中考英语专讲：完形填空解题技巧上课讲义.ppt

中考英语专讲：完形填空中考英语专讲：完形填空解题技巧解题技巧ClozeCloze学习目标学习目标1.能通读全文，理解文章大意，选定答案。能通读全文，理解文章大意，选定答案。2.学习完形填空的做题方法，归纳总结其学习完形填空的做题方法，归纳总结其步骤方法，并学会运用步骤方法，并学会运用。ClozeCloze学习指导学习指导1内容：做完形填空内容：做完形填空方法：方法：1.速读，做易题速读，做易题 2.瞻前顾后、先易后难瞻前顾后、先易后难3.复读，核对答案复读，核对答案时间：时间：5-6分钟分钟要求：要求：1.围绕文章大意阅读，推测，判断围绕文章大意阅读，推测，判断 2.通过联系上下文，选定答案通过联系上下文，选定答案ClozeClozeStep 1：Read-through（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）（跳过空格、通读全文、掌握大意）Ayoungmanwasinterestedinjade(玉)stones.SohewenttoMr.Smith,agemologist(玉石家)，tolearnfromhim.Mr.Smithrefusedbecausehefearedthattheyoungmannothave36tolearn.Theyoungmanaskedforachanceagainandagain.37Mr.Smithagreedandtoldhim“Beheretomorrow”Thenextmorningtheyoungmancame.Mr.Smithputjadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimto38it.Hethenwentabouthiswork.Theyoungmansatquietlyandwaited.Thefollowingmorning,Mr.Smithagain39ajadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimtoholdit.Onthethird,fourth,and40day,Mr.Smithdidthesamethingandrepeatedhis41.Onthesixthday,theyoungmanheldthejadestone,42hecouldnolongerstandthesilence.”WhenamIgoingtolearnsomething?”askedtheyoungman.“Youwilllearn,”saidMr.Smithandwentabouthiswork.Severalmoredayswentbyandyoungmanfeltvery43.Onemorninghewasaskedtodoitoncemore.Assoonasheheldit,theyoungmanshouted44lookingathishand,”Thisisnotthesamejadestone!”“Youhavebegunto45,”saidMr.Smith.ClozeClozeStep2：Easyfirst,hardlater（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）（瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破）ClozeClozeAyoungmanwasinterestedinjade(玉)stones.SohewenttoMr.Smith,agemologist(玉石家)，tolearnfromhim.Mr.Smithrefusedbecausehefearedthattheyoungmannothave36tolearn.Theyoungmanaskedforachanceagainandagain.37Mr.Smithagreedandtoldhim“Beheretomorrow”()36.A.chanceB.abilityC.patienceD.time()37.A.SlowlyB.SilentlyC.QuicklyD.FinallyClozeClozeThenextmorningtheyoungmancame.Mr.Smithputjadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimto38it.Hethenwentabouthiswork.Theyoungmansatquietlyandwaited.()38.A.cutB.holdC.touchD.watchClozeClozeThefollowingmorning,Mr.Smithagain39ajadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimtoholdit.Onthethird,fourth,and40day,Mr.Smithdidthesamethingandrepeatedhis41.Onthesixthday,theyoungmanheldthejadestone,42hecouldnolongerstandthesilence.”WhenamIgoingtolearnsomething?”askedtheyoungman.()39.A.placedB.tookC.gaveD.sent()40.A.thirdB.fourthC.fifthD.sixth()41.A.instructionsB.suggestionsC.promiseD.decisions()42.A.andB.butC.orD.soClozeCloze“Youwilllearn,”saidMr.Smithandwentabouthiswork.Severalmoredayswentbyandtheyoungmanfeltvery43.Onemorninghewasaskedtodoitoncemore.Assoonasheheldit,theyoungmanshouted44lookingathishand,”Thisisnotthesamejadestone!”“Youhavebegunto45,”saidMr.Smith.