完完成成时时的的标标志志词词for+时段时段since+时段时段+agosince+时点时点Its/Ithasbeen+时段时段+since+一般过去时句子一般过去时句子1.Itstenyearssinceshe.A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayC.left2.Ihavebeenhere_4years.A.sinceB.forC.from3.WehavelearntEnglish_sixyearsago.A.sinceB.forC.from4._hasbeen5yearssincewecamehere.A.ThereB.ItC.That5.Itsthreeyearssincehethearmy.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.joined6.Howmanyyearsisit_yougraduatedfromjuniorhighschool?A.sinceB.forC.from 短短暂暂性性动动词词和和延延续续性性动动词词短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词borrowbuyarrive/come/goleavebeginfinish/endjoindieopenclosemarry不不与与时时间间段段连连用用可可与与时时间间段段连连用用be(in)here/therebeamemberofbedeadbeonhavebeawaykeepbeoverbeopen(adj.)beclosedbemarried 1.HowlongcanI_thisbook?TwoweeksA.borrowB.keepC.lend2.Herfather_in1990andherhusband_formorethanfiveyears.A.hasdied,hasdiedB.hasdied,deadC.died,hasbeendead3.Ihave_thisnicewatchfortwoyears.A.hadB.boughtC.borrowed4.He_hishomefortenyears.A.hasleftB.wasawayfromC.hasbeenawayfrom5.He_aLeaguememberforthreeyears.A.isB.hasbeenC.hasbecame6.Lihuasbrotherhas_fortwoyears.A.joinedthearmyB.beeninthearmyC.becameasoldier7.Hehasnt_fromGuangzhoueversinceheleftschoolA.leftB.beenawayC.beenleft8.Betty_herefortwohours.She_hereat8:00thismorning.A.hasbeen;cameB.hasbeen;hascomeC.was;came8.Thefilm_forfiveminutes.A.beganB.hasbeenonC.hasbegun6.Youaretoolate.Theshop_formanyhours.A.closedB.hasbeenclosedC.hasclosed7.Mary_Tomin2000.They_for8years.A.married;havebeenmarriedB.married;havemarriedC.marries;havebeenmarried短语辨析短语辨析短短语语have(has)beeninhave(has)beentohave(has)goneto意意义义例例句句他来上海已经有他来上海已经有10年了年了.他去过上海他去过上海3次次.他去了上海还没有他去了上海还没有回来回来.HehasbeentoShanghaithreetimes.HehasbeeninShanghaifortenyears.HehasgonetoShanghaiandhaventcomebackyet.在某地（多长时间）在某地（多长时间）现在仍在那里。现在仍在那里。常与时段连用。常与时段连用。曾去过某地（曾去过某地（次）次）现在已不在那里。现在已不在那里。可与可与just,ever,never等连用，等连用，去了去了还没有回来还没有回来1.MayIspeaktoKen?Sorry,heisout.He_seehisteacher,A.goestoB.hasbeentoC.hasgoneto2.Ourteacher_heresince2004.A.hasbeeninB.hasbeentoC.hasbeen3.Haveyouever_Huangshan?Yes,Ivebeentheretwice.A.beentoB.beeninC.goneto4.WheresDaming?He_theteachersoffice.A.hasbeentoB.havegonetoC.hasgoneto现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别时态时态用法用法例句例句一般一般过去过去时时我昨天丢了我的自行车我昨天丢了我的自行车.I_mybikeyesterday.现现在在完完成成时时我的自行车已经丢了我的自行车已经丢了.我要买我要买部新的部新的.I_mybike.Ihavetobuyanewone.losthavelost表示动作发生的表示动作发生的时间在过去时间在过去没有说明现在的没有说明现在的情况情况表示过去的动作表示过去的动作一直延续到现在一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动或表示过去的动作对现在造成的作对现在造成的影响影响1.Ihaveseenthefilm“Titanic”already.When_you_it？Thedaybeforeyesterday.A.have；seenB.will；seeC.did；see2.MrBlack_inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.lives3.We_treeslastSunday.Sofarwe_over3,000treesthere.A.planted；plantedB.planted；haveplantedC.haveplanted；planted用法用法例句例句表示在过去某一表示在过去某一时间或动作之前时间或动作之前已经发生或者完已经发生或者完成的动作成的动作.即即:过去的过去发过去的过去发生或完成的动作生或完成的动作.到上个星期为止到上个星期为止,我们已经学了我们已经学了5首歌首歌.We_fivesongs_lastweek.我到的时候你已经开始玩了我到的时候你已经开始玩了.You_already_playingwhenIgotthere.