张汉熙高级英语第三版第一册Lesson-1-(定)复习进程.ppt

Lesson 1 Face to Face with Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane CamilleHurricane Camille第一页，共258页。TeachingAims1.Toknowthewritingtechniquesofanarrative2.Tobeacquaintedwithsomeliterarytermsofnarration3.Tolearntousewordstodescribedisastersandviolence4.Toappreciatethelanguagefeatures5.Tolearntowriteastoryaboutdisasters第二页，共258页。TeachingContentsI.BackgroundknowledgeII.TheliterarystyleIII.DetailedstudyofthetextIV.OrganizationalpatternV.LanguagefeaturesVI.Questionsforgroupdiscussion第三页，共258页。NaturalDisastersearthquakeflooddroughthurricanetornadotyphoonsandstormsnowstormsnowslidelandslidetsunamivolcaniceruptionBrainstorming第四页，共258页。Warming-upActivitiesuWhatisyourideaaboutHurricanes?uHowdangerousarethey?uHaveyoueverbeeninHurricanes?Orhaveyoueverbeenconfrontedwithanynaturaldisaster?Howdoyoufeel?Exchangeyourideas.uWhatdoyouthinkyouwoulddofirstifyouwereconfrontedwithHurricanes?第五页，共258页。第六页，共258页。第七页，共258页。第八页，共258页。第九页，共258页。第十页，共258页。第十一页，共258页。第十二页，共258页。第十三页，共258页。I.BackgroundKnowledgeHurricane,typhoon,stormNamingofhurricanesandtyphoonsHurricaneCamille,Betsy第十四页，共258页。I.BackgroundKnowledge1.Hurricane:AHurricaneisatropicalstorminwhichwindsattainspeedsgreaterthan75milesperhour(120km).ThetermisoftenrestrictedtothosestormsoccurringovertheNorthAtlanticOcean.第十五页，共258页。Incipient(insipint初期(chq)的)hurricanesusuallyformoverthetropicalNAtlanticOceanandmatureastheydriftwestward.HurricanesalsooccasionallyformoffthewestcoastofMexicoandmovenortheastwardfromthatarea.Anaverageof3.5tropicalstormsperyeareventuallymatureintohurricanesalongtheeastcoastofNorthAmerica,usuallyovertheCaribbeanSeaorGulfofMexico.第十六页，共258页。2.Typhoon/cyclone:SimilarstormsoccurringovertheWestPacificOceanandChinaSeasarecalledtyphoons.ThoseovertheIndianOceanarecalledtropicalcyclones(旋风旋风).Tornado:alocalizedandviolentlydestructivewindstormoccurringoverlandcharacterizedbyafunnel-shapedcloudextendingtowardtheground一般只指开阔一般只指开阔”陆地陆地(ld)上上“形成的形成的”龙卷风龙卷风“，规模一般比，规模一般比hurricane小。小。第十七页，共258页。Astormisnamedwhenitreachestropicalstormstrengthwithwindsof39mph,andbecomesahurricaneortyphoonwhenitswindspeedreaches75mph.75m.p.h.storm39m.p.hHurricane/typhoon第十八页，共258页。The National Weather Service of the United States has used girls names to identify hurricanes in the Atlantic,Caribbean,and Gulf of Mexico since 1953 and the names were given in alphabetical order.3.HowareHurricanesNamed?第十九页，共258页。Eachnameontheliststartswithadifferentletter,forexample,thenameoftheveryfirsthurricaneoftheseasonstartswiththeletterA,thenextstartswiththeletterB,andsoon.ThelettersQ,U,X,YandZ,however,arenotused.HowareHurricanesNamed?第二十页，共258页。Asemi-permanentlistof10setsofnamesinalphabeticalorderwasestablishedin1971.Thispracticeofgivinggirlsnamestohurricaneschangedrecently.In1980ahurricanewasgivenamansnameandwascalledHurricaneDavid.HowareHurricanesNamed?第二十一页，共258页。TheyalsobeganusingFrenchandSpanishmaleandfemalenamesatthistime.HurricaneseasonusuallystartsonJune1andendsonNov.30.HowareHurricanesNamed?