2021年大学英语四级考试试题解析.pdf

12 月大学英语四级考试试题解析Part I Writing*解题思路1.审解题目：本文为问题解决类作文。一方面提出一种社会现象；然后对这一现象所带来问题进行分析和阐述；最后对解决这一问题办法进行阐述：赞成或反对。2.写作环节：本文为提纲式作文，写作应按照试卷上给出汉语提纲进行，分三段将所涉及内容阐述清晰：第一段：引出一次性塑料袋在人们生活中广泛使用现象；第二段：列举使用一次性塑料袋带来问题；第三段：对限制使用一次性塑料袋这一政策阐述自己观点：可以支持以上观点，并进行总结强调；也可以否定以上观点，并提出反对理由。范文：Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags Plastic bags have been an indispensablepart of our daily lifefor many years.But recently the problems of using disposable plastic bags have been brought intopeoples concern.Although plastic bags have brought great convince to people，it has also causeda lot of problems.First of all，the use of disposable plastic bags causes great harmto our environment.As these bags can not be discomposed，they pollute the field andwater.Besides，plastic bags do harm to people s health as well，because they aremade of chemical materials which may contaminate our food.What s more，the overuse of plastic bags is also a kind of waste of resources.Therefore，limiting the use of disposable plastic bags is of great significance.This policy not only enhances people s awareness of environmental protection，butalso reduce the waste of resources.In short，we should do our best to limit the useof plastic bags for ourselves and for the next generation.典型句式:1.Recently，the problem of has become the focus of the public concern.2.It is important to point out that3.On one hand，.On the other hand，4.Obviously，if we dont control the problem，the chances are that 5.First of all，.Besides，.Whats more，6.is of great significance.7.It is high time that we put an end to Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)*解题思路1.【答案】A【解析】本题定位信息是 Stella Bianchi，答案来自第三段第一句 Stella says，“Ithought she was coming over to apologize，but instead she started shouting at me fordisciplining her child”.意思是：Stella 说：“我原觉得她是过来是要道歉，但是相反由于我“教诲她孩子”，她却冲我大喊大叫。discipline“训导”题干问：当 Stella Bianchi与小男孩说话时，她期待男孩妈妈做什么？因而A 选项“道歉”是对的答案。2.【答案】D【解析】本题定位信息是 dealing with other peoples children，答案来自第四段第二句 Dealing with other peoples children has become a minefield.意思是：教诲别人小孩称得上是一种“雷区”，minefield 意为“雷区”，引申为比较难解决问题。因此此句意思是：教诲别人家小孩会有非常之多麻烦。题干问：关于教诲别人家小孩问题作者说了什么？因而 D 选项“这个也许会使某一种人遇到诸多麻烦”是对的答案。3.【答案】B【解析】本题定位信息是 Naomi White of Monash University，答案来自第七段最后一句 We see our children as an extension of ourselves，so if youre saying that mychild is behaving inappropriately，then thats somehow a criticism ofme.意思是：家长以为孩子是自己生命延续，因此说如果你要是批评孩子行为不当，家长就会以为，你是在批评她本人。题干问：依照 Monash UniversityNaomiWhite 专家所说，当孩子受到批评时，她们父母也许感觉会如何？因而B 选项“受到伤害”是对的选项。4.【答案】A【解析】本题定位信息是 Andrew Fuller，答案来自第九段第一句“I d go to the childfirst,”says Andrew Fuller.意思是：Andrew Fuller 说“我一方面会直接找孩子”。题干问：依照 Andrew Fuller 所说，看到别人家小孩不良行为，人们应当怎么做？因而A 选项“直接找小孩谈”是对的选项。5.【答案】B【解析】本题定位信息是 the child-centric nature of our society，答案来自第十四段第二句和第十五和十六段第一句Physical punishment，once accepted from any adult，is no longer appropriate.For Andrew Fuller，the child-centric nature of our societyhas affected everyone He sees it as a loss of the sense of common public good andpublic courtesy(礼貌).意思是：体罚，曾经被接受，但当前已经不再适当了Andrew Fuller以为以孩子为中心社会本质已经影响了所有人她把这当作是缺少公共道德和礼貌。题干问：由于社会本质是以孩子为中心，因此会浮现什么状况？因而B 选项“在大庭广众之下来批评孩子是不应当”是对的选项。6.【答案】B【解析】本题定位信息是 overwork and lack of sleep，答案来自第十七段 A code ofconduct is hard to create when youre living in a world in which everyone is exhaustedfrom overwork and lack of sleep 意思是：在一种由于超时工作和缺少睡眠而使人精疲力尽社会中，行为准则是很难建立。题干问：在一种由于超时工作和缺少睡眠而使人精疲力尽社会中，会浮现什么状况？因而 B 选项“关于这种行为准则是比较难以创立”是对的选项。7.【答案】D【解析】本题定位信息是got into trouble，答案来自第十八段The days when a kid camehome from school and said，“I got into trouble”，and dad said，“you probably deservedit”.意思是：当这个小孩过去回到家里说“遇到了问题”，爸爸也许会说“你活该”。题干问：此前当孩子们在学校遇到问题时候，人们会做出如何回应？因而D 选项“她们会责怪她们自己孩子”是对的选项。8.【答案】challenged【解析】本题定位信息是 notions of a more child-centered society，答案来自倒数第五段第一句 White believes our notions of a more child-centered society should bechallenged.