名词性从句课件讲解学习.ppt

名词性从句课件引导词引导词从属连词从属连词连接代词连接代词连接副词连接副词that,whether,if(是否是否)who,whose,what,which,whatever,whoeverwhen,where,why,how名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.It 1.It 作形式主语作形式主语It作作形形式式主主语语代代替替主主语语从从句句，主主要要是是为为了了平平衡衡句句子子结结构构，主主语语从从句句的的连连接接词词没没有变化。有变化。Itisapitythatyoudidntgotoseethefilm.It doesnt interest me whether yousucceedornot.2.2.2.2.用用用用it it it it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1)Itis名词名词从句从句Itisafactthat事实是事实是Itisanhonorthat非常荣幸非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识是常识(2)Itis形容词形容词从句从句Itisnaturalthat很自然很自然Itisstrangethat奇怪的是奇怪的是(3)Itis不及物动词不及物动词从句从句Itseemsthat似乎似乎Ithappenedthat碰巧碰巧Itappearsthat似乎似乎(4)It过去分词过去分词从句从句Itisreportedthat据报道据报道Ithasbeenprovedthat已证实已证实Itissaidthat据说据说3.3.3.3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：（1）if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。（2）Itissaid/reported结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.（3）Ithappens/occurs结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.（4）Itdoesntmatterhow/whether结结构构中中的的主主语语从从句句不不可可提提前前。例如：例如：Itdoesntmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.Whetherheiswrongornotdoesntmatter.（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?4.what与与that在引导主语从句时的区别在引导主语从句时的区别what引引导导主主语语从从句句时时在在句句时时在在从从句句中中充充当当句句子成分，如主语宾语表语，而子成分，如主语宾语表语，而that则不然。则不然。1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.2)Thatsheisstillaliveisasurprise.3)WhatIwanttoknowisthis.4)That he can take good care of himself isquitecertain.注注意意由由What引引导导的的主主语语从从句句不不能能构构成成Itiswhat的句式。如的句式。如Itisrightwhathesaid.二宾语从句二宾语从句二宾语从句二宾语从句宾宾语语从从句句就就是是在在复复合合句句中中作作宾宾语语的的名名词词性性从从句句，通通常常放在主句谓语动词放在主句谓语动词(及物动词及物动词)或介词之后。或介词之后。1.作动词的宾语作动词的宾语(1)由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略通常可以省略),例如：例如：Iheardthathejoinedthearmy.(2)由由what,whether(if)引导的宾语从句，例如：引导的宾语从句，例如：Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhether(if)youcanchangethisnoteforme.(3)动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如：Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.2.作介词的宾语作介词的宾语Oursuccessdependsuponwhethertheweatherwillbefinebythattime.3.作形容词的宾语，作形容词的宾语，例如：例如：Iamafraid(that)Ivemadeamistake.注意：注意：that引导的从句常跟在形容词后作宾语：引导的从句常跟在形容词后作宾语：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。等。也可以将此类词后的也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句。从句的看作原因状语从句。4.以以下下只只用用whether不不用用if(介介词词后后，whetherornot中中，主语从句中用主语从句中用whether)1）Itdependsonwhetherwecangettheircooperation.2）Tellmewhetherornotyoulikethehandbag.3）Whethertheylljoinushasntbeenmadeclear.将以下两个简单句改为一个带宾语从句将以下两个简单句改为一个带宾语从句的复合句。的复合句。1.WhichcourseisMr.Jonesteaching?Doyouknow?2.Howmuchisit?Canyoutellme?3.Wherewereyouborn?Pleasetellme.4.Whywashissecretaryfired?Nooneknows.5.Whendidshegraduatefromhighschool?6.Dontyouremember?6.Whatsherlastname?Doyouremember?7.Whatcolordresswasshewearing?Doyouremember?将以下含将以下含宾语宾语从句的复合句分成两简单句从句的复合句分成两简单句1）Theytellmethatthemathscourseisdifficult.2）Iwonderwhether(if)thefridgeislargeenough.3）Pleaseletmeknowwhenthetelephonewillbeinstalled.4）Oh,Tom,why you always do the opposite ofwhatItellyou?三表语从句三表语从句表表语语从从句句在在复复合合句句中中作作表表语语的的名名词词性性从从句句，放放在在系系动动词词之之后后，一一般般结结构构是是“主主语语连连系系动动词词表表语语从从句句”。引引导导表表语语从从句句的的that常常可可省省略略。另另外外，常常用用的还有的还有thereasonisthat和和Itisbecause等结构。等结构。1)The question is whether we can make goodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2)Thisiswhywecantgetthesupportofthepeople.3)My problem is how we can reduce pollution.4)Ourconclusionisthattheresonlyenoughwaterfortwodays.5)Thereasonheislateforschoolisthathemissedtheearlybus.四同位语从句四同位语从句1.同位语从句的功能同位语从句的功能同同位位语语从从句句对对于于名名词词进进一一步步解解释释，说说明明名名词词的的具具体体内内容容，一一般般由由that引引导导,前前面面名名词词通通常常有有conclusion,doubt,fact,hope,idea,news,opinion,suggestion等等，有有时时也也用用whether,what,when,where,why,how等引导。