十四章出口货物报验.ppt
十四章出口货物报验 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望概念o出口贸易中的商品检验(Commodity Inspection)是指对出口商品的品质、数量、重量、包装等内容进行检验和公证鉴定,并出具证明作为买卖双方交接货物、结算货款和索赔理赔的依据。有时还要对装运技术条件以及货物在运输及装卸过程中发生的货损货差进行检验鉴定,以明确事故起因和责任归属。报验产品的主要范围 o法定的o合同或信用证要求的o生产、经营单位和进出口公司主动要求的检验的时间和地点 o以离岸品质、重量为准(Shipping Quality and Weight as Final)o以到岸品质、重量为准(Landing Quality and Weight as Final)o以装运港检验证明作为议付单据,同时保留买方复验权 这种方式兼顾买卖双方利益,体现了平等互利原则,因此被普遍接受。我国的进出口贸易基本都采用这一做法。检验机构 o生产厂商 o官方检验机构-在我国,中华人民共和国质量监督检验检疫总局(General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the Peoples Republic of China,AQSIQ),即国家质检总局,及设在各地的分支机构作为官方检验检疫机构对进出口商品实施检验检疫。o独立公证检验机构 独立公证检验机构(Independent Public Surveyor)o瑞士通用公证行(瑞士通用标准公司 SOCIETE GENERALE DE SURVEILLANCE S.A.,SGS)o英国英之杰检验集团(Inchcape Inspection and Testing Services,IITS)o日本海事检定协会(Nippon Kaji Kentei Kyokai,NKKK;Japan Marine Surveyors and Sworn Measurers Association)o日本海外货物检查株式会社(Japan Overseas Merchandise Inspection Company,OMIC)o美国保险商实验室(Underwriters Laboratories,UL)o法国船级社(Bureau Veritas,BV)o我国也有独立的商品检验机构-中国进出口商品检验总公司(China National Import and Export Commodities Inspection Corporation,CCIC)是国内唯一的、全国性的进出口商品检验公司,承担装船前检验(Pre-shipment Inspection,PSI)和外贸鉴定业务。检验的主要种类o质量检验(Quality Inspection)o数量和重量检验(Quantity&Weight Inspection)o包装检验(Packing Inspection)o出口商品装运技术检验 o出入境动植物检疫 o出入境卫生检疫 o进出口商品鉴定 检验证书(Inspection Certificate)o品质检验证书(Inspection Certificate of Quality)o重量或数量检验证书(Inspection Certificate of Weight/Quantity)o包装检验证书(Inspection Certificate of Packing)o兽医检验证书(Veterinary Inspection Certificate)o卫生检疫证书(Inspection Certificate of Sanitary)o消毒证书(Inspection Certificate of Disinfection)o熏蒸证书(Inspection Certificate of Fumigation)o测温证书(Inspection Certificate of Temperature)检验证书(Inspection Certificate)o残损检验证书(Inspection Certificate on Damaged Cargo)o货载衡量检验证书(Inspection Certificate of Measurement/or Weight)o舱检验证书(Inspection Certificate of Tank/Hold)o价值证书(Certificate of Value)o原产地证明书(Certificate of Origin)检验证书(Inspection Certificate)o植物检疫证书(Phyto-sanitary Certificate)o生丝品级及公量检验证书(Inspection Certificate for Raw Silk Classification and Condition Weight)o积载鉴定证书 o舱口检视证书、监装/监卸证书、舱口封识证书、油舱空距证书、集装集装箱/拆箱鉴定证书o集装箱租箱交货检验证书、租船交船剩水/油重量鉴定书o除上述各类证书外,实际工作中还可见到其他种类的检验检疫证书,如:鉴定报告/公证报告(Survey Report),公证行报告(Surveyors Report),试验证明书(Testing certificate),分析证明书(Certificate of analysis),重量证书(Certificate of Weight);重量尺码证明(Certificate of Weight and Measurement)等保验手续o保验时必须填写“出口商品检验申请单”,随付合同、信用证和成交样本。报验时须注意:o填写各类申请单时,必须准确并加盖公章o应保证商检局有必要的出证时间o应提供辅助人力,和必要的工作条件o如买方要求其他形式的证书,应事先与检验机构协商。o实际操作中,应特别注意报检的时间安排,与后面的订舱、报关等相联系。