意思是：怀特专家以为以孩子们为中心这种想法应当受到质疑。题干问：怀特专家以为以孩子们为中心社会这种想法应当被如何？过去分词challenged 是对的答案。9.【答案】be proud of【解析】本题定位信息是professor White，答案来自倒数第四段最后一句We treat themas objects whose appearance and achievements are something we can be proud of 意思是：咱们把孩子们当作是同样东西同样无论是外表还是所获得成就都是咱们为之骄傲东西。题干问：依照怀特专家所说，当前家长们对待孩子，就好象孩子是什么呢？短语be proudof 是对的答案。10.【答案】stay silent【解析】本题定位信息是 Andrew Fuller，答案来自最后第一段最后第一句 Herecommends that we dont stay silent over inappropriate behavior，particularly withregular visitors.意思是：她建议咱们不应当对某些不当行为保持沉默，特别是对那些常出错误，更应如此。题干问：专家建议当孩子们体现不好时，咱们也不应当如何？动词短语staysilent 是对的答案。Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A*解题思路11.M：I just received an email from one of my former classmates.I was surprised，I hadnt heard from him for ages.W：Well，Ive been out of touch with most of my old friends，only one or two dropme a line occasionally.Q：What does the woman mean?【答案】D【解析】该题选项 C，D 都是讲 she 和老朋友联系状况，但意思相反，因此其一很也许为对的答案。对话中女士说道 Ive been out of touch(失去联系)with most of my old friend，only one or two drop me a line（写封短信）occasionally（偶尔）。由此可推断该女士has lost contact（联系）with most of her old friends。故答案为 D。12.M：If you can make up your mind about the color，I can start on the outside ofyour house early next week.W：Well，right now I think I want white for the window frames and yellow for thewalls.But Ill let you know tomorrow.Q：Who was the woman talking to?【答案】A【解析】选项表白，该题考查是职业，并且都是维修或者装修方面，因此听音时要注意辨认核心词。对话中提到 color，white for the window，yellow for the walls都表白和女士谈话是要给她刷油漆工人，故答案为A。make up ones mind 意为“下决心，决定”。13.W：Excuse me，do you have any apartments available for under 500 dollars a month?Ineed to move in next week when my new job starts.M：The only vacant one I have is 600 dollars.Have you inquired the apartment complexdown the street?Q：What does the man suggest the woman do?【答案】C【解析】选项表白，该题很也许考查是某人找房子，租房子事情。对话中女士想租一间每月房租低于 500 美元房子，但男士说当前只有一间600 美元房子可以出租，她建议女士 inquirethe apartment complex（公寓）down the street，故答案为 C。14.W：You bought a pair of jeans yesterday，didnt you?What are they like?M：Oh，they are pretty like my other ones except with the larger waist.I guessI hadnt spent much time exercising lately.Q：What can we infer from the conversation about the man?【答案】C【解析】该题各选项都讲了关于he 某些细节，表面上意思不重叠，但通过仔细分析咱们也许会推理到 he 买了一条牛仔裤。听音时要注意各选项之间内在联系。对话中女士问男士近来买牛仔裤怎么样？男士回答道they are pretty like my other ones except with the largerwaist(除了腰肥一点，和我其她裤子没什么两样)，I guess I hadnt spent much timeexercising lately(我想我近来没有花诸多时间来锻炼身体)。由此咱们可以推断，男士近来由于缺少锻炼而长胖（gained some weight）了。故答案为 C。15.W：I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday.What do you think?M：I guess its something I havent acquired a taste for yet?Q：What does the man imply?【答案】D【解析】选项表白，该题也许考查是男士或者女士对（抽象）艺术品味或感觉。对话中男士对抽象画（abstract paintings）感觉是 its something he hasnt acquired a tastefor yet(还没有获得欣赏抽象艺术品味)，这是一种委婉表达方式，她真正含义是她doesnt like abstract paintings。故答案为 D。16.W：You havent seen a blue notebook，have you?I hope I didn t leave it in thereading room.M：Did you check that pile of journals you ve borrowed from library the otherday?Q：What is the man trying to say to the woman?【答案】B【解析】该题选项 A，B 都是关于 notebook 不同位置，故本题很也许考查就是笔记本位置问题。对话中男士向女士建议to check that pile of journals she has borrowed from librarythe other day(检查一下她那天从图书馆借一堆杂志)，故答案为 B。17.M：How about joining me for a cup of coffee?W：Id love to，but Im exhausted.I was up till 3 this morning writing a paperfor my literature class.Q：Why does the woman decline the mans invitation?【答案】A【解析】选项 A，D 都是关于 she 睡眠问题。听音时要注意各选项之间内在联系。对话中男士邀请女士喝杯咖啡（How about joining me for a cup of coffee）,女士回答道 Id loveto，but Im exhausted(筋疲力尽).I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper formy literature class.故咱们可以推断女士是由于想睡觉而 decline the mansinvitation(回绝邀请)。故答案为 A。