Unit 1 基础知识整理讲义--高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册.docx

新人教版book1 unit1基础知识整理知识清单1.volunteer  n. 志愿者            做志愿者:work as a volunteer           v.自愿做; 义务做          自愿做某事volunteer to do sthvoluntary自愿的、志愿的2.debate   vi/vt辩论；争论    关于.和.进行辩论 debate with sb  on/over sth.                 n.辩论；争论        在争论中under debate3.prefer   v. 更喜欢（1）更喜欢某事 prefer sth.（2）更喜欢做某事 prefer to do/doing sth（4）喜欢A多于B  prefer A to B（5）比起做B更喜欢做A    prefer doing A to doing B =prefer to do A rather than B preference   n.偏爱         have a preference for4.content    n.内容；目录；主题；满足      在内容和形式上 in content and form                   adj. 满足的；满意的；           对.感到满足、满意 be content with                   vt. 使满意                    使某人、自己对.满意 content sb with sth5.suitable adj. 合适的；适用的（1）对.适合的 be suitable for sth/doing sth（2）适合做某事 be suitable to do sthsuit  vt. 适合6.challenge 挑战；艰巨任务    vt. 向(某人)挑战（1）做某事的挑战 the change of doing sth（2）面对挑战 face a challenge    接受挑战 accept/take up a challenge（3）向某人挑战某事 challenge sb to do sthchallenging adj. 挑战性的，考验能力7.confusing难以理解的；不清楚的；（1）觉得.令人困惑find sth confusing（2）对.来说令人困惑的be confusing for sbconfuse   v.使糊涂；使迷惑；     把和弄混confuse A with Bconfused  adj.糊涂的；迷惑的      be confused about. 对.感到困惑 confusion   n.困惑；混淆          in confusion 困囧地 8.fluent  adj.流利的  fluently adv.流利地    speak English fluently  fluency  n. 流利度9.graduate   vi/vt 毕业；获得学位， n 毕业生   graduate.from.从.毕业graduation  n.毕业10.recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍( 1)向某人推荐、介绍某物 recommend sth to sb(2)推荐某人作为. recommend sb as(3)建议做某事 recommend doing sth(4) recommend that sb. should do.recommendation  n.推荐11.quit v. 停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）休学、退学 quit school     辞掉工作 quit ones job离职 quit office                 戒烟 quit smoking12.responsible adj.负责的；有责任的(1)对.、负责 be responsible forresponsibility   n. 责任；义务(1)负责做某事take the responsibility of/for doing sth(2)有做某事的责任have a/the responsibility to do sth13.schedule. n. 工作计划；日程安排; v. 安排；预定(1)按预定时间 on schedule(2)提前 ahead of schedule14.expert n.专家；行家  (1)在.方面是行家 an expert on/at /inexpert adj 熟练的；内行的；专家的 (1)在.方面在行be expert at /in doing sth.15.attract vt.  吸引；引起.的注意,(1)吸引很大的兴趣 attract a lot of interest(2)喜爱 be attracted to.(3)被.吸引be attracted by.attraction   n. 有吸引力的事物attractive   adj. 吸引人的16.sign up(for sth )报名（参加课程）(1)签名 sign ones name(2)签到，签退 sign in/out(3)示意某人做某事sign to sb to do sthsign n.迹象          .的迹象 a sign of.17. addicted  adj.上瘾的；成瘾的；入迷的;  be addicted to. 对.入迷addict  n.有瘾的人；入迷的人； vt.使成瘾;使沉溺；使入迷;addiction  n.瘾；（尤指）毒瘾;嗜好；沉迷；入迷;重点句型1.so that 引导状语从句Ill find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.我会自己想方法改进，这样我明年就能入选球队了。recommend (建议)后的that从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)do”。My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and Im good at it. 我的导师建议我报名高级文学课程因为我热爱并且擅长它。2.make it+adj+不定式但是花太多时间在网上是不健康的，使得很难集中注意力在生活中的其他事情上。But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things.3.这/那是因为  This/that/it is because He practise speaking English every day, at least three hours a day. This is why he makes great progress in English.  = The reason why he makes great progress in English is that he practise speaking English every day, at least three hours a day.他天天练习说英语，每天至少三个小时。这是他英语进步的很大的原因。4.too .to.太.而不能.、There is a girl I like in my class, but Im too shy to talk to her.班上有个我喜欢的女孩，但是我太害羞了，不敢和他说话。巩固练习词形转换 1.volunteer adj. _（自愿的;志愿的）2.prefer n. _ (偏爱；优先) 3.suitadj. _4.actual adv. _ 5.challenge adj. _ 6.confuse adj. _ (令人困惑的)  adj._ (感到困惑的；不解的) 7.fluent adv. _   n. _8.graduate n. _ (毕业)9.obvious adv.  _  10.responsible n. _11.behave n. _12.survive n. _ (生存；幸存) n. _( 幸存者；生还者)13.attract n. _  adj. _ 重要短语1. 喜欢.多于. _          2. 打扫干净_3. 对.适合  _               4. 向某人挑战. _5. 在.很流利 _             6. 从.毕业_7. 建议做. _                 8. 向某人推荐. _9. 建议某人做. _         10. 报名（参加课程）_11. 放弃做. _               12. 对.负责_13. 计划做. _               14. 喜爱_15. 集中，特别关注 _     16. 对.入迷_单句语法填空1. Of the two readable books, which do you think is _(suit) one for me to read?2. There was a _look on his face when he met with the_problem. (confuse)3. The little girl preferred _ (go) to the cinema rather than _ (stay) at home alone that night.4. Jenny said she preferred _ (send) emails to _ (post) letters.5. It is recommended that the machine _(check) every year.6. I recommend this book _ anyone with an interest in chemistry.7. This attracts more people to sign up _ courses，discussions and lectures.8. As she has been in England for many years, she is fluent _ English.9. I have to put it away and focus my attention _ study this week.10. As the boy is addicted to _(play) computer games，he has lost all interest in his lessons.11. He finished his homework _ advance.12. The room is dirty; please help me to clean _.13. The meeting _(schedule) to last three days.14. The worker played the piano _ ( expert)15. He accepted his friend's challenge _(swim) across the river翻译句子1. 他宁愿待在家里也不愿去看电影。_2. 医生建议她应该卧床一个星期。_3.专家解释我们的困惑。_4. 我们知道汉语很难，但是我希望我毕业时能说流利。_5. 从初中到高中真是个大挑战。_课文语法填空It is a really big challenge for Adam to go from junior high school to senior high school. The first week was a little 1._ (confuse). He had to think carefully about which courses 2._ (take). He believes that Chinese is a very difficult language, but he hopes to speak it 3._ (fluent) when he 4._ (graduate). His adviser recommended that he 5._ (sign) up for advanced literature because he likes English and is good at it. He took an active part in extracurricular activities. He not only joined the school football team but also joined a volunteer club. 6._ his coach told him that he didn't play well enough, he didn't quit. He will find a way to improve 7._ his own to make the team next year. He will study harder as a high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. He is a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in his 8._ (advance) course. 9._ (study) hard isn't always fun, but he will be well prepared for 10._ else comes in the future.学科网（北京）股份有限公司