2017年04月自考英语(二)真题及解析.pdf

20172017 年年 4 4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷英语（二）试卷(课程代码课程代码 00015)00015)本试卷共 8 页，满分 100 分，考试时间 150 分钟。考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。必须在答理卡上答,写在试卷上的答案无效。第一部分：阅读判断第一部分：阅读判断（第 110 题,每题 1 分，共 10 分）下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择 A;如果该句提供的错误信息，选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，迭择 C，在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。The Thinking Habit That Changed My LifeThe Thinking Habit That Changed My LifeI remember one evening three years ago,when my life was very different.I was overweight.I was deeply in debt.I was a smoker.I felt hopelessand helpless.I couldnt change anything.Then I looked up at the sky and thought what a miraclelife is.AndI resolved to list the good things in my life.I had a wonderful wife.I had five amazing children.I could see and appreciate the beauty of theworld around me.The list went on,but you get the idea.Even when thingsseemed terrible for me,actually I was OK.That night I resolved to be grateful for what I had,and for the peoplein my life.I started the habit of gratitude.Now many people considerit unimportant.Im here to tell you that its very important.It changeslives.Now I appreciate my wife Eva more.I feel good about having her inmy life.And we have deepened our relationship.I also appreciate my kidsmore.Instead of criticizing them,I tend to notice their loveliness,curiosity and humor.I am kinder to others around me,at work andeverywhere else,because instead of seeing the faults in everyone,I seethe good,and am grateful for them.I need less，because instead of thinkingabout what I dont have,I am grateful for what I do have.Each and everymoment becomes cause for gratitude,and life becomes easier.Without the habit of gratitude,we tend to complain and see the bad inpeople and things.We cant change that at once,but you can do something.For example,you can start with a small action.Really feel the happinessthat somethingorsomeone is in your life,or take a moment to make alist of the things in your lifethat youre thankful for.1.I was unhappy with my life three years ago.A.True B.False C.Not Given答案：A解析：由第一段可知，三年前作者的生活是非常困难的，特别是从该段最后两句“I felt hopeless and helplessanything.”可知，他觉得自己很绝望也很无助，却对此无能为力。由此可判断，作者三年前对生活很不满意。题干的表述与文章一致，故选 A。2.I drank every day and couldnt stop itA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：C解析：第一段提到了作者吸烟，但文章并没有提到作者每天喝酒，故选 C。3.I was unable to support my familyA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：C解析：第一段虽然提到了作者债台高筑，但这一点并不能说明作者无法养家糊口，文章也并没有提到作者无法养家糊口，故选 C。4.One evening I came to a new understanding of my lifeA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：A解析：由前三段可知，某天晚上，作者本来对生活感到很不满意，但当他抬头望向天空并思考时，他决定列下生活中一些好的事情，也是在那天晚上作者下决心去感激生活中自己所拥有的一切。由此可知，作者在那天晚上对生活有了新的理解。题干的表述与文章一致，故选 A。5.Many people value the habit of gratitude nowadaysA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：B解析：由第三段第二、三句“I startedmany people consider it unimportant.”可知，现在很多人认为保持感恩的习惯并不重要。题干的表述与文章不一致，故选 B。6.Now I have a closer relationship with my wifeA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：A解析：由第四段第三句“And we have deepened our relationship.”可知，作者与其妻子的关系加深了，他们变得更加亲密了。题干的表述与文章一致，故选A。7.I am now more strict with my kidsA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：B解析：由第四段第四、五句“I also appreciate my kids moretheir loveliness,curiosity and humor.”可知，作者不再批评孩子们了，对孩子们更加宽容了。题干的表述与文章不一致，故选 B。8.I like making friends with people around meA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：C解析：第四段第六句虽然提到我对周围的人更加和善了，但文章并未提及我喜欢和周围的人交朋友，故选 C。9.I now try to see the good in othersA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：A解析：由第四段第六句“I m kinder to othersI see the good,and am gratefulfor them.”可知，作者现在看待别人尽量去看别人的优点。题干的表述与文章一致，故选 A。10.A small action doesnt work to change ones bad habitA.True B.False C.Not Given答案：B解析：由第五段第二、三句“We cant changeyou can start with a smallaction.”