医学英语阅读理解练习.pdf

-精选文档-二The common cold is the worlds most widespread illness，which is plagues（疫病）that flesh receives.The most widespread fallacy（谬误）of all is that colds caused bycold.They are not.They are caused by viruses（病毒）passing on from person toperson.You catch a cold by coming into contact，directly or indirectly，withsomeone who already has one.If cold causes colds，it would be reasonable toexpect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever.But they do not.And in isolatedarctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming intocontact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages andmail dropped from airplanes.During the First World War soldiers who spent longperiods in the trenches（战壕），cold and wet，showed no increased tendency tocatch colds.In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitzconcentration camp（奥斯维辛集中营），naked and starving，were astonished tofind that they seldom had colds.At the Common Cold Research Unit in England，volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to thediscomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time.After taking hotbaths，they put on bathing suits，allowed themselves to be with cold water，andthen stood about dripping wet in drafty room.Some wore wet socks all day whileothers exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion.Not one of the volunteerscame down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.If，then，cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds，why are they morefrequent in the winter？Despite the most pains-taking research，no one has yet可编辑-精选文档-found the answer.One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to staytogether indoors more in cold weather than at other times，and this makes iteasier for cold viruses to be passed on.No one has yet found a cure for the cold.There are drugs and pain suppressors（止痛片）such as aspirin，but all they do isrelieve the symptoms（症状）。1.The writer offered _ examples to support his argument.A.4 B.5 C.6 D.32.Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage？A.The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.B.Colds are not caused by cold.C.People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.D.A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.3.Arctic explorers may catch colds when _.A.they are working in the isolated arctic regionsB.they are writing reports in terribly cold weatherC.they are free from work in the isolated arctic regionsD.they are coming into touch again with the outside world可编辑-精选文档-4.Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit_.A.suffered a lotB.never caught coldsC.often caught coldsD.became very strong5.The passage mainly discusses _.A.the experiments on the common coldB.the fallacy about the common coldC.the reason and the way people catch coldsD.the continued spread of common colds答案解析本文通过大量事例证明感冒不是由寒冷引起的，而是由病毒感染引起的。1.B.细节题。根据由第 2 段的两个例子、第 3 段的 1 个例子和第 4 段的两个例子可知 B 为正确选项。2.C.细节题。根据 One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend tostay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times，and this makes it可编辑-精选文档-easier for cold viruses to be passed on可知人们得感冒不是因为喜欢呆在家里，而是因为经常呆在一起病毒更容易感染，故选 C.3.D.细节题。根据 And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported beingfree from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from theoutside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes可知北极地区探险者是因为与外界接触后才得感冒的，故选 D.4.A.细节题。根据 After taking hot baths，they put on bathing suits，allowedthemselves to be with cold water，and then stood about dripping wet in draftyroom.Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close toexhaustion 可知志愿者要遭受极大的痛苦，故选 A.5.C.主旨题。阅读全文可知本文首先用大量事例从不同的侧面分析感冒不是由寒冷引起的，最后提出冬天得感冒的可能原因。由此可知 C 为正确答案。20092009 年高考英语阅读理解专项训练。附详解（医学类）年高考英语阅读理解专项训练。附详解（医学类）（1）Northern Europeans spend a lot of time in their cold and cloudy wintersplanning their summer holidays.They are proud of their healthy color when theyreturn home after the holiday.But they also know that a certain amount ofsunshine is good for their bodies and general health.In ancient Greece peopleknew about the healing（治疗）powers of the sun，but this knowledge was lost.Atthe end of the nineteenth century a Danish doctor，Niels Finsen，began to study可编辑-精选文档-the effect of sunlight on certain diseases，especially diseases of the skin.He wasinterested not only in natural sunlight but also in artificially（人造地）producedrays.Sunlight began to play a more important part in curing sick people.A Swissdoctor，Auguste Rollier，made full use of the sun in his hospital at Lysine.Lysineis a small village high up in the Alps.The position is important：the rays of the sunwith the greatest healing power are the infra-red（红外线的）and ultra-violet（紫外线的）rays；but ultra-violet rays are too easily lost in fog and the polluted airnear industrial towns.Dr.Roller found that sunlight，fresh air and good food curea great many diseases.He was particularly successful in curing certain forms oftuberculosis with his sun-cure.There were a large number of children in Dr.Rollers hospital.He decided to start a school where sick children could be curedand at the same time continue to learn.It was not long before his school was full.Inwinter，wearing only shorts，socks and boots，the children put on their skis afterbreakfast and left the hospital.They carried small desks and chairs as well as theirschool books.Their teacher led them over the snow until they reached a slopewhich faced the sun and was free from cold winds.There they set out their desksand chairs，and school began.Although they wore hardly any clothes，Rollerspupils were very seldom cold.That was because their bodies were full of energywhich they got from the sun.But the doctor knew that sunshine can also bedangerous.If，for example，tuberculosis is attacking the lungs，unwisesunbathing may do great harm.Today there is not just one school in the sun.There可编辑-精选文档-are several in Switzerland，and since Switzerland is not the only country which hasthe right conditions，there are similar schools in other places.1.According to the passage，when did sunlight begin to play a more importantpart in the treatment of disease？