2021年大学英语四级考试试题卷.pdf

Part I Section A Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)Sample Answer A B C D1.A)The man lives far from the subway.B)The man enjoys traveling by car.C)The man used to own a car.D)The man is good at driving.2.A)She cant meet Tony so early in the morning.B)Tony can choose another science course.C)She approved of Tonys decision.D)Tony should continue taking the course.3.A)She has to study for the exam.B)Shes eager to watch the new play.C)She is particularly interested in plays.D)She can lend her notes to the man.4.A)They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.B)They will continue to exist along with online education.C)They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.D)They will be replaced by online education sooner or later.5.A)Most students dont want jobs advertised in the newspapers.B)Most students would like to work for newspaper.C)Most students find a job by reading advertisements.D)Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduate.6.A)Finish his assignment.B)Repair the washing machine.C)Turn the basement into a workshop.D)Move the washing machine to the basement.7.A)The professor has brought extra copies of his assignment.B)Some students at the back cannot hear the professor.C)Some of the students are not on the professors list.D)The professor has changed his reading assignment.8.A)She doesnt want to talk about the contest.B)Shes spent two years studying English in Canada.C)Shes very proud of her success in the speech contest.D)Shes modest about her success in the contest.9.A)Reading newspapers.C)Writing up local news.B)Talking about sports.D)Putting up advertisements.10.A)Theyd better change their mind.B)They shouldnt change their plan.C)Weather forecast are not reliable.D)The tennis game wont last long.Section B Compound Dictation.Part ISection B Compound DictationDirections：In this section you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for thefirst time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the secondtime,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you havejust heard.For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missinginformation.You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the point inyour own words.Finally，when the passage is read for the word time,you should check what youhave.There are a lot of good cameras available at the moment-most of these are made inJapan but there are also good(S1)_models from Germany and the USA.We have(S2)_ a range of different models to see which is the best(S3)_for money.After anumber of different teats and interviews with people who are(S4)_with the differentcameras being assessed，our researchers(S5)_the Olympic BY model as the bestauto-focus camera available at the moment.It costs$200 although you may well want to spendmore-(S6)_as much as another$200-on buying(S7)_lensesandotherequipment.ItisagoodJapanesecamera，easytouse.(S8)_Whereas the American versions areconsiderably more expensive.The Only By model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit less than other cameras of asimilar type.Indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much(S9)_All the people we interviewedexpressed almost total satisfaction with it.(S10)_.Reading Comprehension.Passage OneIn a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States，many Americans areturning to Japan，a country of high academic achievement and economic success，for possibleanswers.However，the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americansexpected to find.In most Japanese preschools，surprisingly little emphasis is put on academicinstruction.In one investigation，300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers，childdevelopment specialists，and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhoodeducation.Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents listed“to give children a good startacademically”as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools.In contrast，overhalf the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices.To prepare children forsuccessful careers in first grade and beyond，Japanese schools do not teach reading，writing，andmathematics，but rather skills such as persistence，concentration，and the ability to function asmember of a group.The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home bytheir parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education，91 percent of Japaneserespondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons fora society to have preschools.Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented Americans listedgroup experience as one of their top three choices.An emphasis on the importance of the groupseen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Live in America，there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education.Some Japanesekindergartens have specific aims，such as early musical training or potential development.In largecities，some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program，it will increase the childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools anduniversities.Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for theheavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.11.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe _.A)Japans higher education is superior to theirs.B)Japans economic success is a result of its scientific achievement.C)Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction.D)Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education that American parents.12.Most Americans surveys believe that preschools should also attach importance to _.A)parental guidanceC)group experienceB)problem solvingD)individually-oriented development13.In Japans preschool education，the focus is on _.A)tapping childrens potential.B)Shaping childrens character.C)Preparing children academicallyD)Developing childrens artistic interests14.Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to _.A)enrich childrens knowledgeC)broaden childrens horizonB)cultivate childrens creativityD)lighten childrens study load15.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergarten?A)They can do better in their future studies.B)They can be individually oriented when they grow up.C)They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.D)They can accumulate more group experience there.Passage TwoExercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight.Unfortunately，that message has not gotten through to the average American，who would rather tryswitching to“light”beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion.The Centers forDisease Control，for example，found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who weretrying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.In rejecting exercise，some people may be discouraged too much by calorie-expenditure charts，for example，one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in onedelicious Danish pastry.Even exercise professionals concede half a point here.