2021年6月大学英语四级考试真题 第一套(含答案解析).pdf
20212021 年年 6 6 月大学英语四级考试真题月大学英语四级考试真题Part I Writing(30 minutes)Part I Writing(30 minutes)(第第 1 1 套套)DirectionsDirections:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled Do violent videoDo violent videogames lead to violence?games lead to violence?.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Part II Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:Directions:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,youwill hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spokenonly once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetAnswer Sheet1 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Enroll him in a Newcastle football club.B)Send him to an after-school art class.C)Forbid him to draw in his workbook.D)Help him post his drawings online.2.A)Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.B)Hired Joe to paint all the walls of its buildings.C)Renovated its kitchen and all the dining-rooms.D)Asked Joe for permission to use his online drawings.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Get her pet dog back.B)Beg for help from the police.C)Identify the suspect or the security video.D)Post pictures of her pet dog on social media.4.A)It is suffering a great deal from the incident.B)It is helping the police with the investigation.C)It is bringing the case to the local district court.D)It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)Provide free meals to the local poor.B)Help people connect with each other.C)Help eliminate class difference in his area.D)Provide customers with first-class service.6.A)It does not supervise its employees.B)It donates regularly to a local charity.C)It donates regularly to a local charity.D)It is open round the clock.7.A)They will realise the importance of communication.B)They will come to the caf even more frequently.C)They will care less about their own background.D)They will find they have something in common.Section BSection BDirections:Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer SheetAnswer Sheet1 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)A surprise party for Pauls birthday.B)Travel plans for the coming weekend.C)Preparations for Saturdays get-together.D)The new market on the other side of town.9.A)It makes the hostesss job a whole lot easier.B)It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.C)It saves considerable time and labor.D)It requires fewer tables and chairs.10.A)It offers some big discounts.B)It is quite close to her house.C)It is more spacious and less crowded.D)It sells local wines and soft drinks.11.A)Cook a dish for the party.B)Arrive 10 minutes earlier.C)Prepare a few opening remarks.D)Bring his computer and speakers.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)For commuting to work.B)For long-distance travel.C)For getting around in Miami.D)For convenience at weekends.13.A)They are reliable.B)They are compact.C)They are suspicious.D)They are easy to drive.14.A)Buy a second-hand car.B)Trust her own judgement.C)Seek advice from his friend.D)Look around before deciding.15.A)He sells new cars.B)He can be trusted.C)He is starting a business.D)He is a successful car dealer.Section CSection CDirections:Directions:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hearthree or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1Answer Sheet 1 witha single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Many escaped from farms and became wild.B)They were actually native to North America.C)Many got killed in the wild when searching for food.D)They were hunted by Spanish and Russian explorers.17.A)They often make sudden attacks on people.B)They break up nature s food supply chain.C)They cause much environmental pollution.D)They carry a great many diseases.18.A)They lived peacefully with wild pigs.B)They ran out of food completely.C)They fell victim to eagles.D)They reproduced quickly.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Taste coffee while in outer space.B)Roast coffee beans in outer space.C)Develop a new strain of coffee bean.D)Use a pressurised tank to brew coffee.20.A)They can easily get burned.B)They float around in the oven.C)They have to be heated to 360.D)They receive evenly distributed heat.21.A)They charged a high price for their space-roasted coffee beans.B)They set up a branch in Dubai to manufacture coffee roasters.C)They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.D)They abandoned the attempt to roast coffee beans in space.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It is the best time for sightseeing.B)A race passes through it annually.C)They come to clean the Iditarod Trail.D)It is when the villagers choose a queen.23.A)Its childrens baking skills.B)Its unique winter scenery.C)Its tasty fruit pies.D)Its great food variety.24.A)The contestants.B)The entire village.C)Jan Newton and her friends.D)People from the state of Idaho.25.A)She owned a restaurant in Idaho.B)She married her husband in 1972.C)She went to Alaska to compete in a race.D)She helped the village to become famous.Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswerAnswerSheet 2Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degreesFahrenheit.But for the Saharan silver ants,2626from their underground nests into the sunsbrutal rays to2727for food,this is the perfect time to seek lunch.In 2015 these ants were joinedin the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities,who spent a month in the 2828 heattracking the ants and digging out their nests.The goal was simple:to discover how the 2929adapted to the kind of heat that can3030melt the bottom of shoes.Back in Belgium,the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and foundthat their 3131,triangular hair reflects light like a prism,giving them a metallic reflection andprotecting them from thesuns awful heat.When Ph.D.student Quentin Willot3232the hair froman ant with33_33_ knife and put it under a heat lamp,its temperature jumped.The ants method of staying cool is 3434 among animals.Could this reflective type of hairprotect people?Willot says companies are interested in 3535these ants method of heat protectionfor human use,including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keepinghomes cool in