主主+had+PPhadstartedhadlearntbytheendof1IlostthebookIAhaveboughtBhadboughtChadbeenbought2.ThebushadgonewhenI_thebusstopAhavearrivedBarrivedChadarrived3Tomofvisitinghisgrandmother，butthebadweathermadehimchangehismindAhasthoughtBthoughtChadthought4DidyoumeetTomattheairport？No，hebythetimeIthereAhasleft；gotBhadleft；arrivedCleft；arrived5ItocometohelpyouButyoudidntcomeAhavemeantBhadmeantCmeant6FinallyMarywasadmittedbyBeijingUniversityforwhichshefivetimesAhadtriedBwastryingChastried构成被动语态用法be+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词1.动作谁做的不知道；动作谁做的不知道；The watch is made in China.2.说出谁做的没必要；说出谁做的没必要；More trees must be planted.3.动作承受者很重要。动作承受者很重要。Chinese is spoken by many people.1.We asked him to sing a song.He was asked to sing a song(by us).2.She gave me a book.I was given a book(by her).A book was given to me(by her).4.He makes the girl stay at home.The girl is made to stay at home by him.（省略的（省略的to要还原）要还原）3.We should speak to old men politely.Old man should be spoken to politely.（介词不可省略）（介词不可省略）1.1.系动词系动词用主动结构表被动意义。用主动结构表被动意义。Moon cakes taste delicious.2.write,read,sell等词作不及物动词等词作不及物动词 时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语 态表被动意义。态表被动意义。The pen writes smoothly.The shirt sells well.3.My bike needs mending.My bike needs to be mended.1.Theywontbebackuntilthework_.A.doB.doesC.isdoneD.willdo2.Morethanoneanswer_tothequestion.A.havegivenB.hadgivenC.weregivenD.hasbeengiven3.-Howdoyoulikethematerial（材料）？（材料）？-Verymuch.It_soft.A.feelsB.isfeltC.isfeelingD.felt4.MrGreenisveryangrywithyou.Hesaysyou_awayifyourelateagain.A.aresendingB.hasbeensentC.aregoingtosendD.willbesent5.Theoldshould_inourcountry.A.takegoodcareofB.betakengoodcareofC.aretakegoodcareofD.betakegoodcareof6.Theguidesaidthatmuchattentionmust_thesedetails.A.payB.bepaidC.paytoD.bepaidto7.Didyougototheconcertyesterday?-No,I_.A.didntinviteB.haventinvitedC.wasntinvitedD.amnotinvited8.HowmanycakescanIhave,Mum?-None,dear.They_foryourfather.A.prepareB.preparedC.havepreparedD.wereprepared9.ItssaidthattheOlympicTorchRelaywill_inJulyinBaotou.A.holdB.beheldC.holdingD.tohold10.Thingsshould_herebeforeyouentertheGreatMuseum.A.keepsB.keepC.bekeptD.arekept11.Howcleanthewindowis!-Yes.It_justnow.A.hasbeencleanedB.wascleanedC.iscleanedD.willbecleaned12.Itssaidinthenewspaperthat215morenewschools_inZhengzhouby2020.A.arebuildingB.werebuiltC.havebuiltD.willbebuilt13.Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?-Yes,ourclassroom_everyday.A.cleanB.cleanedC.IscleanedD.cleans14.David,turnofftheTV_nooneiswatchingit.-Butit_offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.A.sothat,hasbeenturnedB.when;hasturnedC.if;hasbeenturnedD.because;hasturned15.Whenyouleavetheroom,makesurethedoor_.A.waslockedB.islockedC.willbelockedD.shouldbelocked种类种类构成构成功能功能例句例句动词不动词不定式定式动名词动名词分词分词to dodoingdoingdone名词名词形容词形容词副词副词名词名词形容词形容词副词副词To see is to believe.He likes to play.He asked me to go.I have a lot to do.Im here to meet you.Seeing is believing.I like playing.an interesting booka broken cupThey came in,singing.Seeing from the hill,our school looks nice.1.通常加不定式作宾语通常加不定式作宾语 want to go2.