动词的原形过去式过去分词及用法说课材料.ppt
动词的原形过去式过去分动词的原形过去式过去分词及用法词及用法动词第三人称单数规则动词第三人称单数规则动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同。规律同名词单数变复数大致相同。1、大多数、大多数动词动词在在词词尾加尾加“S”stopstops s;makemakes sreadreads z;playplays z 2、以、以辅辅音字母加音字母加“y”结结尾的，要先将尾的，要先将“y”变为变为“i”，再加，再加“es”读读iz flyflies z；carrycarries zstudystudies z;worryworries3、以、以“s,x,ch,sh”结结尾的，在尾的，在词词尾加尾加“es”，发发音音为为iz teachteaches iz;watchwatches iz4、以、以“o”结结尾的尾的动词动词，加，加“es”，读读z gogoes z dodoes z1.表示事物或人物的特征、状表示事物或人物的特征、状态态。The sky is blue.I am a student.2.表示表示经经常性或常性或习惯习惯性的性的动动作。作。I get up at six every day.3.表示客表示客观现实观现实。The earth goes around the sun.地球地球绕绕着太阳着太阳转转。一般一般现现在在时时动词原形涉及到一般现在时动词原形涉及到一般现在时一般现在时的构成一般现在时的构成He is a worker.We study English.He gets up at 6:00 every morning.当主当主语为语为第三人称第三人称单单数数时时，要在，要在动词动词后加后加-s或或-es第三人称第三人称he,she,it 单单个人名、地名个人名、地名 John Beijing 不定代不定代词词someone,everything不可数名不可数名词词 water,milk 单数名词单数名词He is a worker.变为变为疑疑问问句句Is he a worker?We study English.变为变为疑疑问问句句,否定句否定句Do you study English?We dont study English.He gets up at 6:00 every morning.变为变为疑疑问问句句,否定句否定句Does he get up at 6:00 every morning?He does not get up at 6:00 every morning一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态1.The scientist invents this machine.变为被动句变为被动句 This machine is invented by the scientist.一般一般现现在在时时的被的被动语态动语态 am/is/are+过过去分去分词词2.We finish the work during two days.The work is finished during two days by us.动词的过去式，过去分词及用法动词的过去式，过去分词及用法动词动词的的过过去式去式动词动词的的过过去式去式变变化化可分可分为规则为规则变变化化和和不不规则规则变变化化。规则变规则变化如下化如下（1）一般情况下，）一般情况下，动词词动词词尾加尾加 ed，如：，如：workworked；playplayed；want wanted；actacted（2）以不）以不发发音的音的 e 结结尾尾动词动词，动词词动词词尾尾加加 d，如：，如：livelived；hopehopeddecidedecided；（3）以）以辅辅音字母音字母+y结结尾的尾的动词动词，把，把y变为变为i 再加再加ed，如：，如：studystudied trytried copycopied carrycarried（4）双写）双写词词尾尾辅辅音字母，再加音字母，再加 ed，如：，如：stopstopped begbegged dropdropped planplanned不不规则动词规则动词的的过过去式去式须记忆须记忆过过去式的用法去式的用法表示表示过过去某一去某一时时刻或某一段刻或某一段时间时间内所内所发发生生的的动动作或情况作或情况。一般一般过过去式通常去式通常和和表示表示过过去去时间时间的的词词，词组词组，从句，从句连连用。用。如如 yesterday,last week,two days ago 等等 I worked in that factory last year.去年我在那一家工厂工作。去年我在那一家工厂工作。I went to the LianHua Mountain yesterday.昨天我昨天我们们去了去了莲莲花花山。山。涉及到一般涉及到一般过过去式去式 否定句：否定句：He did not play football last week.一般疑一般疑问问句：句：Did he play football last week?肯定肯定回答：回答：否定回答：否定回答：He played football last week.主主语语+did not+动词动词原形原形 Did+主主语语+动词动词原形原形Yes,he did.No,he didnt.否定句：否定句：He was not ill yesterday.一般疑一般疑问问句：句：Was he ill yesterday?肯定回答：肯定回答：否定回答：否定回答：He was ill yesterday.主主语语+was/were+not 直接把直接把was/were提到句首提到句首Yes,he was.No,he wasnt.一般一般过过去式的被去式的被动动形式形式涉及到动词的过去分词涉及到动词的过去分词规规格格变变化和不化和不规则变规则变化化1.The scientist invented this machineThis machine was invented by the scientist.变为变为被被动动句句2.We sent him to the hospital immediately after the accident.变为变为被被动动句句He was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.一般一般过过去去时时的被的被动语态动语态 was/were+过过去分去分词词过去分词过去分词又涉及到现在完成时和又涉及到现在完成时和过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时We have cleaned our classroom.Our classroom has been cleaned by us.现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+V-ed变为被动句变为被动句 has/have been V-ed 过去完成时过去完成时 had+V-ed We had learned 2000 English words by the end of last year.变为被动句变为被动句 2000 English words had been learned(by us)by the end of last year.过去完成时的被动语态：过去完成时的被动语态：had been+V-ed 结束结束