“Exercise by itselfis a very tough way to lose weight.”says York Onmen，program director of the PresidentsCouncil on Physical Fitness and Sports.Still exercises supporting role in weight reduction is vital.A study at the Boston UniversityMedical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that thosewho dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight，while those who worked exerciseinto their daily routine maintained their new weight.If you have been sedentary and decide to startwalking one mile a day，the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily.In ayearstime，assuming no increase in food intake，you could lose ten pounds.By increasing the distanceof your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments，you may lose even more weight.16.What is said about the average American in the passage?A)They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.B)They prefer“light”beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.C)They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.D)They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of“light”beer.17.Some people dislike exercise because _A)they find consulting caloric expenditure charts troublesomeB)they dont think it possible to walk 3 miles every dayC)they find it hard to exercise while on a diet.D)They think it is physically exhausting.18.“Even exercise professionals concede half a point here”(Line 3，Para.2)means“They_”A)are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain ones new weight.B)Agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work offby exercise.C)Are not sufficiently informed of the positive role exercise in losing weightD)Partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction19.What was confirmed by the Boston UniversityMedical Centers study?A)weight reduction is impossible without exercise.B)Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.C)Controlling ones calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.D)One could lose ten pounds in a years time if theres no increase in food intake.20.what is the authors purpose in writing this article?A)to stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.B)To support the statement made by York Onmen.C)To show the most effective way to lose weight.D)To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.Passage threeScratchy throats，stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery，but being able to tell if thecause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association(ALA)has issued new guidelines on combating colds and theflu，and one of the keys in being able to quickly tell the two apart.Thats because the prescriptiondrugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in.As for colds，the sooner aperson starts taking over-the-counter remedy，the sooner relief will come.The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses.More than 200 viruses can causecold symptoms，while the flu is caused by three viruses-flu A，B，and C.There is no cure foreither illness，but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine，which is，for most people，the bestway to fight the flu，according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike，quick action can help.Although the flu and common cold have manysimilarities，there are more obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose，runny nose and scratchy throat typically developgradually，and adults and teens often do not get a fever.On the other hand，fever is one of thecharacteristic features of the flu for all ages.And in general，flu symptoms including fever andchills，sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infant and preschool agechildren have the flu.It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-likesymptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well.However，children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because ofthe risk of Reye syndrome，a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.There is，of course，no vaccine for the common cold.But frequent hand washing and avoidingclose contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.21.According to the author，knowing the cause of the misery will help _.A)prevent people from catching colds and the flu.B)The patient obtain cheaper prescription drugs.C)The patient buy medicine over the counter.D)Shorten the duration of the illness.22.We learn from the passage that，A)over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu.B)One doesnt need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu.C)Aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu.D)Delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and the central nervous system.23.According to the passage，to combat the flu effectively，_.A)one should take medicine upon catching the diseaseB)one should identify the virus which causes itC)one should consult a doctor as soon as possibleD)one should remain alert when the disease is spreading24.Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?A)A sore throatB)A stuffy noseC)A dry coughD)A high temperature25.If children have flu-like symptoms，their parents _.A)are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccinationB)are advised not to give them aspirinC)should watch out for signs of Reye syndromeD)should prevent them from mixing with people running a feverPassage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based or the following passage.Lead deposition，which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960 s and 70 s，were primarilythe result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States.In the twenty years that theClean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States，the lead accumulationworldwide has decreased significantly.A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions fromthe United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow inGreenland.The new study is a result of the continue research led by Dr.Charles Boutron，anexpert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for ScientificResearch in France.A study by Dr.Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic(北极)snow were declining.In his new study.Dr.Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasolineused in the United States were different from the ratios of European，Asian and Canadiangasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate(区别)the lead sources.The dominant leadratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.In a study published in the journal Ambio，scientists found that lead levels in soil in theNortheastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the samesites o f30 forest floors in New England.New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990.theforest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem(生态系统)respondrapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution，but that these findings should not be used as alicen