第二十二页，共258页。Oftenwhenanunusuallydestructivehurricanehits,thathurricanesnameisretiredandneverusedagain.Since1954,fortynameshavebeenretired.In1996HurricaneLuiswasretired.HowareHurricanesNamed?第二十三页，共258页。HurricanenamesarechosenfromalistselectedbytheWorldMeteorological(气象(qxing)的）Organization.Thereisactuallyonelistforeachofsixyears.Inotherwords,onelistisrepeatedeveryseventhyear.HowareHurricanesNamed?第二十四页，共258页。4.Howaretyphoonsnamed?TyphoonsaretropicalstormsthatformoverthePacificOceannorthoftheequator.Hurricanesaregivengirlsnamesandtyphoonsareusuallygivenserialnumbers.第二十五页，共258页。Eachofthe14nationsthattyphoonsaffectsubmittedalistofnamesforatotalof141names.Thenamesincludeanimals,flowers,astrological（星相(xngxing)学的）signsandafewpersonalnames.Chinesenamesoftyphoonsconsistoflongwang,yutu,fengshen,dujuan,haima,wukong,haiyan,haishen,dianmu,haitang(龙王，玉兔(yt)，风神，杜鹃，海马，悟空，海燕，海神，电母，海棠）第二十六页，共258页。5.HurricaneCamilleHurricane Camille is the storm lashing(striking,attacking)Mississippi and Mississippi and Louisiana for two Louisiana for two days,Aug.17-18,in days,Aug.17-18,in 1969.1969.第二十七页，共258页。Hurricane Camille is said to be the worst storm ever to hit mainland United States(except Hurricane Catrina,2005).With winds in excess of 200 mph and tides over 20 feet,Hurricane Camille smashed into the Mississippi Gulf Coast on Sunday night,the 17th of August and continued its devastating path until the early hours of Monday,the 18th.The combination of winds,surges,and rainfalls caused 256 deaths(143 on the Gulf Coast and 113 in the Virginia floods)and$1.421 billion in damage.Three death were reported in Cuba.第二十八页，共258页。第二十九页，共258页。第三十页，共258页。第三十一页，共258页。HurricaneBetsyisthestormlashingFlorida,MississippiandLouisianain1965fromSept.7-10,causingthedeathof74persons.HurricaneBetsy第三十二页，共258页。II.Theliterarystyle1.Typeofliterature:Apieceof_.Simply defined,narration is the telling of a story.Apieceofnarrationismainlydevelopedintheactual_sequence.Thewritertellsthereaderswhathappensfirstandwhatnext.timenarration第三十三页，共258页。2.The literary termsnarration story telling extended narration novels histories biographies autobiographies travelogues第三十四页，共258页。Literary terms of narration:Protagonist(主角主角)-leading characterAntagonist(反面反面(fnmin)主角主角)-the people or forces protagonists fight against Suspense(悬念悬念)-the state of uncertaintyInterposition(插入插入)-the passage which is put between the actionThe purpose is to add more information to create suspense第三十五页，共258页。Flashback(倒叙，闪回)-interruptionofchronologicalsequencebyinterjectionofeventsofearlieroccurrenceClimax(高潮)-themostexciting,importantinterestingpartonthestoryDenouementdeinu:m(小说(xioshu)或戏剧的结局)-theendingofastory第三十六页，共258页。lAgoodstoryhasabeginning,amiddleandanend,eventhoughitmaystartinthemiddleoratsomeotherpointintheactionandmovebackwardtotheearlierhappenings.lOrganization:-beginning-development-climax-end第三十七页，共258页。3.Theessentialsofnarration:1)_(time&place)2)_3)_SettingCharactersPlot第三十八页，共258页。