可知，我们不能立即改掉自己的坏习惯，但我们能从小的事情开始逐渐改变坏习惯，这说明小的事情也能改变坏习惯。题干的表述与文章不一致，故选 B。二、阅读选择（第二、阅读选择（第 11111515 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分。阅读下面短文，请从短文分。阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的后所给各题的 4 4 个选项中选出个选项中选出 1 1 个最佳选项。）个最佳选项。）Dog TrainingDog training is a must for all dogsIt is more than just telling yourdog to stop doing what he s doing；it is the process of teaching a dogto exhibit certain desired behaviors in specific circumstances Properdog training is not a“quick fix”it is an ongoing processDog training also involves teaching the owner.Going through dogtraining is something that every dog owner should do It is like goingto school over againIt is all about communication，and you need to learnto communicate with your dogTraining your dog to“sit”is probably the first thing you will trainyour dog to doWhen you want your dog to sit，hold a treat above his headand say“sit”As the dog sits，say“sit”again and then immediatelygive him the treatYour dog should drop into a“sit”position in orderto reach the foodTeaching your dog to fetch promotes bondingTo do this，first throwa ball，and give the command“fetch”As he starts to run towards it，yell“fetch”againInstead of a ball，you may use the object your dogloves mostDo not play fetch with heavy items or sticks，however，as thiscan damage the dogs teeth or injure the dogA well-trained dog should remain where his owner commands，so“stay”is an important command in dog training as wellSince it is more involved，that will be the subject of another articleDog training is a very physical activity，so be prepared to betiredAnd dog training is never without risk of injury，especially withmore aggressive dogsOne major mistake many dog owners make is to thinkthat the dog training is overTraining your dog continues throughout yourdogs life11.What does the author say about dog trainingA.It requires professional guidanceB.It is necessary for every dogC.It gives dogs good exerciseD.It is an easy job for trainers答案：B解析：事实细节题。由第一段第一句“Dog training is a must for all dogs.”可知，作者认为训练对所有的狗来说都是必要的，故选 B。12.What is the most important thing for dog trainers to doA.Learn to communicate with dogsB.Give dogs timely encouragementC.Create right circumstances for dogsD.Teach dogs desired behaviors答案：A解析：推理判断题。由第二段可知，训狗也与狗的主人的学习有关，完成训狗练习是每个狗的主人应该做的，狗的主人就像又回到学校学习一样，而所有这些都与交流有关，训狗者需要学着与狗交流。由此可知，学着与狗交流对训狗者来说是最重要的事情，故选 A。13.Dog trainers usually train their dogs first to_A.jumpB.stayC.fetchD.sit答案：D解析：事实细节题。由第三段第一句“Training your dog to sit is probablythe first thing”可知，训狗者让狗学着去做的第一件事就是“坐”，故选D。14.To train dogs to fetch，trainers often start with a_A.stickB.ballC.treatD.trick答案：B解析：事实细节题。由第四段第二句“To do this,first throw a ball”可知，训练让狗去接东西时，最先训练的是让狗接球，故选 B。15.Many dog owners tend to think that dog training_A.can be dangerousB.costs much moneyC.takes a short timeD.can be very tiring答案：C解析：事实细节题。由最后一段最后两句可知，许多狗的主人犯的一个主要错误是认为训狗花费时间短，很快就结束了，而实际上狗在一生中都要接受训练，故选 C。三、概括段落大意和补全句子三、概括段落大意和补全句子(第第 16162525 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 1010 分。阅读下面短分。阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的文，请完成短文后的 2 2 项测试任务：项测试任务：(1)(1)从第从第 16162020 题后所给的题后所给的 6 6 个选项中为个选项中为第段每段选择第段每段选择 1 1 个正确的小标题；个正确的小标题；(2)(2)从第从第 21212525 题后所给的题后所给的 6 6 个选项个选项中选择中选择 5 5 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。)Ancient Greek ValuesAncient Greek civilization has greatly helped the building oftodays societyMany countries now still base their laws and ethics(伦理)on the teachings and doings of ancient Greeks In everyday life，ancientGreeks valued loyalty，glory,intelligence and hospitality(好客)Thesemay seem simple values，but they did effectively shape ancient Greece intoa most referenced culture in historyDuring ancient Greece，men were required to go to school andlearnBoys were taught at home until they were 6 years old and then sentoff to schoolAncient Greek schools featured a structure that had boysin school