“磕破头死了也要爱父母啊磕破头死了也要爱父母啊”keep,practice,suggest,enjoy,finish,mind,avoid +doing3.+to do(doing)remember,forget,stop,go on1.通常加不定式作宾补通常加不定式作宾补 want him to go2.使役动词使役动词 let，make,have(sb.do)have sb.do have sb.doing have sth.done3.感官动词感官动词“五看两听一感觉五看两听一感觉”look(at),see,watch,notice,observe,listen(to),hear,feel(sb.do/doing)4.keep,find(sb.doing)1.Dontlethim_outaloneatnight.Heisyoungandwillbefrightened.A.goB.goesC.togoD.going2.Myfatherisnotgoodatcooking.Heoftenasksmymother_.A.tohelphimB.tobehelpedC.nottohelphimD.howtohelphim3.Inordertowinthefirstplaceinthecontest,hepracticed_theEnglishsong,buthefounditdifficult_thelyrics.A.tosing;torememberB.tosing;rememberingC.singing;torememberD.singing;remembering4.MrGreenaskedustostop_.Sowestopped_tohimatonce.A.talking;listeningB.totalk;listeningC.talking;tolistenD.totalk;tolisten5.WhatshouldwedotofightH1N1flu?-Weshouldwashhandsoften,avoid_tocrowdedplacesandsoon.A.goB.goingC.goneD.togo6.John,mycomputerdoesntwork.-WhynotaskMrLiu_it?A.tobuyB.nottobuyC.tocheckD.nottocheck7.Whatsyourplanforthesummerholidays?-Ivenoidea,butIvedecided_athomeandhaveagoodrestfirst.A.stayB.tostayC.stayedD.staying8.Wearegoingforapicnictomorrow.IllcallWendytomakesure_.A.whytostartB.whentostartC.whattostartD.whichtostart9.Mybrothersillinhospital.-Imsorry_that.A.hearB.hearingC.heardD.tohear10.Shespendsmuchtime_Englisheveryday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.haveread11.Wouldyoumindme_?-_.Doitasyoulike,please.A.toplaythepiano;GoodideaB.playingthepiano;OfcoursenotC.playingthepiano;OfcourseD.playthepiano;Allright12.Oh,terrible!Iforgot_thewindow.Itswindy.-Really?Letsgobackhomequickly.A.closingB.tocloseC.closedD.close13.Afterthediscussion,thestudentsaskedtheirteacher_next.A.whichtodoB.whattodoC.howtodoD.whytodo14.OnherwayhomeLucysawathief_inashop.Shestopped_110atonce.A.steal;callB.tosteal;callC.stealing;tocallD.stealing;calling15.Youdbetter_toomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.A.dontpayB.nottopayC.tonotspendD.notspend16.DoyouknowArmstrong?-Yes.Heisthefirstman_onthemoon.A.walkB.walksC.towalkD.walked17.IsJackinthelibrary?-Maybe.Isawhim_outwithsomebooksjustnow.A.goingB.goC.togoD.went18.Dad,whyshouldIstop_computergames?-Foryourhealth,myboy,Imafraidyou_.A.toplay;mustB.playing;havetoC.toplay;canD.playing;may19.Howabout_intheriverwithus?-Sorry,Icant.Myparentsoftentellme_that.A.swim;dontdoB.swim;todoC.swimming;notdoD.swimming;nottodo20.Imtiredthesedaysbecauseofstudyingforphysics.-Whynot_music?Itcanmakeyou_.A.listento;torelaxB.listento;relaxC.listeningto;relaxD.listeningto;torelax21.Whydidyoubuyaradio?-_English.A.LearnB.LearningC.TolearnD.Belearning22.Whynot_yourteacherforhelpwhenyoucantfinish_itbyyourself?A.ask;writeB.toask;writingC.ask;writingD.asking;write23.Ifpeople_cuttingdowntheforest,theywillhavenoplace_.A.keep;toliveinB.willkeep;toliveinC.keep;toliveD.willkeep;tolive24.Wouldyoumind_theTV?Yourfatherisworkingnow.A.turningupB.turningdownC.toturnupD.toturndown25.Itsverynice_picturesforme.A.ofyoutodrawB.foryoutodrawC.foryoudrawingD.ofyoudrawingThanks!Bye-bye!