2021年12月英语四级真题及答案范文(1-3套全).pdf

2021 年 12 年英语四级真题 1-3 套全20212021年年1212月英语四级真题及答案范文（第一套）月英语四级真题及答案范文（第一套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions：Suppose your university student union is planning to hold a speech contest.Youare now to write a proposal for organizing the contest.The proposal may include the topic,aim,procedure and selection of contestants.You will have 30minutes to write the proposal.Youshould write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening ComprehensionPart II Listening Comprehension听力原文及题目答案从听力原文及题目答案从 2424 页开始页开始Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ASection ADirections:Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by aletter:Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageQuestions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageThe sheets are damp with sweat.Youre cold,but your heart is racing as if a killer just chasedyou down a dark street.It was just a nightmare,you tell yourself:theres nothing to be afraid of.But youre still filled with 26.Given how unsettling and haunting nightmares can be,is there away for dreamers to 27,or even turn off,these bad dreams as they happen?Research is 28,but some studies suggest that people who can master lucid dreaming that is,the ability to be 29 that a nightmare is happening and possibly even control it without wakingup-may hold the 30.Nightmares are part of the human experience,especially for kids.Doctors 31 dont consideroccasional nightmares a problem.They can just be symptoms of a sleep disorder that can 32 froman unpleasant experience,stress,or certain drugs.To treat the disorder,there are a number of medicines and therapies that are backed by 33research,according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine which analyzed the availableresearch on the treatment of nightmare disorder in a recent 34 published in the Journal of ClinicalSleep Medicine.However,nightmares are complicated,and researchers are still struggling to understand them.Said Dr.Rachel Salas,an expert on sleep disorders and an associate professor at Johns HopkinsMedicine in Baltimore.What we do know is that people 35 to have different kinds of nightmaresat different points during the sleep cycle.A.amountF.drasticallyK.reviewB.answerG.fearL.rigorousC.avoidH.limitedM.tendD.awareE.departI.mechanicalJ.resultN.timidityO.typicallySection BSection BDirectionsDirections：In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the2021 年 12 月 CET4 真题(第一套)-12021 年 12 年英语四级真题 1-3 套全paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraphmore than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter：Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Answer Sheet 2.Why it matters that teens are reading lessWhy it matters that teens are reading lessA)Most of us spend much more with digital media than we did a decade ago.But todays teenshave grown up with smartphones.Compared with teens a couple of decades ago,the way they,interact with traditional media like books and movies is fundamentally different.B)Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 revealsa major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time.Paper books are being ignored,infavor of screens.Digital devices are changing other behaviors,too.More and more,youngpeople choose spending time on their electronic devices over engaging in other activities,regardless of the type.Indeed,by 2016,the average American high school senior said theyspent six hours a day writing text messages,on social media,and online during their free time.And that covers just three activities,and if other digital media activities were included,thatestimate would no doubt rise.C)Teens did not always spend that much time with digital media.Online time has doubled since2006,and social media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the sameperiod.By 2016,nearly nine out of ten young women in the 12th grade said they visitedsocial media sites every day.Meanwhile,time spent playing video games rose from under anhour a day to an hour and a half on average,One out of ten American 8th grace students in2016 spent 40 hours a week or more playing video games.Let me emphasize that this is equalto the time most adults spend per week at work.D)If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices,does that mean they have to giveup some other activities?Maybe not.Over the years,many scholars have insisted that timeonline does not necessarily take away time spent engaging with,traditional media or on otheractivities.Some people,they argue,are just more interested in certain kinds of media andentertainment.Thus,using more of one type of media does not necessarily mean less of theother.E)That may be true,but that still does not tell us much about what happens across a wholegeneration of people when time spent on digital media grows.Large surveys conducted overthe course of many years tell us that American youth are not going to the cinema nearly asoften as they did in the past.While 70 percent of 8th and 10th grade students used to go to themovies once a month or more,now only about half do this.More and more,watching a movieis something teens choose to do on their electronic devices.Why is this a problem?Onereason is that going to the cinema is generally a social activity.Now,watching movies issomething that most teens do alone.This fits a larger pattern.In another analysis,researchersfound that todays teens go out with their friends much less often than previous generationsdid.F)But the trends related to movies are less disturbing compared with the change in how teensspend their time.Research has revealed an enormous decline in reading.In 1980,about 60percent of senior high school students said they read a book,newspaper or magazine every2021 年 12 月 CET4 真题(第一套)-22021 年 12 年英语四级真题 1-3 套全day that was not assigned for school.By 2016,only 16 percent did.This is a huge drop and itis important to note that this was not merely a decline in reading paper books,newspapers ormagazines.The survey allowed for reading materials on a digital device.G)Indeed,the number of senior high school students who said they had not read any books forpleasure in the last year was one out of three by 2016.That is triple the number from twodecades ago.For todays youth,books newspapers and magazines have less and less of apresence in their daily lives.Of course,teens are still reading.But they are generally readingshort texts.Most of them are not reading long articles or books that explore deep themes andrequire critical thinking and reflection.Perhaps not accidentally,in 2016 reading scores werethe lowest they have ever been since 1972.H)This might present problems for young people later on.When high school students go on tocollege,their past and current reading habits will influence their academic performance.Imagine going from reading texts as short as one or two sentences to trying to read entirebooks written in complex language and containing