()43.A.unhappyB.excitedC.surprisedD.pleased()44.A.atB.onC.withoutD.by()45.A.refuseB.followC.acceptD.learnClozeClozeStep 3:Re-read and check（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）（复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案）Ayoungmanwasinterestedinjade(玉)stones.SohewenttoMr.Smith,agemologist(玉石家)，tolearnfromhim.Mr.Smithrefusedbecausehefearedthattheyoungmannothave36tolearn.Theyoungmanaskedforachanceagainandagain.37Mr.Smithagreedandtoldhim“Beheretomorrow”Thenestmorningtheyoungmancame.Mr.Smithputjadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimto38it.Hethenwentabouthiswork.Theyoungmansatquietlyandwaited.Thefollowingmorning,Mr.Smithagain39ajadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimtoholdit.Onthethird,fourth,and40day,Mr.Smithdidthesamethingandrepeatedhis41.Onthesixthday,theyoungmanheldthejadestone,42hecouldnolongerstandthesilence.”WhenamIgoingtolearnsomething?”askedtheyoungman.“Youwilllearn,”saidMr.Smithandwentabouthiswork.Severalmoredayswentbyandyoungmanfeltvery43.Onemorninghewasaskedtodoitoncemore.Assoonasheheldit,theyoungmanshouted44lookingathishand,”Thisisnotthesamejadestone!”“Youhavebegunto45,”saidMr.Smith.ClozeCloze学习指导学习指导 2内容：核对答案，分析错题内容：核对答案，分析错题方法：小组讨论方法：小组讨论，同桌讨论，同桌讨论时间：时间：3分钟分钟要求：通过展示答案纠错，掌握做题技巧要求：通过展示答案纠错，掌握做题技巧ClozeClozeAyoungmanwasinterestedinjade(玉)stones.SohewenttoMr.Smith,agemologist(玉石家)，tolearnfromhim.Mr.Smithrefusedbecausehefearedthattheyoungmannothave(C)patiencetolearn.Theyoungmanaskedforachanceagainandagain.(D)FinallyMr.Smithagreedandtoldhim“Beheretomorrow”Thenextmorningtheyoungmancame.Mr.Smithputjadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimto(B)holdit.Hethenwentabouthiswork.Theyoungmansatquietlyandwaited.Thefollowingmorning,Mr.Smithagain(A)placedajadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimtoholdit.Onthethird,fourth,and(C)fifthday,Mr.Smithdidthesamethingandrepeatedhis(A)instructions.Onthesixthday,theyoungmanheldthejadestone,(B)buthecouldnolongerstandthesilence.”WhenamIgoingtolearnsomething?”askedtheyoungman.“Youwilllearn,”saidMr.Smithandwentabouthiswork.Severalmoredayswentbyandtheyoungmanfeltvery(A)unhappy.Onemorninghewasaskedtodoitoncemore.Assoonasheheldit,theyoungmanshouted(C)withoutlookingathishand,”Thisisnotthesamejadestone!”“Youhavebegunto(D)learn,”saidMr.Smith.ClozeClozeThenextmorningtheyoungmancame.Mr.Smithputjadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimto38it.Hethenwentabouthiswork.Theyoungmansatquietlyandwaited.Thefollowingmorning,Mr.Smithagain39ajadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimtoholdit.()38.A.cutB.holdC.touchD.watchSkill：context（上下文、相同结构）（上下文、相同结构）ClozeClozeThenextmorningtheyoungmancame.Mr.Smithputjadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimto38it.Hethenwentabouthiswork.Theyoungmansatquietlyandwaited.Thefollowingmorning,Mr.Smithagain39ajadestoneintheyoungmanshandandtoldhimtoholdit.(B)38.A.cutB.holdC.touchD.watch()39.A.placedB.tookC.gaveD.sentSkill：上下文上下文同词义同词义ClozeClozeSeveralmoredayswentbyandyoungmanfeltvery43.Onemorninghewasaskedtodoitoncemore.Assoonasheheldit,theyoungmanshouted44lookingathishand,”Thisisnotthesamejadestone!”