人教版英语必修一Unit5词汇.ppt

Unit 5 Wordsquality n.（1）U,C质，质量，品质质，质量，品质Quality is more important that quantity.（2）C性质，特性，特点性质，特性，特点One quality of wood is that it can burn.（3）C品德，品性品德，品性You need some special personal qualities to work as a nurse.注意：注意：（1）quality作作“品性品性”讲时，经常指一个人性讲时，经常指一个人性格（格（character）中美好的部分。）中美好的部分。（2）表示某物）表示某物“具有具有的的质量量”时用介用介词of.Eg:This new model is of high quality and is not expensive.拓展：拓展：be of good/bad quality 好的好的/坏坏质量量 be of poor/high quality 劣等的，劣等的，优质的的mean adj.vt.（1）adj.吝啬的，小气的吝啬的，小气的搭配：搭配：be mean with/about sth 对于对于吝吝啬的的She is always mean with/about money.（2）adj.（人或其行（人或其行为）卑鄙的，刻薄的）卑鄙的，刻薄的搭配：搭配：be mean to sb/sth 对某人某人/某物刻某物刻薄的薄的Dont be so mean to your classmates.It is mean of you to tease him.（3）adj.熟练的；出色的熟练的；出色的搭配：搭配：be no mean 了不起，很出色了不起，很出色He is a mean tennis player.His mother was a painter,and he is no mean artist himself.（4）vt.意思是；意味着；表示意思是；意味着；表示意思意思搭配：搭配：mean to do sth 打算做某事打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着；意思是意味着；意思是But I didnt mean to hurt you.Missing the bus means walking home.active adj.（1）积极的积极的搭配：搭配：be active in sth 在在方面方面积极极地地 take an active part in sth 积极参与某事极参与某事They were both politically active.（2）（尤指体力上）忙碌的，活）（尤指体力上）忙碌的，活跃的的She is very active in the local business circle.（3）（思想上）充）（思想上）充满活力的，活活力的，活跃的的That child has a very active imagination.generous adj.（1）慷慨的，大方的）慷慨的，大方的搭配：搭配：be generous with 在某方面慷慨在某方面慷慨 be generous in doing sth 乐于做某事乐于做某事It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both.（2）宽宏大量的，宽厚的，仁慈的）宽宏大量的，宽厚的，仁慈的She has a generous mind/spirit.注意：注意：generous和其他修饰人的形容词和其他修饰人的形容词clever,stupid,smart,kind等一样，常与等一样，常与of 一起构成不定式复合结构：一起构成不定式复合结构：Its+adj.+of sb+to do sth.devote vt.献身，致力，专心献身，致力，专心搭配：搭配：devote oneself to 献身于献身于 devote ones life/time to sb/sth 把生命把生命/时间献给时间献给 devote ones energy to 奉献精力于奉献精力于 devote sth to sth 把把用于用于She devoted herself to her career and never married all her life.He devoted his life to promoting world peace.注意：在注意：在devoteto和和 be devoted to中的中的to均均为介介词，其后接名，其后接名词，代，代词和和动名名词等做等做宾语。devoted adj.忠忠实的，深的，深爱的，是形容的，是形容词，可用作定可用作定语或表或表语，可以构成短，可以构成短语be devoted to，该结构可以在句中做状构可以在句中做状语，如：如：Devoted to his research,he didnt notice the teacher entered the room.principle n.C 法则；原则；原理法则；原则；原理Discussing all these details will get us nowhere,we must get back to first principles.注意：注意：principle的复数形式表示的复数形式表示“道德原道德原则则”“行为准则行为准则”或或“规范规范”。I refuse to lie about it;its against my principles.拓展：拓展：in principle 原则上，理论上；大体原则上，理论上；大体上，基本上上，基本上 on principle 根据原则根据原则 first principles 基本原则基本原则guidance n U 指导；领导；引导指导；领导；引导搭配：搭配：under ones guidance 在某人的在某人的指导指导/领导下领导下 guidance on sth 对某事的指导对某事的指导You should do it under his guidance.Thats guidance for teachers on how to use video in class.