from the age of six until fourteen and then an optionaladditional four yearsThe boys were trained in arts and in citizentrainingCitizen training prepared Greek boys for two aspects of adultlife，which were peace and warGlory for young men in ancient Greece was the same as fame to youngpeople todayStories of war glories and battles were handed down to youngmen so that they desired to make their names along with the victory ofa battleHelping your fellow man was an important aspect of life in ancientGreeceAncient Greeks were kind and generousThey offered food，shelterand protection to travelers without questionThey believed that helpingothers was their brotherly dutyLoyalty is perhaps the most important value of ancient GreekcivilizationIt was stressed in everything the Greeks didThey believedin loyalty to the family,the community and most importantly to thegodsThe gods of ancient Greece often sent tests to citizens Keepingfaith through the tests was a sign of loyalty and beliefA.Education in ancient GreeceB.Friendliness of ancient GreeksC.Wars in ancient GreeceD.Impact of ancient Greek valuesE.Top value of ancient GreeksF.Sense of honor of ancient Greeks16.Paragraph:_答案：D解析：本段主要讲述的是古希腊价值观的影响，许多国家的法律和伦理都是以古希腊人的价值观为基础，而且它也有助于当代的社会建设。选项 D 与本段对应。17.Paragraph:_答案：A解析：本段主要讲述了古希腊的教育，首先指出在古希腊男孩被要求去上学接受教育，然后介绍上学年龄及学习内容等方面的情况。选项 A 与本段对应。18.Paragraph:_答案：F解析：本段主要讲述了古希腊人很看重荣誉，就像今天的年轻人看重名声一样。选项 F 与本段对应。19.Paragraph:_答案：B解析：本段主要讲述了古希腊人的友好，古希腊人都十分友好、大方，他们乐于助人，把帮助他人看成自己的职责。选项 B 与本段对应。20.Paragraph:_答案：E解析：本段第一句为主题句，指出忠诚是古希腊文明中最重要的品质，古希腊人的各种行为中都强调忠诚这一最重要的品质。选项 E 与本段对应。A.to go to schoolB.in many countriesC.to achieve honorD.in whatever they didE.to study lawF.to help others21.Ancient Greek values are held_.答案：B解析：题干的中心词是 Ancient Greek values。由第一段第二句“Many countriesnow still base their laws and ethicsancient Greeks.”可知，许多国家仍保留着古希腊人的价值观。选项 B 符合题意。22.Young men in ancient Greece were required_.答案：A解析：题干的中心词是 required。由第二段第一句“men were required to goto school and learn.”可知，在古希腊，要求年轻男子必须去上学。选项符合题意。23.Young Greeks had a strong desire_.答案：C解析：题干的中心词是 desire。由第三段可知，古希腊年轻人很看重荣誉，战争荣誉和战役的故事使得他们有很强的意愿去赢得荣誉。选项 C 符合题意。24.Ancient Greeks saw it as a duty_.答案：F解析：题干的中心词是 duty。由第四段最后一句“They believed that helpingothers was their brotherly duty.”可知，古希腊人认为帮助别人是自己的责任。选项 F 符合题意。25.Ancient Greeks stressed loyalty_.答案：D解析：题干的中心词是 stressed loyalty。由第五段前两句“It was stressedin everything the Greeks did.”可知，古希腊人在日常行为中都强调忠诚这一最重要的品质。选项 D 符合题意。四、填句补文四、填句补文(第第 26263030 题，每题题，每题 2 2 分，共分，共 1010 分。下面的短文有分。下面的短文有 5 5 处空白，短处空白，短文后有文后有 6 6 个句子，其中个句子，其中 5 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。）以恢复文章原貌。）The Power of Positive ThinkingHuman emotion is one of those factors that cannot be definedexactlyThe reason is that it is quite uncertain We cannot change thefeelings that are roused when we experience different things 26 Somepeople forget that they are in controlThey make their choices based ontheir emotionsThey experience failure and loss and let their emotionsrule their decisionsThey are trapped in their sadness and thus，experience more failureSome people say they need a lucky break to recover from theirfailures 27 They need to get over their failures on their ownBut howdo they do that？The answer is：positive thinkingPeople often fail to realize the power of positive thinking 28 Theyfail to realize that they only need to overcome their fears in order totruly succeed in life They just have too much pride and are blinded oftheir own shortcomingsThe power of positive thinking lies in belief 29 You make thedecisions that affect your lifeYou may not be able to change yourenvironment，but you are able to change the way you react to itThe power of positive thinking lies beyond false courage You needto take another look at the world around you 30 You cant rest onyour success，or foolish pride will cause you to make wrong decisions A.They fail to realize that their worst enemy lies within themselvesB.However，we must always remember that we can control our reactionsC.You cant just take a look at your failures，or you will lose hopeD.We can benefit a lot from positive thinkingE.However，life rarely gives people a breakF.You need to believe that you are in control26.