timeplacecharacter(protagonist/antagonist)action(incidents,events,etc.)conflicts(suspense,tension)climaxdenouementTheessentialsofnarration:第三十九页，共258页。Narrationrevolvesaroundpeople,calledcharacters,insomekindofstruggleorconflictagainstotherpeople,nature,societyorthemselves.Narrationisconcernedwithaction(情节(qngji),withlifeinmotion,withameaningfulseriesofactions.第四十页，共258页。nThe actions,that is,incidents and events are generally presented in order of their occurrence,following the natural time sequence of the happenings(Chronological order).nBut it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.This is called flashback.第四十一页，共258页。lInthestorytheleadingcharacteriscalledtheheroorprotagonistandthepeopleorforceshefightsagainstiscalledtheantagonistortheenemy.lAstheconflictdevelops,suspenseandtensionincreaseuntilthehighestpointortheclimaxofthestruggleisreached.第四十二页，共258页。lAftertheclimax,thestoryquicklymovestoaconclusion,whichissometimescalledadenouement.lAction(plot)usuallydominatesnarration;however,somenarrativesfocusoncharacter,theme(theideabehindthestory),oratmosphere(themoodortone).第四十三页，共258页。4.Organization(discussion)：Howmanypartsdoesthearticlefallinto?Analyzethestructure.第四十四页，共258页。OrganizationPartI(paras._)Introduction-_PartII(paras._)development&climax-struggleagainsthurricaneclimax(para27)PartIII(paras._)conclusion-thesceneandreliefworkafterthestorm1-6settingofthestory72728-39第四十五页，共258页。Introductory(para.16)-time-place-background-conflict:manversushurricanes-maincharacter:JohnKoshakJr.OrganizationoftheText第四十六页，共258页。Thewriterbuildsupandsustainsthesuspenseinthestoryandgiveslogicalmovementtothesequenceofhappeningsbydescribingtheincidentsindetailandvividly,showinghowtheKoshaksandtheirfriendsstruggledagainsteachonslaught(attack)ofthehurricane.lDevelopment(paras.727)OrganizationoftheText第四十七页，共258页。Thewriterdescribestheseactionsintheorderoftheiroccurrence.Thisnaturaltimesequenceorchronologicalorderholdsthestorytogether.ThestormreachesitsclimaxinParagraph27andfromthereonthestorymovesrapidlytoitsconclusion.Thefamilysurvivedthestorm.OrganizationoftheText第四十八页，共258页。InthelastParathewriterstateshisthemebehindhisstoryinthereflectionofGrandmotherKoshak:“Welostpracticallyallourpossessions,butthefamilycamethroughit.WhenIthinkofthat,Irealizewelostnothingimportant.”OrganizationoftheText第四十九页，共258页。5.Theme_aremoreimportantthan_.HumanlivesmaterialpossessionsThemeManvs.Nature第五十页，共258页。PartISettingoftheStoryIII.Detailedstudyofthetext第五十一页，共258页。uWhatarethefirst6paragraphsmainlyabout?u Whatsthemeaningof“facetoface”?Whatdoyouthinkofthewordingofthetitle?uWhatwasJohnKoshakJr.sjob?uWhatarethereasonsforJohnsdecisionofstayinginsteadoffleeing?uWhatpreparationsdidtheymake?Paragraphs 1-6第五十二页，共258页。lWhatarethefirst6paragraphsmainlyabout?ltimelplacelcharacterslconflict:manversusnaturelsuspense:thecomingofaviolenthurricane第五十三页，共258页。