中考英语专题复习十四句子种类.ppt
She is(not)a student.Is she a student?Dont be careless.How clever she is!(陈述句陈述句)(疑问句疑问句)(祈使句祈使句)(感叹句感叹句)说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。表示提出问题。表示提出问题。表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等;主语主语 是是you,一般省略一般省略;谓语动词用原形。谓语动词用原形。表示喜怒哀乐等情绪表示喜怒哀乐等情绪,多用多用how和和what开头。开头。按用途，句子种类可分为：按用途，句子种类可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。考点一考点一陈述句（肯定式和否定式陈述句（肯定式和否定式）肯定陈述句肯定陈述句1.否定陈述句否定陈述句 She is not/isnt a student.He has not/hasnt finished the work.They will not/wont go to the school.Mary can not/cant speak Chinese.She is a student.He has finished the work.They will go to the school.Mary can speak Chinese.谓语动词是谓语动词是be,have或带有或带有助动助动词或情态动词的词或情态动词的实义动词实义动词,否定句否定句只要在其后加上只要在其后加上not.陈述句陈述句(语序语序:主语主语+谓语谓语)陈述句陈述句 He does not/doesnt speak French.He did not/didnt go to school yesterday.He speaks French.He went to school yesterday.谓语动词是谓语动词是实义动词的，变否定句实义动词的，变否定句，借助助动词借助助动词 dont/doesnt/didnt,其后跟动其后跟动词原形词原形.2.否定陈述句否定陈述句陈述句陈述句3.否定陈述句否定陈述句 Ive never been to Paris.I hardly go out these days because of the rain.Nobody knew the truth.I have little water.句中含有句中含有never,nobody,hardly,little等等 否定含义词的，也属于否定句否定含义词的，也属于否定句.疑问句疑问句1.一般疑问句一般疑问句2.特殊疑问句特殊疑问句Is She a student?Who is she?Is She a student or a teacher?She is a student,isnt she?疑问句的疑问句的语序语序:谓语谓语+主语主语3.选择疑问句选择疑问句4.反意疑问句反意疑问句考考 点二点二 疑问句疑问句 1._ that pair of _ a little cheaper?(语序语序:谓语谓语+主语主语)A.Is;glass B.Are;glass C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses 2.-_ is Jeremy Lin?-He is a famous NBA basketball player.A.Where B.What C.Why D.When 3.-Is this a Chinese book or an English book?-Oh,_.A.Yes,it is B.No,it isntC.An English book D.A music book 4.-_ did Sure go to school so early?-To be on duty.A.Where B.What C.Why D.When用用 How many；how many times;how much;how long;how far;how soon;how often 填空填空。_ _ did you pay for the sweater?_ _ have you worked in that factory?-_ _ _ did he call you the day before yesterday?-Twice.-_ _ does he write to his parents?-Twice a week._ _ will you finish the work?In two hours._ _ is it from here to the country?Its about twenty minutes walk.How muchHow longHow many timesHow oftenHow soonHow far 结构一：结构一：前肯，前肯，后否后否 Be 动词：动词：1.You are an actor,_ _?2.It was fine yesterday,_ _?arent you wasnt it 反义疑问句反义疑问句行为动词：行为动词：1.It often rains here,_ _?2.You have a headache,_ _?3.I called you yesterday,_ _?其它动词：其它动词：1.You will go to America,_ _?2.We have ever been to Shanghai,_ _?doesnt it dont you didnt I wont youhavent we 结构二：结构二：前否，前否，后肯后肯 1.You arent an actor,_ _?2.It wasnt fine yesterday,_ _?3.It doesnt rain here,_ _?4.You didnt call me yesterday,_ _?are youdoes it was itdid you5.You wont go to U.S.A.,_ _?6.There isnt a boy in our classroom,_ _?will youis there特殊用法特殊用法(一一）1.Sit down please,_?2.Please call me,_?3.Lets go home,_?4.Let us go home,_?5.Let me see,_?will youshall we will you will youwill you祈使句中，除了祈使句中，除了lets用用shall we?其余的全用其余的全用will you?1.当当主语是不定代词主语是不定代词something/anything/nothing/everything 等等,或指示代词或指示代词that，this时时,疑问部分主语用疑问部分主语用it，当指示代词是，当指示代词是these，those时，后部分主语用时，后部分主语用they。Everything is ready,?These are books,？2.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one等，等，疑问部分主语用疑问部分主语用they，或用，或用he Everyone knows the answer,?或或?isnt itdoesnt hedont theyarent they特殊用法特殊用法(二）二）Dont smoke in the meeting room,_?(A)do you (B)will you(C)can you (D)could youJohn can hardly understand any Chinese,_ he?