答案：B解析：空格前一句话的意思为“当经历不同的事情时，我们不能改变因此而起的情感”。选项B 与上文衔接最紧密，意思为“然而，我们必须时刻记住我们能控制我们的反应”，故选 B。27.答案：E解析：空格前一句话的意思为“一些人说他们需要休息以便从失败中恢复过来”，选项 E 的意思为“然而生活几乎从来不给人休息的机会”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选 E。28.答案：A解析：空格前一句话的意思为“人们通常不会意识到积极思考的力量”，空格后一句话的意思为“他们不会意识到生活中要真正取得成功，他们只需要克服自己的恐惧”，选项 A 的意思为“他们不会意识到他们最大的敌人就是他们自己”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选 A。29.答案：F解析：空格前一句话的意思为“积极思考的力量在于信念”，选项 F 的意思为“你需要相信你能控制”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选 F。30.答案：C解析：空格前一句话的意思为“你需要再看看你周围的世界”，空格后一句话的意思为“你不能停留于你的成功，否则愚蠢的骄傲会使你做出错误的决定”，选项 C 的意思为“你不能只看自己的失败，否则你将失去希望”，与上下文衔接最紧密，故选 C。五、填词补文五、填词补文(第第 31314040 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分。下面的短文有分。下面的短文有 1010 处空白，处空白，短文后列出短文后列出 1212 个词，其中个词，其中 1010 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。位置，以恢复文章原貌。)Meet Famous People in LondonMany people like to see famous people But famous people dont 31like to be looked at At least，they dont like to be looked at all dayevery day!However,there is one 32 in England where you can look at lotsof famous people every day That is Madame Tussaud s，the most popular33 attraction in LondonOn most days of the year,34 of visitors can be seen outside MadameTussaudsThey want to 35 in and see some of the most famous people inthe worldIf you like，you can 36 to those film stars，sports stars orpoliticians in Madame Tussauds，but they wont 37 anything to you，because they cant!Madame Tussauds is a waxworks(蜡像馆)，and the“famous people”in the building are made out of wax But，this doesnt 38 to be a problem Ordinary people like looking at 39 people，even ifthey are only 40 Its better than nothing!A.seem B.give C.place D.talk E.statues F.touristG.extraordinaryH.lines I.get J.rarely K.say L.usually31.答案：L解析：该句结构完整，因此空格处需要填一个副词。根据句意可知，此处表示“但是名人通常不喜欢被观看”，故选 L。32.答案：C解析：由空格前的名词 one 及空格后 where 引导的定语从句可知，空格处需要填一个表示地点的名词。place 意为“地方”，故选 C。33.答案：F解析：由空格前的形容词 popular 及空格后的名词 attraction 可知，空格处所填词应能与 attraction 构成一个名词词组，tourist attraction 意为“旅游胜地”，符合句意，故选 F。34.答案：H解析：根据句意可知，此处表示“杜莎夫人蜡像馆外能看到很多参观者”，linesof 意为“一排排，一系列”，符合句意，故选 H。35.答案：I解析：由空格前的不定式符号 to 和空格后的介词 in 可知，空格处需要填一个能与 in 搭配的动词。根据句意可知，这里表示“他们想进入（杜莎夫人蜡像馆）并观看一些世界上最著名的人物”，get in 意为“进入”，故选 I。36.答案：D解析：由空格前的情态动词 can 和空格后的介词 to 可知，空格处需要填一个能与 to 搭配的动词。talk to 意为“与谈话”，符合句意，故选 D。37.答案：K解析：由空格前的 wont 及空格后的 anything 可知，空格处需要填一个动词。这里表示“但他们不会跟你说任何话”，故选 K。38.答案：A解析：根据句意可知，这里表示“但这看起来不像是一个问题”，seem to 意为“看起来”，符合句意，故选 A。39.答案：G解析：由空格前的looking at 及空格后的 people 可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。根据句意可知，这里表示“普通人喜欢看不平凡的人”。extraordinary 意为“不平凡的”，故选 G。40.答案：E解析：由空格前的系动词 are 可知，空格处应填一个形容词或名词。根据句意可知，这里表示“普通人喜欢看不平凡的人，即使他们只是雕像”。statue 意为“雕塑，雕像”，故选 E。六、完形补文六、完形补文(第第 41415050 题，每题题，每题 1.51.5 分，共分，共 1515 分。下面的短文有分。下面的短文有 1010 处空白，处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌。恢复文章原貌。)Dont Be Afraid of Making MistakesLots of people dont dare to make mistakesThey fear that they willbe ridiculed or 41(blame)by othersThey fear that they will lose theirmoney and belongings or be under a lot of stressBut risks are 42(actual)unavoidable and they do pave the way towards success Have you ever 43(hear)of someone who achieves success without making any mistakesbefore？So it is 44(nature)that making mistakes in your effort to reach yourdreams is 45(consider)a must，and you shouldnt worry about that asyou may get a lot of 46(advantage)out of your mistakesBy making mistakesyou then can distinguish between the correct and the 47(correct)portionsof what you didAnthony D Angelo said：“In order to succeed you mustfail，so that you know what to do the next time”And Robert Louis Stevensoneven 48(go)to the extreme as to say：“Our business in life is not tosu