A.From ancient times.B.At the end of the nineteenth century.C.Not until this century.D.Only very recently.2.Why are a Danish doctor and a Swiss doctor mentioned in the second andthird paragraphs？A.Because they both made use of sunlight to treat illness.B.Because they were the first people who used sunlight for treatment.C.Because they were both famous European doctors.D.Because they used sunlight in very different ways.3.Dr Roller set up a sun-cure school probably for the reason that _.A.most children could stay in his hospital可编辑-精选文档-B.children could study while being treatedC.the school was expected to be full of pupilsD.the school was high up in the mountains4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the passage？A.Sun-cure schools are becoming popular everywhere.B.Switzerland is the only country where sun-cure schools are popular.C.Proper conditions are necessary for the running of a sun-cure school.D.Sun-cure schools are found in countries where there is a lot of sunshine.答案与解析本文介绍了利用日光治病的历史与发展。1.B.细节题。根据文章第 2 段第 2 句 At the end of the nineteenth century aDanish doctor，Niels Finsen，began to study the effect of sunlight on certaindiseases 可推知此题答案为 B.2.A.推断题。根据文章第二、三段可推知此题答案为 A.3.B.推断题。根据文章第 4 段第 2 句 where sick children could be cured and atthe same time continue to learn 可推知此题答案为 B.4.C.推断题。根据文章最后一句 Switzerland is not the only country which has theright conditions 可推知此题答案为 C.可编辑-精选文档-20112011 职称英语卫生类阅读新增文章第二十四篇职称英语卫生类阅读新增文章第二十四篇 Preventing Child MaltreatmentPreventing Child MaltreatmentChild maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences.There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment.Data for many countries,especially low-and-middle-income countries,are lacking.Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study.Current estimates varywidely depending on the country and the method of research used.Nonetheless,international studies reveal that approximately 20%of women and 5-10%of menreport being sexually abused as children,while 25-50%of all children report beingphysically abused.Additionally,many children are subject to emotional abuse(sometimes referred to as psychological abuse).重磅阅读2011 年职称英语考试教材详析新东方完胜新东方完胜 20112011 职称英语职称英语中石油保过 特训营 互动服务推荐20112011 职称英语押题职称英语押题 100%100%命中命中推荐2011 中石油职称英语答疑 1 2推荐2011 中石油职称英语答疑 3 4推荐新东方在线职称英语调查问卷20112011 职称英语通关训练职称英语通关训练可编辑-精选文档-综合经验 理工经验 卫生经验职称综合职称英语考试试题（综合）职称理工职称英语考试试题（理工）职称卫生职称英语考试试题（卫生）模拟题2010 职称英语考试模拟试题Every year,there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15.This number underestimates the true extent of the problem,as a significantproportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to falls,burns and drowning.Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can havelong-term consequences.Maltreatment causes stress that is associated withdisruption in early brain development.Extreme stress can impair the developmentof the nervous and immune systems.Consequently,as adults,maltreated childrenare at increased risk for behavioral,physical and mental health problems.Via thebehavioral and mental health consequences,maltreatment can contribute to heartdisease,cancer,suicide and sexually transmitted infections.Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment,there is an economicimpact,including costs of hospitalization,mental health treatment,child welfare,and longer-term health costs.A number of risk factors for child maltreatment have been identified.These riskfactors are not present in all social and cultural contexts,but provide an overview可编辑-精选文档-when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment.It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never toblame for maltreatment.A number of characteristics of an individual child mayincrease the likelihood of being maltreated,such as being either under four yearsold or an adolescent,being unwanted,or failing to fulfill the exceptions of parentsand having special needs,crying persistently or having abnormal physical features.练习1.The difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is dueto the following factors EXCEPT _according to the passage.A child maltreatment is a global problemB there is no exact data about low-and mid-income countriesC there is a shortage of the professional data collectorsD different scientists use different research methods2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A 20%of women got sexually abused in their childhoodB 25-50%of all children were reported to have been physically abusedC 25-50%of children were psychologically abusedD 60-75%of children were neglected by their parents可编辑-精选文档-3.Many homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into thefollowing types EXCEPT_ according to the passage.A drowning in swimmingB diarrheaC burnsD falls4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused by childmaltreatment?A The child will behave badly in his memory of his childhood when he grows up.B Child maltreatment hurts his nervous and immune systems.C Child maltreatment damages his early brain development.D The child is easily affected by many diseases in his adulthood.5.The maltreated children often bear all the following characteristic EXCEPT_according to the passage.A they frequently and easily cryB they are in infants or in adolescent periodC they are often neglected by their parents of friendsD they often try their best to meet the requirements from their parents可编辑-精选文档-参考答案CBBAD可编辑