等引导。1)Thekingsdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.2)Theorderthat allthe soldiersshould staystillisgivenbythegeneral.同同同同位位位位语语语语从从从从句句句句就就就就是是是是在在在在复复复复合合合合句句句句中中中中作作作作名名名名词词词词的的的的同同同同位位位位语语语语的名词性从句。的名词性从句。的名词性从句。的名词性从句。1)Thereisnodoubtthathewillsucceed.2)My opinion that no action need betakenyetissharedbymostofushere.3)The fact that he has spoken to thepressaboutthiscausedusagreatdealofembarrassment.4)Ihavenoideawhattimeitis.2.同位语在句子中的位置同位语在句子中的位置同同位位语语从从句句有有时时可可以以不不紧紧跟跟在在它它所所说说明明的的名名词词后后面面，而而是是被被别别的的词词隔隔开开。HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别(1)定定语语从从句句中中的的that既既代代替替先先行行词词，同同时时以以在在从从句句中中作作某某个个成成分分（主主语语或或宾宾语语），而而同同位位语语从从句句中中的的that是是连连词词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。(2)定定语语从从句句是是形形容容词词性性的的，其其功功能能是是修修饰饰先先行行词词，对对先先行行词词加加以以限限定定，描描述述定定的的性性质质或或特特征征；同同位位语语从从句句是是名名词词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：1)The news that he told me is that Tom would goabroadnextyear.（他他告告诉诉我我的的消消息息是是汤汤姆姆明明年年将将出出国国。）（第一个（第一个that引导的是定语从句，引导的是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）在从句中作宾语）2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.（汤汤姆姆将将出出国国的的消消息息是是他他讲讲的的。）（同同位位语语从从句句，that在在句中不作任何成分）句中不作任何成分）翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.Whathewantsisabook.2.Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.3.ImsogladthatIcanmakefriendswithyou.4.Thisiswhyhedidit.5.Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe(should)haveatripinTibet?6.Thathewantsabookiscertain.7.Isuggestedjustnowwe(should)takepartinthiscompetition.8.Whetheryoulikehimornotdoesntmattertoomuch.9.Hedoesntknowwhetheryoucansingitwell.10.Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell.11.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided.12.Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris.主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句Choosethebestanswer:1.what/thata.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.b._hespokeatthemeetingsurprisedus.2.if/whether_yougoorstayathomewontmakeanydifferences.3.Whatapity_is_youdidntarrivebydaylight.A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he,whenD.that,for4.nomatterhow/who/what/where/whenWearereadytodo_thecountrywantsustodo.A.whatB.whichC.nomatterwhatD.whateverWhatThatWhetherBD5.ThetelephonistaskedIwantedtospeakto.A.whichB.whyC.whoD.whose6.Homeisyourfriendsandfamilyare.A.whomB.whatC.whenD.where7.hesawbothsurprisedandfrightenedhim.A.WhenB.ThatC.WhatD.Whom8.Theseriousnessofhisconditiondependsonthefeverbegan.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whenCDCD9.Itisnoteasytodecideareportaboutunidentifiedflyingobjectsistrueornot.A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.which10.HemadethesuggestiontheycarryontheirconversationinEnglish.A.whatB.howC.whenD.that11.Ittookthreeweekstoestimatedamagetheexplosioncaused.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.where12.Becauseofscientistshavedone,theheavenshavebecomeapartofmansworld.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.ifADBB13.Ifyoudoyourbestitdoesntmatterpeoplethinkofyou.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose14.qualityshouldcomefirstisnotvery clear to every member in ourfactory.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.When15.Themaindifficultyliesinthefactwehavenobodyproperlyqualifiedforthiswork.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whetherAAB16.Onthemoonobjectsweighonlyone-sixthoftheyweighontheearth.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when17.Wehavestronghopehewillsoonbewellenough.A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.that CD结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！25