sophisticated ideas.Reading andcomprehending longer books and chapters takes practice,and American teens are no longergetting that practice.I)So how can this problem be solved?Should parents and teachers take away teenssmartphones and replace them with paper books?Probablynot.Research has shown thatsmartphones are currently American teens main form of social communication.This meansthat,without a smartphone,teens are likely to feel isolated from their peers.However,thatdoes not mean teens need to use electronic devices as often as they do now.Data connectingexcessive digital media time to mental health issues suggests a limit of two hours a day of freetime spent with screens,a restriction that will also allow time for other activities-like going tothe movies with friends or reading longer,more complicated texts.J)The latter is especially important.I would argue that of all the changes brought about by thewidespread use of digital devices,the huge decline in reading is likely to have the biggestnegative impact on todays teens because reading books and longer articles is one of the bestsays to learn critical thinking.It helps people to understand complex issues and to separatefact from fiction.Thus,deep reading is crucial for being a good citizen,a successful collegestudent and a productive employee.If serious reading dies,a lot will go with it.36.Many years surveys reveal that young people in America are going to the cinema much lessoften than they used to.37.Survey analysis shows American teens now spend their leisure time on digital devices ratherthan reading printed books.38.The number of senior high schoolers not reading books for pleasure in a year increased threetimes over 20 years.39.Many scholars claim that spending time on electronic devices doesnt necessarily mean adecrease of time for other activities.40.Most people spend much more time interacting with digital media than they did ten years ago.41.The author claims that it will be a great loss if we no longer read books and longer articles.42.Over a decade or so,American teens social media use shifted from an occasional activity to a2021 年 12 月 CET4 真题(第一套)-32021 年 12 年英语四级真题 1-3 套全routine one.43.A more disturbing trend in America today is that teens are spending far less time reading thanaround four decades ago.44.Some five years ago,high school seniors in America generally spent more than six hours aday on electronic devices.45.It was found that American youngsters today dont socialize nearly as much as the earliergenerations.Section CSection CDirections:Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswerAnswerSheet 2Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touch someone?While it may soundsafe to avoid all physical contact so as not to offend anyone,the lack of touching might implycold attitudes or indifference in interpersonal relationships.So,what should we do?The simple answer is thoroughly learning unique cultural norms forphysical contact.In nonverbal communication terminology（术语），physical contact and the studyof touching are generally referred to as haptics.Haptics in communication often suggest the level of intimacy.They are usually classifiedinto two groups:high-contact and low-contact.Asia and quite surprisingly the United States.Canada and Britain belong to low-contactcultures.People from the rest of the world such as Latin America,are considered to be inhigh-contact cultures,where they tend toexpect touching in social interactions and feel morecomfortable with physical closeness.Despite the classification there are more complex factorssuch as relational closeness,gender,age,and context that can affect how someone views physicalcontact.One common French custom of greetings is cheek-kissing,but it is mostly restricted tofriends,close acquaintances and family members.While cheek-kissing for Latin Americans isalso a universal greeting form,it does not require such a highdegree of relational closeness.However,gender matters more for them because check-kissing often only happens betweenwomen or a man and a woman but not two men.In contrast,in certain Arabian，African，and Asian countries，men can publicly hold hands orshow physical affection as signs of brotherhood or friendship while these behaviors may suggesta romantic relationship in other parts of the world.Although mens touching is more normal inthese cultures,physical contact between persons of opposite sexes who are not family members isnegatively perceived in Arabic countries.These factors could definitely affect the degree to which someone is comfortable with tactile（触觉的）communication and physical intimacy.Therefore,if you are someone who loves toshow physical affection,you should not be afraid to show it or drastically change your2021 年 12 月 CET4 真题(第一套)-42021 年 12 年英语四级真题 1-3 套全behaviors-just ask for consent beforehand!46.What does the author say in the first paragraph about physical contact?A.Its role in interpersonal relationships is getting increasingly important.B.It is becoming more acceptable to many who used to think it offensive.C.Its absence might suggest n lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships.D.It might prompt different responses from people of different social backgrounds.47.The main content of their discussion is?A.What does physical contact in communication suggest?B.How civilized the communicators are.C.What family background people come from?D.How close the communicators relationships are.48.What do we learn about people in high-contact cultures?A.They are sensitive to the way people express their emotions.B.They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.C.They attach great importance lo close ties among people.D.They tend 1o be more open in interpersonal relationships.49.What do we learn about social customs in Arabian countries?A.Men can show friendship in public through physical affection.B.Non-traditional romantic relationships are simply unacceptable.C.Physical contact between unfamiliar people is negatively perceived.D.People of different ages and genders show affection in different ways.50.What does the author tell us to do concerning tactile communication?A.Lay emphasis on nonverbal communication.B.Learn to use appropriate body language first.C.Pay attention to the differences between genders.D.Take other peoples preference into consideration.Passage TwoPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.From climate change to the ongoing pandemic（大流行病）and beyond，the issues facingtodays world are increasingly complex and dynamic.Yet solving problems like these requiresnew approaches that extend beyond traditional ways of thinking.A study led by Yale Professor ofPsychology，Paul OKeefe，found that having a growth mindset（思维倾向）of interest may sparkthis type of innovation.Professor OKeefe established in earlier studies that people hold different beliefs about thenature of interest.Those with a growth mindset of interest tend to believe that interests can bedeveloped and cultivated，whil