18.W：You had a job interview yesterday，didnt you?How did it go?M：Not too bad，I guess.There were about 20 candidates competing for the salesmanager job.And finally it was down to 3 of us，but the other two seemed betterqualified.Q：What does the man imply?【答案】B【解析】选项表白，该题考查是 he 工作面试状况。对话中女士问男士工作面试进行怎么样（Howdid it go?）。男士回答道,最后有三个人竞争销售经理（sales manager）这个职位，但是the other two seemed better qualified(更称职)。由此咱们可知，男士暗示是his chanceof getting the job is slim(她获得这个职位机会很小)。故答案为 B。Long Conversation OneF：Simon，how does it feel to be retired?M：Well，not so bad.F：How have you been spending your time?M：I have been spending more time with my family.Ive also traveled a bit，you know，off season when everywhere is less crowded and hotels cost less.F：Great.M：You know I havent stopped work completely.F：Yes，could you tell us more about this?M：Im on a scheme that s called phased retirement；I had a six-month break fromwork，after that I could apply for project work with the company I used to work for.F：How does the scheme work?M：Well，its a trial at the moment.Instead of hiring temporary stuff，the companyadvertises posts on its website that retired employees like myself can access.F：What sort of works advertised?M：Well，all sorts of things，really.Administrative work and more specialized work，the sort of thing I can do.Some of the projects can last five or six months，andothers can just be a couple of days.I can decide more or less when to work.So Ican manage my own time.F：I can see its good for you.What is your company get out of this?M：Well，I still have all my old contacts at work，so I know who to contact to getsomething done.The company gets flexibility，too.Once the jobs over，thats it.Im not on their books any more.19.Why does Simon find his retired life enjoyable?20.How does Simon get to know about the companys available posts?21.Why does the company adopt the phased retirement scheme?*解题思路19.【答案】A【解析】通过预览和分析该对话所有备选项,咱们也许只能通过几种核心词personnel，staff，retired employees 来猜测该题也许是关于员工或者退休员工问题。题 19 各选项表白，该题是关于he 工作或者生活状况。该问题是为什么Simon 以为自己退休生活是enjoyable(令人高兴)。对话中 Simon 提道，她退休后可以 spend more time with his family,还可以 travel a bit off season(在淡季)when everywhere is less crowded and hotelscost less。由此可知，Simon 是由于可以灵活地（flexibly）支配自己时间而喜欢她退休生活。故答案为 A。20.【答案】D【解析】选项表白，该题考查是某人联系工作途径。该问题为Simon 如何得知该公司有空缺职位（available posts）。对话中 Simon 提道 the company advertises posts on its websitethat retired employees like myself can access(有机会访问，接近)。故答案为 D。21.【答案】D【解析】选项表白，该题也许考查是公司采用某项办法目。该问题问该公司 adopt the phasedretirement scheme（逐渐，分阶段退休方案）目。对话中Simon 提道，公司雇佣她这个退休人员是由于 he still has all his old contacts at work（工作联系），so he knows who tocontact to get something done.The company gets flexibility（灵活性，机动性）。由此咱们可推断，公司是想运用退休工人资源（utilize its retired employees resources）。故答案为 D。Long Conversation TwoW：Oh，where are we going?M：I want to show you something.W：I know，but what is it?M：A farm.It s just down this road.It s a small place，but at least it would beour own.W：A farm?How can we afford to buy a farm?M：It isnt very large，only 40 acres.We wouldnt have to pay very much right now.W：Is there a house on the place?M：A small one，two bedrooms，but it needs to be fixed up a little.I can do the jobmyself.W：OK.Is there enough space for a kitchen garden?M：There is about half an acre around the house.Thats plenty of space.W：Then we can grow our own fresh vegetables.And maybe keep a few chickens，couldnt we?M：Yes，and we can probably grow a lot of our own food.W：What are you thinking about growing，if we do take this place?M：Well，it really isnt big enough for corn.I thought we might try to raise a cropof potatoes.W：Potatoes?There are a lot of work.M：We are used to hard work，arent we?W：Yes，we are，but the money.Do we have enough to get started?It seems like a dream.M：I think we ve saved enough.We can pay a little on the farm and maybe put a fewdollars down on the tractor，too.22.What are the speakers going to do at the time of the conversation?23.What does the man say about the farm?24.Why does the man intend to grow potatoes rather than corn on the farm?25.What is the womans greatest concern about the mans plan?