拓展：拓展：with/under ones guidance=with/under the guidance of sb=under ones direction 在某人的指导下在某人的指导下 out of work 失业失业=out of employmentNow that she is out of work,Lucy has been considering going back to school,but she hasnt decided.拓展：拓展：in work 有工作有工作 go to work 去上班去上班lose ones job 失去工作（表动作）失去工作（表动作）He has been out of work for half a year.I lost my job last year.out of breath 上气不接下气上气不接下气out of use 没用了没用了out of order 出故障了出故障了out of control 失控了失控了out of danger 脱离危险了脱离危险了 out of sight 看不见了看不见了out of date 过时过时【拓展】vote （1）投票；表决投票；表决Congress voted to increase foreign aid by 10%.（2）n.C 投票，表决投票，表决The result of the vote were surprising.拓展：拓展：vote to do sth 投票做某事投票做某事vote for sb 投票支持某人投票支持某人vote against sb 投票反对投票反对 as a matter of fact（1）事实上；其实；说真的）事实上；其实；说真的Its a nice place.Weve stayed there ourselves,as a matter of fact.（2）（表示不同意）事实上，其实）（表示不同意）事实上，其实He doesnt mind.As a matter of fact,hes pleased.【近义短语】【近义短语】in fact/in reality/in truth/in practice/actually equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的；相等的；平等的；胜任的；Two plus two is equal to four.He is equal to(taking)the task.In the sight of God,the rich are equal with the poor.【搭配】【搭配】be equal to sth 与与相等相等be equal to(doing)sth 胜任某事胜任某事be equal with/to 与与平等平等 in trouble 处于困境或险境处于困境或险境Hes in trouble with the police.We should lend a hand to those in trouble.【拓展】【拓展】get into trouble 陷入困境陷入困境 get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困境使某人陷入困境 be in trouble with 有问题（麻烦）有问题（麻烦）have trouble(in)doing 做某事有麻烦做某事有麻烦 turn to 向某人求助；致力于；转身向某人求助；致力于；转身If you have any question,turn to me for help.turn away 把把打发走；解雇打发走；解雇turn back 折回，往回走折回，往回走turn up 开大，调高；开大，调高；出现出现turn down 降低，调低降低，调低;拒绝拒绝 turn on 打开，开启打开，开启turn off 关闭，停止关闭，停止turn in 交还；上交交还；上交turn out 关上，关掉，关上，关掉，结果是结果是turn over 翻转翻转 escape v.逃脱；逃走；避开逃脱；逃走；避开Her name escapes me.A lion has escaped from its cage.He escaped punishment/being punished.搭配：搭配：escape sth 避开某事避开某事 escape from 从从逃离逃离 escape doing sth 避免做某事避免做某事 come to/into power 当权；上台当权；上台 be in power 当权；执政当权；执政 He came to power in 1958.The young king had been in power for five e to/into power 为终止性短语，不可为终止性短语，不可与时间段连用；与其对应的延续性短语为与时间段连用；与其对应的延续性短语为be in power.beg vi.(begged,begged,begging)（1）恳求，乞求恳求，乞求搭配：搭配：beg(sb)for sth（向某人）乞求（向某人）乞求 beg sth of/from sb 向某人乞求（恳求）向某人乞求（恳求）beg(sb)to do sth 恳求（某人）做某事恳求（某人）做某事The old man begged from door to door for food.He begged me not to ask his parents to come.beggar n.乞丐；穷人乞丐；穷人 reward n.C,U 报答，报酬，酬谢，奖赏报答，报酬，酬谢，奖赏 vt.酬谢，报答酬谢，报答You deserved reward for being so helpful.The rewarded the winner with flowers and money.搭配：搭配：reward sb with sth 用某物酬谢某人用某物酬谢某人 reward sb for sth/doing sth 为（做）某事为（做）某事而酬谢某人而酬谢某人in reward/return 作为回报作为回报【辨析】reward 多指对某人的工作、服务、帮助等给予的酬劳、报酬。award 侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后给予有功者或竞赛优胜者的奖励，往往强调荣誉。prize 尤其指在比赛中获得奖品、奖励。