summer.A)adaptingB)consciouslyC)crawlingD)crowdedE)extremeF)huntG)literallyH)moderateI)remoteJ)removedK)speciesL)specimensM)thickN)tinyO)uniqueSection BSection BDirections:Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.Answer Sheet 2.What happens when a language has no words for numbers?What happens when a language has no words for numbers?Numbers do not exist in all cultures.There are numberless hunter-gatherers embedded deepin Amazonia,living along branches of the worlds largest river tree.Instead of using words forprecise quantities,these people rely exclusively on terms analogous to“a few”or“some.”In contrast,our own lives are governed by numbers.As you read this,you are likely aware ofwhat time it is,how old you are,your checking account balance,your weight and so on.The exact(and exacting)numbers we think with impact everything from our schedules to our self-esteem.But,in a historical sense,numerically fixated people like us are the unusual ones.For the bulkof our species approximately 200,000-year lifespan,we had no means of precisely representingquantities.Whats more,the 7,000 or so languages that exist today vary dramatically in how theyutilize numbers.Speakers of anumeric,or numberless,languages offer a window into how the invention ofnumbers reshaped the human experience.In a new book,I explored the ways in which humansinvented numbers,and how numbers subsequently played a critical role in other milestones,fromthe advent of agriculture to the genesis of writing.Cultures without numbers,orwithonlyoneortwoprecisenumbers,includethe Munduruku and Pirah in Amazonia.Researchers have also studied some adultsin Nicaragua who were never taught number words.Without numbers,healthy human adults struggle to precisely differentiate and recall quantitiesas low as four.In an experiment,a researcher will place nuts into a can one at a time,then removethem one by one.The person watching is asked to signal when all the nuts have been removed.Responses suggest that anumeric people have some trouble keeping track of how many nuts remainin the can,even if there are only four or five in total.This and many other experiments have converged upon a simple conclusion:When people donot have number words,they struggle to make quantitative distinctions that probably seem naturalto someone like you or me.While only a small portion of the wor lds languages are anumeric ornearly anumeric,they demonstrate that number words are not a human universal.It is worth stressing that these anumeric people are cognitively normal,well-adapted to theenvirons they have dominated for centuries.As the child of missionaries,I spent some of my youthliving with anumeric indigenous people,the aforementioned Pirah who live along the sinuousbanks of the black Maici River.Like other outsiders,I was continually impressed by their superiorunderstanding of the riverine ecology we shared.Yet numberless people struggle with tasks that require precise discrimination betweenquantities.Perhaps this should be unsurprising.After all,without counting,how can someone tellwhether there are,say,seven or eight coconuts in a tree?Such seemingly straightforward distinctionsbecome blurry through numberless eyes.This conclusion is echoed by work with anumeric children in industrialized societies.Prior to being spoon-fed number words,children can only approximately discriminatequantities beyond three.We must be handed the cognitive tools of numbers before we canconsistently and easily recognize higher quantities.In fact,acquiring the exact meaning of number words is a painstaking process that takeschildren years.Initially,kids learn numbers much like they learn letters.They recognize thatnumbers are organized sequentially,but have little awareness of what each individual number means.With time,they start to understand that a given number represents a quantity greater by one than thepreceding number.This successor principle is part of the foundation of our numerical cognition,but requires extensive practice to understand.None of us,then,is really a numbers person.We are not predisposed to handle quantitativedistinctions adroitly.In the absence of the cultural traditions that infuse our lives with numbers frominfancy,we would all struggle with even basic quantitative distinctions.Number words and written numerals transform our quantitative reasoning as they are coaxedinto our cognitive experience by our parents,peers and school teachers.The process seems sonormal that we sometimes think of it as a natural part of growing up,but it is not.Human brainscome equipped with certain quantitative instincts that are refined with age,but these instincts arevery limited.For instance,even at birth we are capable of distinguishing between two markedlydifferent quantities for instance,eight from 16 things.But we are not the only species capable of such abstractions.Compared to chimps and otherprimates,our numerical instincts are not as remarkable as many presume.We even share some basicinstinctual quantitative reasoning with distant nonmammalian relatives like birds.Indeed,work withsome other species,including parrots,suggests they too can refine their quantitative thought if theyare introduced to the cognitive power tools we call numbers.So,how did we ever invent unnatural numbers in the first place?The answer is,literally,at your fingertips.The bulk of the worlds languages use base-10,base-20 or base-5 number systems.That is,these smaller numbers are the basis of larger numbers.Englishis a base-10 or decimal language,as evidenced by words like 14(four+10)and 31(three x10+one).We speak a decimal language because an ancestral tongue,proto-Indo-European,wasdecimally based.Proto-Indo-European was decimally oriented because,as in so many cultures,ourlinguistic ancestors hands served as the gateway to realizations like five fingers on this hand is thesame as five fingers on that hand.Such transient thoughts were manifested into words and passeddown across generations.This is why the word five in many languages is derived from the wordfor hand.Most number systems,then,are the by-product of two key factors:the human capacity forlanguage and our propensity for focusing on our hands and fingers.This manual fixation anindirect by-product of walking upright on two legs has helped yield numbers in most cultures,butnot all.Cultures without numbers a