(A)cant (B)doesnt (C)can (D)does My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?(A)has he (B)does he(C)hasnt he (D)doesnt he His sister had a bad cough,_ she?(A)wasnt (B)doesnt(C)hadnt (D)didnt Lets go and play football,_?Thats wonderful.(A)will you (B)do you(C)wont you (D)shall weLet us go now,_?(A)will you (B)do you(C)shouldnt you (D)shall weLets 用用shall we;let us用用 will you.I dont think you are right,_?(A)do I (B)dont I (C)are you (D)arent you 遇到否定前移的句子，注遇到否定前移的句子，注意：反义疑问句用肯定，意：反义疑问句用肯定，并且是对从句进行提问并且是对从句进行提问反意问句的回答方法反意问句的回答方法eg.“You havent been to Beijing,have you?”“_.How I wish to go there!”A.Yes,I have B.Yes,I havent C.No,I have D.No,I havent 在回答此类问题时在回答此类问题时,应尊重事实应尊重事实,即如果事实即如果事实是是肯定肯定的，就用的，就用“Yes+肯定结构肯定结构”；如果；如果事实是事实是否定否定的，就用的，就用“No+否定结构否定结构”。D(是的是的,没有没有.)-Your uncle isnt an engineer,is he?-_.he works at a school.A.Yes,he isnt B.No,he isnt C.No,he is D.Yes,he is 考点三：祈使句考点三：祈使句Turn on the light.开灯。开灯。Dont be late.不要迟到。不要迟到。祈使句用以表示命令、请求、叮嘱或祈使句用以表示命令、请求、叮嘱或建议，主语通常省略。肯定式谓语动词建议，主语通常省略。肯定式谓语动词用原形，否定式用用原形，否定式用“Dont(Never)Dont(Never)动词原形动词原形”。如：。如：_ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A.When leftB.Leaving C.If you leaveD.Leave _ down the radio，the babys asleep in the next room.A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.TurnDont be late again,Mike?_.A.No,I dont B.Dont worryC.Sorry,I wont D.I dont know他是一名多好的学生啊！他是一名多好的学生啊！What a good student he is!=How good a student he is!修饰修饰单数可数名词单数可数名词的感叹句的感叹句,既可以既可以 由由what引导引导,也可以由也可以由how引导引导,但但 句式不同句式不同,不定冠词不定冠词a的位置也不同。的位置也不同。考点四：感叹句考点四：感叹句感叹句由感叹句由what和和how引导引导 感叹句用法很简单感叹句用法很简单,How和和What放句前；放句前；How与形、副词类连与形、副词类连,What后面名词添；后面名词添；主语谓语不用变主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见。省掉它们也常见。1._ nice the watch is！A.How B.What C.What a D.How a2._ bright lights they are!A.What B.What a C.How D.how a 3._ hard work it is!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 4._ day it is!Its rainy again.A.How bad B.What a bad C.How fine D.What a fine5._ exciting news it is!A.How B.What a C.What an D.What6._ expensive trousers!A.What B.What a C.How D.What an7._ useful dictionary it is!A.What B.How C.What a D.What an1.Im late,_?2.Jim works hard,_?3.Mr.Smith will not go to Beijing,_?4.They havent been to Shanghai,_?5.She had little water,_?6.They had to leave early,_?7.He didnt say that we would succeed,_?8.I believe he will come to the meeting,_?8.I didnt think the story was interesting,_?9.Everything has been ready,_?10.Anyone could hardly know the answer,_?完成下列反意问句。完成下列反意问句。arent Idoesnt hewill hehave theyhad she/did shedidnt theywont hewas ithasnt itcould he/could theydid he11.We need to do it,_?12.They neednt go now,_?13.Nothing is wrong with your TV set,_?14.You must go home right now,_?15.You mustnt walk on grass,_?16.You must be tired,_?17.Lets sing a song together,_?18.Let us sing a song,_?19.Have a couple of tea,_?20.Dont be careless,_?21.You had better not talk like that,_?dont weneed theyis itneednt youmust youarent youshall wewill youwill you/would youwill youhad you22.He ought not to be late,_?23.There are a number of apples in the tree,_?24.This is very useful,_?25.The Smiths used to live in London,_?_?26.He disagreed with me,_?27.You dislike the film,_?28.He seldom has lunch at school,_?29.What a find day,_?ought he/should hearent thereisnt itusednt theydidnt hedont youdid heisnt itdidnt they