Discussiononthetitle:facetoface(with):confrontingeachotherTheconfrontationisgenerallyconnectedwithsomethingdangerous,difficultorhardtoresolve.Connotingasenseof_E.g.face to face with the enemy,the tiger,the problem,etc.Theheadingpresentsthearticleas_andas_aspossibletoattracttheattentionofwould-bereaders.urgencyanddangervividlyforcefully第五十四页，共258页。Para.1 uDoesPara.1haveatopicsentence?HowisthePara.developed?Whatsthefunctionofthelastsentence?第五十五页，共258页。Jr.Jr.isthe_of“junior”.ThistermisgenerallyusedintheUnitedStatesandisputafterthenameofa_toindicatehehasthesamefirstnameashisfather.ThetermSr.(senior)issometimesputafterthenameofthefather.Thisisdoneonlywithmensnames.abbreviationson第五十六页，共258页。Ifthenamecontinuesintothethirdgeneration,Romannumerals(I.,II.,III.,etc.)areused.Thishappensmainlyamongbig,rich,upperclassfamilies.e.g.,JohnRockefellerI,JohnRockefellerII,andJohnRockefellerIII.第五十七页，共258页。Warningshadsounded:-Radio and television had broadcast warnings about the hurricane.TheNationalWeatherServiceoftheUnitedStatesbroadcastwarningsofpotentialhurricanes.August17:HurricaneCamilledevastated(destroy)theareafortwodaysAugustl7,l8.第五十八页，共258页。GulfofMexico:MosthurricanesinthisareaareformedovertheCaribbeanSeaandtheymoveovertheGulfofMexicotostrikethegulfstatesoftheUS-Florida,Mississippi,Louisiana,etc.第五十九页，共258页。lash-tostrikewithgreatforce;tomoveviolentlyorsuddenlye.g.Thewaveslashedtherocks.Therainwaslashingagainstthewindows.第六十页，共258页。pummelpml:tobeatsuddenly;toattackvigorously;ortohitwithrepeatedblowsItwascertain.theKoshakslived:u-TheKoshakswillhavetoputupwithmanyonslaughtsofthefiercestorm.Gulfport:seaportinMiss.Miss.:abbreviationforMississippi第六十一页，共258页。theKoshaks:Whenansisaddedtoasurnameandusedwiththedefinitearticlethe,theterm,then,standsforthewholefamily.e.g.theKoshaks:theKoshakfamily,alltheKoshaksinthefamilytheBrowns:theBrownfamily第六十二页，共258页。Fledinlandtosaferground:-Ran away from the coast to the interior of the country where they would be safer.saferground:Thehurricanelosesforceasitblowsinlandandpeopleawayfromthecoastaresafefromtidalwavescausedbythehurricane.第六十三页，共258页。coastalcommunities:peoplelivingtogetherintowns,cities,villages,alongthecoastaged3to11:Theyoungestchildwasthreeyearsoldandtheeldest11yearsold.Theotherfivewereolderthan3andyoungerthan11.(Howmanypeoplearethereinthebigfamily?)第六十四页，共258页。endanger:poseathreatto;presentadangertoAwarendangersmillionsoflives.战争危及无数战争危及无数(wsh)人的生命。人的生命。Hishealthisendangeredbyoverwork.他的健康因劳累过度而受到损害。他的健康因劳累过度而受到损害。第六十五页，共258页。Para.1:SummarylTopicsentence:JohnKoshakJr.knewthatHurricaneCamillewouldbebad.lHowistheparagraphdeveloped?-ThetopicissupportedbyfactsorreasonsshowinghowJohnKoshakJr.knewthatHurricaneCamillewouldbebad.lWhatarethefacts?-radioandTVwarnings;alotofcoastalpeoplefledinland第六十六页，共258页。lThefunctionofthelastsentence:servingasatransitionleadingtothenextpoint:Whythedecisionwasmade-nottoabandonhishome.Introducingtheothercharacters第六十七页，共258页。WhoaretogetherwiththeKoshaks:uJohnsparentsandCharlesHilluJohnKoshaksparentsleftCaliforniaandcametoGulfporttolivewiththeirson.uIncapitalistcountriesespeciallyintheU.S.,children,whentheygrowupandstartworking,generallyliveawayfromtheirparents.