*解题思路22.【答案】C【解析】做对话听力前咱们普通要先预览和分析该对话中所有选项，咱们可以通过题 24 所有选项以及题 23 选项 D 推断该对话是关于一片土地。题22 所有选项都是动词原形短语，表达筹划做某事或者建议做某事。该问题为，说话者在进行谈话时候正要去做什么。对话一开始男士就要给女士看同样东西（show something）,a farm 是男士花钱买来一种农场。故选项C最为恰当。23.【答案】B【解析】该题各选项都是关于 it 某些细节问题，听音时要注意细节把握。该问题是：关于这块地，男士都说了什么？对话中男士说Its a small place，and there are two bedroomson the place。故选项 B 最为精确。24.【答案】C【解析】选项表白，该题考查是关于在这块土地上应当种些什么农作物问题。对话中男士说道 it really isnt big enough for corn.I thought we might try to raise a crop ofpotatoes.故答案为 C。25.【答案】A【解析】在做这个题目之前，要弄清晰各个选项中单词含义。该问题是：关于男士筹划，女士最关怀问题是什么？对话中男士建议种土豆，女士紧张要做a lot of work;男士说 we areused to hard work(已经习惯了辛苦工作)；女士表达批准，但是还紧张钱（money）问题。故答案为 A。finance,资金，经费。Section BPassage One Members of the city council and distinguished guests，it is my privilege tointroduce to you today Mr.Robert Washington，chief of our citys police force.Helladdress us on the subject of the Community Policing Program.Most of you know thatMr.Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more thanten years.However，you may not know that he also holds a masters degree in criminologyand studied abroad a year with the international police force which deals with crimesaround the world.Mr.Washington first introduced the Community Policing Programeight years ago.The idea behind the program is to get police officers out of theircars and intoour neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants andresidents about the real dynamics of our city.These officers do more than make arrests.They try to find ways to help solve the problems that contribute to crime in the firstplace.Often，that means hooking people up with services offered by other city agenciessuch as schools，hospitals，housing，drug treatment centers.And the program seemsto be working：crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure.Today，Mr.Washington is going to tell us more about this program.Now lets welcome Mr.Robert Washington.26.What is the purpose of the speakers remarks?27.What does the speaker say about Mr.Robert Washington?28.What is the idea behind the Community Policing Program?29.How has the Community Policing Program turned out to be?*解题思路26.【答案】【解析】A四个选项都是 to do 不定式引导目状语，因而可猜测本题考查点也许是某个事件目，在听音时要注意关于事件及表达目核心词。本题实际问题是：说话者发言目是什么？文中第一句提到 Members of the city council and distinguished guests，it is myprivilege to introduce to you today Mr.Robert Washington，chief of our citys policeforce.（市议会成员和尊敬嘉宾们，今天能向人们简介罗伯特华盛顿先生，咱们市警察局局长，是我荣幸。）因而答案为 A。27.【答案】【解析】D依照选项中核心词city management，head，higher education abroad 和masters degree 可知，四个选项都是关于 he 个人状况简介，因而在听音时需要注意辨别各选项与否符合原文或被提及。本题实际问题是：关于罗伯特华盛顿先生发言人谈到了什么？文中提到 However，you may not know that he also holds a masters degree incriminology（然而，你们也许不懂得她还在犯罪学获得研究生学位，）因而答案为D。28.【答案】【解析】B依照各选项中核心词 police departments，police officers，residents，emergency 和 police 可知本题与警察关于，又由于各项都是积极成果，因而猜测谈论主题也许是某个人或某项办法。本题实际问题是：社区治安项目实质是什么？文章提到The ideabehind the program is to get police officers out of their cars and into ourneighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the realdynamics of our city.（社区治安项目实质是让警察走出警车进一步邻域，这样她们就能和商人及本地居民直接谈论都市真实动态。）因而答案为 B。29.【答案】【解析】C四个选项都是形容词，因而可推测本题也许是评论某件事情或某个人。实际问题是：社区治安项目最后成果是什么？文章结尾处提到And the program seems to beworking：crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure.（项目似乎在起作用：犯罪减少了并且市民反映她们更具备安全感了。）因而答案为 C。Passage TwoThere are between 3,000 and 6,000 public languages in the world，and we must addapproximately 6 billion private languages since each one of us necessar