()43.A.unhappyB.excitedC.surprisedD.pleased()44.A.atB.onC.withoutD.bySkill：明辨褒贬语境判断是非明辨褒贬语境判断是非 ClozeClozeSkill：context（上下文、语境）Mr.Smith was hanging some family pictures on the wall of his new house.While he was using a hammer(锤子)to knock hails(钉子)into the hard _，some of them fell on the floor.(2014，台州)Awall Bchair Cdoor Dfloor点拨：由首句点拨：由首句“史密斯先生正把一些家庭照史密斯先生正把一些家庭照片挂在新房子的墙上片挂在新房子的墙上”可知，他是用锤子把可知，他是用锤子把钉子砸进坚硬的墙里。钉子砸进坚硬的墙里。ClozeCloze命题趋向命题趋向分析近两年全国各省市中考英语完形填空分析近两年全国各省市中考英语完形填空题的命制情况，总结出如下的特点：题的命制情况，总结出如下的特点：1）本题型设空以考查文意为主，信息词汇）本题型设空以考查文意为主，信息词汇（或通常所说的（或通常所说的“实词实词”名词、动词、名词、动词、形容词和副词等）比重极大，且有逐年增形容词和副词等）比重极大，且有逐年增加的趋势。加的趋势。15年考查年考查 n.(2),adv.(3),V.(3)2）降低对单词本身词意的考查要求，）降低对单词本身词意的考查要求，以突以突出本题的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇出本题的主要测试目的：理解全文，通篇考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。考虑，掌握大意，注重关联。ClozeCloze3）增加了考查连词的题，）增加了考查连词的题，涉及考生对于行涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解，恰文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解，恰到好处。到好处。4）注意结合文意考查对词语用法的掌握）注意结合文意考查对词语用法的掌握,主主要涉及词义辨析。同义与近义词的比较分要涉及词义辨析。同义与近义词的比较分辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义。如辨应当放到一定的语境之中才有意义。如果只是一一对应地背记单词的中文意思，果只是一一对应地背记单词的中文意思，不注意具体语境中单词不注意具体语境中单词 的确切含意，是难的确切含意，是难以分辨一些词汇的细微差异的。以分辨一些词汇的细微差异的。ClozeClozeSo instead of staying in the _ classroom，they go to different rooms to have their lessons.(2014，重庆)Aclean Bsame Cbright DEmpty强化练强化练ClozeClozeOnceuponatime,therewasalazypoormanlivinginasmallhousewithspiderwebs(蜘蛛网）onthewallandmicerunningaround.People_1_comingintosuchadirtyplaceandthepoormanwaslonelyandsadeveryday.(2015,广东）AenjoyedBavoidedCforgotDconsideredClozeClozeWhen I was eight years old，my family moved from Edinburgh to London because Father started a new job there.It was hundreds of miles away from my grandmother，so we sometimes spent hours _1_ to Edinburgh to visit her when we missed her terribly.(2014，湖州)()1.A.hikingBrunningCdriving DwalkingClozeClozeStepsofClozeTests(完形填空的解题步骤完形填空的解题步骤)1 1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，瞻前顾后，先易后难，先易后难，各个击破各个击破2mins5mins2minsClozeClozeTips to Close Test:Tips to Close Test:1 1注重首尾句。注重首尾句。2 2做题时先易后难。做题时先易后难。3 3句子中若有个别生词，通过构词法和上下文知句子中若有个别生词，通过构词法和上下文知识来推断词义，不要紧张。识来推断词义，不要紧张。4 4熟词新义灵活处理。熟词新义灵活处理。注意注意从文中同样结构或从文中同样结构或 类似结构中寻找提示，类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。大胆地作出猜测。5 5如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从 语篇语篇(前提示、后暗示前提示、后暗示)意义上加以鉴别。意义上加以鉴别。ClozeClozeAllovertheworldpeopleswimforfun.Swimmingisenjoyedbypeopleof32ages,fromtheveryyoungtotheveryold.Therearemanyplacesforpeopletoswiminswimmingpools.32.A.allB.noneC.someD.both当堂训练当堂训练ClozeClozevItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto_infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!vA.writeB.speakC.singD.danceClozeClozeClozetestsareinterestingandchallenging,thoughdifficult.ClozeClozeThank you!结束结束