(cultural difference)第六十八页，共258页。LasVegascityistheseatofClarkCountyinSouthNevada.In1970ithadapopulationof125,787.Itsnightclubsandcasinos(娱乐场)areworldfamous.Revenue(收入(shur)fromhotels,gambling,entertainmentandothertourist-orientedindustriesformsthebackboneofitseconomy.LasVegas第六十九页，共258页。Para.3-4What is this part mainly about?第七十页，共258页。John,37:ellipticalsentence-John,whowas37yearsold,Whosebusinesswasrightthereinhishome:-Hisbusinessoffice,workshop,etc.wereallinhishome.right:exactly第七十一页，共258页。allofMagnaProducts.onthefirstfloor:MagnaProducts:nameofthecompanyownedandrunbyJohnKoshakJr.correspondence:lettersengineeringdrawings:diagramsandsketchesformachines第七十二页，共258页。artwork:designs,models,picturesforthevarioustoysfirstfloor:inU.S.,thegroundfloor;inEuropeandGreatBritain,thefloorabovethis第七十三页，共258页。HurricaneBetsy-thestormlashingFlorida,MississippiandLouisianain1965fromSept.7-10,causingthedeathof74personsdemolish:destroy;ruin;pulldown;teardown;smashtopieces第七十四页，共258页。Demolish/destroy/raze/annihilateannihilatenaileit v.kill in large numbers 第七十五页，共258页。Koshakhadmovedhisfamilytoamotel:motel:ahotelspeciallybuiltfortravellingmotorists,madeupofseparateroomsorsmallhouses,eachwithspaceforacarablend(合成词),formedbycombiningpartsofmo(torist)+(ho)tel(initialofoneandendoftheother)第七十六页，共258页。Blendsmotel(motor+hotel)汽车旅馆boatel(boat+hotel)气艇游船旅馆brunch(breakfast+lunch)早餐午餐并一顿吃chunnel(channel+tunnel)运河地下道、水底铁路(til)隧道slurb(slum+suburbs)市郊贫民区talkthon(talk+marathon)冗长的演说sitcom(situation+comedy)情景喜剧第七十七页，共258页。comint(communications+intelligence)通讯情报通讯情报sportscasters(spots+broadcaster)体育节目广播员体育节目广播员masscult(mass+culture)平民文化平民文化(wnhu)magalog(magazine+catalog)杂志目录杂志目录第七十八页，共258页。Wereelevated23feet:-InBritishEnglishonewouldprobablysayWere23feetabovesealevel.Wereagood250yardsfromthesea:-Wereatleast250yardsdistantfromthesea.agood:meaningatleast”,full足足足足(zz)(程度程度数量数量)e.g.wewaitedagoodsixhours.第七十九页，共258页。我们我们(w men)足足等了三个小时足足等了三个小时.从这到火车站足足有五个小时的车程从这到火车站足足有五个小时的车程.他父母亲狠狠地揍了他一顿他父母亲狠狠地揍了他一顿.We waited for a good three hours.It is a good five hours to drive to the railway station.His parents gave him a good beating.第八十页，共258页。Theplacehasbeenhere.everbotheredit:(Personification)-Thehousehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehasevercausedanydamagetoit.第八十一页，共258页。wecanbattendownandrideitout:-Metaphor,comparingthehouseinahurricanetoashipfightingastormatsea-We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.第八十二页，共258页。batten:n.astripofwoodusedinconstructionandoftenusedintheolddaysinshipbuilding压条压条;条板条板batterndown:v.tofastencanvas（帆）（帆）overthehatchesofaship,especiallyinpreparingforastorm用板条钉住用板条钉住;封舱封舱battendownthehatchesrideitout:(ofaship)tostayafloatduringastormwithouttoomuchdamage;lastsafelythrough(badweather)意为抵挡住（狂风等的）袭击，不受多少损伤的坚持意为抵挡住（狂风等的）袭击，不受多少损伤的坚持(jinch)到最后脱险到最后脱险第八十三页，共258页。Reasonsforstay1.Hedidntthinkhisfamilywasinanyrealdanger.HisformerhousehadbeendemolishedbyHurricaneBetsyforitstoodonlyafewfeetabovesealevel.Hisprese